10 Random Medicine Questions

Explanation
Bacterial vaginosis is a risk factor for preterm labor when the whiff test is positive. Bacterial vaginosis is a condition caused by an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina, leading to symptoms such as abnormal discharge and a fishy odor. When the whiff test is positive, it indicates the presence of a strong odor when a sample of vaginal discharge is mixed with a potassium hydroxide solution. This positive test result suggests an overgrowth of certain bacteria, which can increase the risk of preterm labor. Trichomoniosis and candidiasis are not associated with a positive whiff test or an increased risk of preterm labor.

Explanation
Pasteurella multocida is the most possible organism to infect animal bite wounds. This bacterium is commonly found in the oral cavities of animals, especially cats and dogs, and can be transmitted to humans through bites or scratches. It is known to cause a range of infections, including skin and soft tissue infections, joint infections, and respiratory tract infections. Therefore, it is important to promptly clean and treat animal bite wounds to prevent potential infections caused by Pasteurella multocida.

Explanation
Beau's lines are horizontal depressions or grooves that appear across the nails. They are usually caused by a temporary interruption in the growth of the nail due to various factors such as injury, illness, or certain medications. Beau's lines can be seen on the nails and are not observed in the skin or oral mucosa. Therefore, the correct answer is nails.

Explanation
Chromosome analysis in cases of Beckwith Wiedemann Syndrome will reveal abnormality in chromosome 11. This abnormality is often caused by a change in the structure or number of copies of chromosome 11. Beckwith Wiedemann Syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by overgrowth, abdominal wall defects, and an increased risk of certain childhood cancers. The abnormality in chromosome 11 is typically a result of a genetic mutation or deletion, which can disrupt the normal functioning of genes on this chromosome and contribute to the development of the syndrome.

Explanation
Reverse T3 is a form of the thyroid hormone T3 that is inactive and does not have the same biological effects as regular T3. In cases of low T3 levels, it can be difficult to determine whether the decrease is due to a non-thyroidal illness or a thyroidal illness. Measuring levels of reverse T3 can help differentiate between the two. In non-thyroidal illness, reverse T3 levels are typically elevated, while in thyroidal illness, reverse T3 levels are usually normal or low. Therefore, measuring reverse T3 can be useful in distinguishing between these two conditions in cases of low T3 levels.

Explanation
Ebstein's anomaly !!!

Explanation
Kawasaki disease is a possible explanation for a child with fever, rash, and non-purulent discharge of the eye. Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile illness that primarily affects young children. It is characterized by inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body, including the coronary arteries. Symptoms include fever lasting for at least five days, rash, red eyes, swollen lymph nodes, and changes in the lips and mouth. This condition requires prompt medical attention to prevent complications such as coronary artery aneurysms.

Explanation
The correct answer is t(11:22). This answer suggests that the cytogenetics of a bone tumor with onion skin appearance will reveal a translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22. Translocations are genetic abnormalities where a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. In this case, the translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22 may be associated with the formation or progression of the bone tumor.

Explanation
Demeclocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that is known to cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, not SIADH. SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion) is characterized by excessive release of antidiuretic hormone, leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Demeclocycline, on the other hand, has been shown to impair the response of the renal tubules to antidiuretic hormone, resulting in increased urine output and decreased water reabsorption. Therefore, the statement "Demeclocycline causes SIADH" is false.

Explanation
Calcium gluconate does not reduce the concentration of potassium. In fact, it can actually increase the concentration of potassium in the body. Calcium gluconate is often given as a treatment for low blood calcium levels, and it can lead to a shift of potassium from the intracellular space to the extracellular space, resulting in an increase in serum potassium levels. Therefore, the statement that calcium gluconate reduces the concentration of potassium is false.