Reproduction And Development Unit Post-assessment (Grade 7)
Reproduction and Development Unit Post-Assessment (Grade 7)
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which reproductive adaptation is characteristic of most terrestrial vertebrates but not of most aquatic vertebrates (Standard 4.1 a)?
- A.
External Fertilization
- B.
Internal Fertilization
- C.
Motile Gametes
- D.
External Development
- E.
Fragmentation
Correct Answer
B. Internal FertilizationExplanation
Internal fertilization is the correct answer because it is a reproductive adaptation that is characteristic of most terrestrial vertebrates. This process involves the union of sperm and egg inside the female's body, which increases the chances of successful fertilization and protects the developing embryos from external threats. Most aquatic vertebrates, on the other hand, typically rely on external fertilization where eggs and sperm are released into the water and fertilization occurs externally.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What would most likely result if mitosis was not accompanied by cytoplasmic division (Standard 4.1b)
- A.
Two cells, each with one nucleus
- B.
Two cells, each without a nucleus
- C.
One cell with two identical nuclei
- D.
One cell without a nucleus
- E.
One large egg cell and three polar bodies
Correct Answer
C. One cell with two identical nucleiExplanation
If mitosis was not accompanied by cytoplasmic division, it would result in one cell with two identical nuclei. Mitosis is the process of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells. Normally, during cytoplasmic division, the cytoplasm is also divided between the two daughter cells. However, if cytoplasmic division does not occur, the two nuclei would remain within the same cell, resulting in one cell with two identical nuclei.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which statement best describes what happens during meiosis in a human female (Standard 4.1c)?
- A.
4 haploid egg cells are produced
- B.
4 diploid egg cells are produced
- C.
4 haploid sperm cells are produced
- D.
1 haploid egg cell and three polar bodies are produced
- E.
1 diploid egg cell and three polar bodies are produced
Correct Answer
D. 1 haploid egg cell and three polar bodies are producedExplanation
During meiosis in a human female, one haploid egg cell and three polar bodies are produced. Meiosis is the process of cell division that results in the formation of gametes (sex cells). In females, meiosis begins before birth and is completed during ovulation. During meiosis I, the primary oocyte divides unequally to produce a secondary oocyte and a polar body. The secondary oocyte then undergoes meiosis II, resulting in the formation of a haploid egg cell and another polar body. The polar bodies are non-functional and eventually degenerate, while the haploid egg cell is released during ovulation and can be fertilized by a sperm cell.Rate this question:
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- 4.
In the diagram below, what process occurs immediately after a zygote has formed (Standard 4.1d)?
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Meiosis
- C.
Fertilization
- D.
Differentiation
- E.
Gametogenesis
Correct Answer
A. MitosisExplanation
After a zygote has formed, the process that occurs immediately is mitosis. Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. In this case, the zygote, which is formed by the fusion of sperm and egg, undergoes mitosis to divide and produce more cells. This process is crucial for the growth and development of the organism.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is (Standard 4.1e):
- A.
An ovarian hormone which is responsible for the building up of the uterine lining
- B.
A pituitary hormone which stimulates the growth of the follicle
- C.
A hormone which is stimulated by the follicle and is responsible for building up the uterine lining
- D.
An ovarian hormone which stimulates a follicle to produce an egg
- E.
A hormone secreted in the male testes and delivered to the female ovaries
Correct Answer
B. A pituitary hormone which stimulates the growth of the follicleExplanation
FSH is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the growth of the follicle. The follicle is a structure in the ovary that contains an immature egg. FSH plays a crucial role in the development and maturation of the egg within the follicle. By stimulating the growth of the follicle, FSH helps prepare the egg for release during ovulation. This hormone is essential for the reproductive cycle in females and is regulated by a negative feedback system involving the hypothalamus and the ovaries.Rate this question:
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- 6.
When does pregnancy officially begin (Standard 4.1f)?
- A.
When the sperm cell fertilizes the egg cell
- B.
When the zygote implants itself into the uterus
- C.
When the zygote divides after fertilization
- D.
During ovulation
- E.
When an early pregnancy test is positive
Correct Answer
B. When the zygote implants itself into the uterusExplanation
Pregnancy officially begins when the zygote, which is the fertilized egg cell, implants itself into the uterus. This is the point at which the pregnancy is established and the development of the embryo begins. Prior to implantation, fertilization may have occurred, but pregnancy is not considered to have officially started until the zygote attaches to the uterine lining.Rate this question:
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- 7.
In humans, what is the ratio of the number of gametes produced from one male primary sex cell to the number of gametes produced from one female primary sex cell (Standard 4.1g)?
- A.
1:1
- B.
1:3
- C.
1:4
- D.
3:1
- E.
4:1
Correct Answer
E. 4:1Explanation
The ratio of 4:1 suggests that one male primary sex cell produces four gametes, while one female primary sex cell produces only one gamete. This is because during meiosis, males produce four functional sperm cells through spermatogenesis, while females produce only one functional egg cell through oogenesis.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Identical twins may develop as a result of fertilization of (Standard 4.1h):
- A.
One egg by one sperm
- B.
One egg by two sperms
- C.
Two eggs by one sperm
- D.
Two eggs by two sperms
- E.
Two polar bodies and one sperm
Correct Answer
A. One egg by one spermExplanation
Identical twins develop as a result of fertilization of one egg by one sperm. This occurs when a single fertilized egg, also known as a zygote, splits into two separate embryos. The embryos will have the same genetic material because they originated from the same fertilized egg. This is different from fraternal twins, which develop from the fertilization of two separate eggs by two separate sperm.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The diagrams below represent various processes associated with reproduction. Asexual reproduction is represented by (Standard 2.1d):
- A.
A, only
- B.
B, only
- C.
A and C
- D.
B and D
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. A and CExplanation
The correct answer is A and C. This is because diagram A represents binary fission, which is a common form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms. Diagram C represents budding, another form of asexual reproduction where a new organism grows out of the parent organism. Both of these processes involve the production of offspring without the involvement of gametes or fertilization.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What makes stem cells different from other cells in the body?
- A.
They are larger than other cells.
- B.
They can absorb broken cells and repair them.
- C.
They are undifferentiated cells that can turn into a number of different kinds of cells, as needed.
- D.
They are found only in plants.
- E.
They are only found in embryonic cells and are never found in adult cells.
Correct Answer
C. They are undifferentiated cells that can turn into a number of different kinds of cells, as needed.Explanation
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells, meaning they have not yet specialized into a specific cell type. This unique characteristic allows them to develop into different types of cells as needed by the body. Unlike other cells, which have a specific function and structure, stem cells have the potential to differentiate into various cell types, such as muscle cells, nerve cells, or blood cells. This ability makes them valuable for medical research and potential therapeutic applications. Stem cells are not larger than other cells, do not absorb broken cells to repair them, are not found only in plants, and can be found in both embryonic and adult cells.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Rate, on a scale of 1 – 4, 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest, how much you already know about human reproduction and development.
Correct Answer
1
2
3
4Explanation
This question is asking the respondent to rate their knowledge about human reproduction and development on a scale of 1 to 4, with 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest. The correct answer is that the respondent can choose any of the options 1, 2, 3, or 4 as their rating.Rate this question:
- 12.
Rate, on a scale of 1 – 4, 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest, how interested are you in human reproduction and development.
Correct Answer
1
2
3
4Explanation
This question asks the respondent to rate their interest in human reproduction and development on a scale of 1 to 4. The answer options provided are 1, 2, 3, and 4, which cover the entire range of the scale. Therefore, the correct answer is 1,2,3,4.Rate this question:
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