Risk, Toxicology, And Pesticides

Chemicals can have different effects on humans and animals, and this variation is referred to as their toxicity. The term "toxicity" describes the degree to which a substance can harm living organisms. Some chemicals may be highly toxic and cause severe health issues, while others may have low toxicity and pose minimal risks. Therefore, toxicity is the most appropriate term to explain the varying effects of chemicals on humans and animals.

The correct answer is "All the above" because risk encompasses the possibility of experiencing harm from various hazards, including injury, environmental damage, death, economic loss, and disease. These risks can arise from different situations and activities, and it is important to assess and manage them effectively to mitigate potential negative consequences.

Bioterrorism involves intentionally releasing infectious organisms into the air, water supply, or food supply with the intention of causing harm or spreading disease. It is considered a serious and growing threat because it can lead to widespread illness, panic, and even death. Bioterrorism attacks can be carried out using various biological agents such as bacteria, viruses, or toxins, and can have devastating consequences for public health and safety.

DDT, discovered by Paul Muller, is a type of insecticide. Insecticides are chemicals used to control or kill insects that can cause damage to crops, transmit diseases, or harm humans and animals. DDT was widely used in the past for its effectiveness in killing insects, particularly mosquitoes that spread malaria. However, it was later banned in many countries due to its harmful effects on the environment and wildlife.

"Silent Spring" by Rachel Carson is a book that warned about the dangers of DDT and other persistent pesticides. The book highlighted the harmful effects of these chemicals on the environment, wildlife, and human health. It brought attention to the widespread use of pesticides and the need for better regulation and alternative methods of pest control. The title "Silent Spring" symbolizes the potential loss of bird songs and the silent death of nature due to the indiscriminate use of pesticides.

The correct answer is A & C. This is because insecticides are used to control insects and herbicides are used to control weeds. Fungicides are used to control fungal diseases, and rodenticides are used to control rodents. Therefore, both A (insecticides and herbicides) and C (fungicides and rodenticides) are common types of pesticides.

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is the correct answer for the full name of the second generation pesticide discovered by Paul Muller. DDT is a synthetic organic compound that was widely used as an insecticide in the mid-20th century. It was highly effective in controlling pests such as mosquitoes, lice, and agricultural pests. However, due to its persistence in the environment and harmful effects on wildlife and human health, DDT was eventually banned in many countries.

Poverty is the correct answer because it suggests that addressing poverty will have a greater impact on improving longevity and human health compared to any other measure. Poverty can lead to lack of access to basic necessities such as clean water, nutritious food, healthcare, and education, which can significantly impact health and lifespan. By addressing poverty and providing equal opportunities for all individuals, we can improve overall well-being and increase life expectancy.

Toxic substances are a type of chemical that can cause temporary or permanent harm or death to humans or animals. They can have detrimental effects on various bodily systems and organs, leading to health issues or even fatalities. It is crucial to handle toxic substances with caution and take appropriate safety measures to prevent exposure and minimize the risks associated with them.

The correct answer is 50. This means that since 1950, the use of pesticides has increased by 50%. This suggests that there has been a significant rise in the application of pesticides over the years, potentially due to factors such as increased agricultural practices and the need for pest control. This increase in pesticide use may have both positive and negative impacts on the environment and human health, highlighting the importance of proper regulation and sustainable pest management practices.

According to the given information, 90% of the pests damage crops each year. This means that out of all the damage caused to crops, 90% is attributed to pests. It indicates a high level of impact that pests have on crop production, highlighting the significance of pest control measures in agriculture.