Pathology Of Kidney

1. A 7 year old child presents with hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia, and proteinuria. The edema is in the periorbital region initially and eventually spreads to the rest of the body. The patient is given steroid therapy and the disease goes away. What is a key morphological feature of the patients disease?

Fusion of the foot processes

Destruction of the basement membrane

Destruction of the glomerulus

Hemosiderin laden macrophages in the kidney

None of the above

2. A diabetic patient presents with macroalbuminuria that was once microalbuminuria. He also has hypertension and his GFR has decreased a lot. He has retinopathy. His kidney glomerular basement membrane is thickened and there appears to be a peculiar type of glomerular sclerosis. What is a key morphological feature of his advanced disease.

Kimmelsteil-Wilson nodules

Haberden Nodes

Bouchard nodes

All of the above

B and c

3. A patient presents with malar rash, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, arthritis, and signs of nephritic syndrome. Upon examination of his kidney, there appears to be crescent formation. Test samples reveal antibodies against DNA, ANA, and snRNA. What is the pathogenic mechanism of the disease?

Immune complex mediated

Infection

Tumor

None of the above

All of the above

4. A patient presents with proteinuria, edema, and symptoms of renal insufficiency. There appears to be nodular hyaline masses in the glomerulus of the kidney. Tests indicate that the kidney has enlarged. The disease with the most similar presentation would be?

Diabetic Nephropathy

IgA Nephropathy

Osteomyelitis

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

All of the above.

5. A patient presents with hematuria, proteinuria on urinanalysis, edema and recurrent episodes of gross hematuria. C3 levels are low and examination of the basement membrane reveals thickening of the glomerular loop or tram-tracking. He is diagnosed with the type 1 of MPGN. Electron dense deposition is most commonly seen in:

The subendothelial area

Glomerular basement membrane

Mesangium

The loops of henle

None of the above

6. A patient presents with fever, flank pain, dysuria, costovertebral angle tenderness, papillary necrosis, pyonephrosis and perinephric abscess. Laboratory findings indicate elevated creatine and BUN levels. Laboratory findings will also reveal:

WBC casts

RBC casts

Granular casts

No casts

None of the above

7. A black male that is diabetic, initially has no organ failure, and his arterioles seem to have undergone hyaline deposition. As time progresses, his diastolic blood pressure ends up being over 120, his organs start to fail, which proteinuria, nausea, vomiting, MI's, and blurry eyes. What is a key morphological feature of his conditions?

Fibrinoid necrosis and thrombus formation

Hyaline deposition continues

Atherosclerosis

Embolism formation

None of the above

8. A child after a strep infection, presents 10 days later with hypertension, hematuria, edema, and sometime oliguria. There appears to be elevated titers of anti-streptolysin O anitbodies. What is a key morphological feature of his disease?

Spike and dome appearance

Humps

Deposition of IgG and C3

Deposition of IgM and C3

B and C

9. A patient presents with symptoms of nephrotic syndrome. The disease is immune complex mediated and is known to create an increase in glomerular basement membrane size. IgG and C3 levels are deposited on subepithelial side of the basement membrane. Which of the following would best describe the morphology of the disease?

Deposition of new basement membrane between and above complexes

Spike and Hair-comb pattern

Infiltration of the area with lymphocytes

A and B

B and C

10. A patient presents with hypertension, hematuria, flank pain, and nephrolithiasis. Imagine studies reveal many cysts in both enlarged kidneys. The patient is at at risk of development of:

Berry aneurysms

Pneumonia

Hemorrhages

Hypertension

None of the above

11. A patient presents with hypotension, low urine output, uremic signs like pericaridal friction rub, asterxis and confusion. Laboratory findings indicate elevated serum creatinine and BUN levels, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and metabolic acidosis. Urinary findings would indicate:

Muddy brown granular casts

Epithelial cell casts

Rbc casts

A and B

A and C

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13. A 60 year old male comes to your office and upon examination, there appears to be a mass on his kidney. He has hematuria and flank pain. The tumor arises from and is associated with_ in the non sporadic form:

Ductal cells, Von Hippel lindau

Glomerulus, NF2

Adrenal medulla, polycystic kidney disease

Ductal cells, NF1

None of the above

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15. A patient with a history of gout experiences abrupt onset of flank pain extending to the groin, nausea, vomiting, and microscopic hematuria. All of the following are related to his condition except:

Renal colic

UTI

Calcium oxalate

Increased fluid intake

All are related

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Pathology Of Kidney

2.

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3. A patient presents with malar rash, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, arthritis, and signs of nephritic syndrome. Upon examination of his kidney, there appears to be crescent formation. Test samples reveal antibodies against DNA, ANA, and snRNA. What is the pathogenic mechanism of the disease?

4. A patient presents with proteinuria, edema, and symptoms of renal insufficiency. There appears to be nodular hyaline masses in the glomerulus of the kidney. Tests indicate that the kidney has enlarged. The disease with the most similar presentation would be?

6. A patient presents with fever, flank pain, dysuria, costovertebral angle tenderness, papillary necrosis, pyonephrosis and perinephric abscess. Laboratory findings indicate elevated creatine and BUN levels. Laboratory findings will also reveal:

8. A child after a strep infection, presents 10 days later with hypertension, hematuria, edema, and sometime oliguria. There appears to be elevated titers of anti-streptolysin O anitbodies. What is a key morphological feature of his disease?

10. A patient presents with hypertension, hematuria, flank pain, and nephrolithiasis. Imagine studies reveal many cysts in both enlarged kidneys. The patient is at at risk of development of:

11. A patient presents with hypotension, low urine output, uremic signs like pericaridal friction rub, asterxis and confusion. Laboratory findings indicate elevated serum creatinine and BUN levels, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and metabolic acidosis. Urinary findings would indicate:

12. Obstructive uropathy will cause dilation of renal pelvises and calyses also known as -

13. A 60 year old male comes to your office and upon examination, there appears to be a mass on his kidney. He has hematuria and flank pain. The tumor arises from and is associated with_ in the non sporadic form:

14. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is a group of disorders associated with severe oliguria and death from renal failure within weeks and is commonly associated with _ formation

15. A patient with a history of gout experiences abrupt onset of flank pain extending to the groin, nausea, vomiting, and microscopic hematuria. All of the following are related to his condition except:

16. A patient presents with acute kidney injury, fever and rash and has been on NSAIDs. Upon taking a renal biopsy, his kidney shows inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes and _