Psychology - Life Span - Chapter 3 - Pt 2

25 Questions | By Nursing_student | Last updated: Mar 20, 2022 | Total Attempts: 521

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Psychology 237 Life Span

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1.

Each molecule of DNA is called a:
- A.
  
  Ovum
- B.
  
  Zygote
- C.
  
  Cell
- D.
  
  Chromosome
2.

The chemicals that send instructions to cells are:
- A.
  
  A, R, E, and T
- B.
  
  A, T, C, and G
- C.
  
  A, T, G, and F
- D.
  
  A, T, C, and B
3.

A person's genetic inherited potential is called the _______, while a person's actual appearance and behavior is called the________.
- A.
  
  Genotype; phenotype
- B.
  
  Autotype; phenotype
- C.
  
  Phenotype; genotype
- D.
  
  Somatotype; genotype
4.

Approximately the same number of males and females are born every year. If scientists found a way to cure stressful pregnancies, how would this effect the number of males born every year:
- A.
  
  The number of males born would increase
- B.
  
  The number of the males born would decrease
- C.
  
  The number of the males born would stay the same
- D.
  
  The number of the males born would be unpredictable
5.

Differentiation occurs when:
- A.
  
  The sperm and ovum meet
- B.
  
  The combined material from both gametes mesh together
- C.
  
  The zygote reaches the 4-cell stage
- D.
  
  Cells begin to specialize
6.

The genetic explanation for the differences between chimps and humans concerns differences in:
- A.
  
  Regulator genes
- B.
  
  The overall number of genes
- C.
  
  The three-dimensional structure of the DNA molecule
- D.
  
  The size of the Y chromosome
7.

Additive genes contribute to the:
- A.
  
  Dominant-recessive pattern
- B.
  
  Genotype
- C.
  
  Phenotype
- D.
  
  Gamete
8.

What is the correct order of the processes that occur after a zygote is formed?
- A.
  
  Chromosomes divide in half and then duplicate and differentiate
- B.
  
  23 Pairs of chromosomes duplicate, differentiate, and divide several times
- C.
  
  23 Pairs of chromosomes duplicate, divide several times, and then cells differentiate
- D.
  
  The zygote divides, replicates, and then differentiates several times
9.

A slight variation of a particular gene is called an:
- A.
  
  Autosome
- B.
  
  Allele
- C.
  
  Ovum
- D.
  
  Amino acid
10.

Most humans have ____ pair(s) of autosomes and ____ pair(s) of sex chromosome
- A.
  
  20; 1
- B.
  
  22; 1
- C.
  
  21; 2
- D.
  
  21; 1
11.

In the United States, it is illegal to:
- A.
  
  Surgically insert two groups of cells that have been separated from an in vitro fertilized ovum
- B.
  
  Perform selective abortion on multiple embryos that have been implanted
- C.
  
  Surgically insert cells that are in vitro fertilized, duplicated, and beginning to divide
- D.
  
  Clone cells
12.

IVF zygotes have been surgically implanted into Norma's womb. What is the chance of one of them implanting and developing?
- A.
  
  A 60 percent chance of implanting and developing
- B.
  
  A 50 percent chance of implanting and developing
- C.
  
  A 30 percent chance of implanting and developing
- D.
  
  Almost no chance of implanting and developing
13.

Which type of twin is created from two separate zygotes?
- A.
  
  Dizygotic
- B.
  
  Monozygotic
- C.
  
  Identical
- D.
  
  Cloned
14.

A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in the phenotype is called:
- A.
  
  Infertile
- B.
  
  A carrier
- C.
  
  A dizygotic twin
- D.
  
  A mosaic
15.

Research reported in The Relationship Code found that:
- A.
  
  Genes have a strong impact on every characteristic of a child
- B.
  
  The research help to explain the interaction of nature and nurture
- C.
  
  Family structure and parental style modify genetic influence on children
- D.
  
  All of the answers are correct
16.

Examples of the interaction of genotype and phenotype can be easily identified in:
- A.
  
  Alcoholism
- B.
  
  Many mental illnesses
- C.
  
  Nearsightedness
- D.
  
  All of the above
17.

Dr. Chan has diagnosed 8-year old Hsu with myopia. He recommends that Hsu should spend more time playing outside in the sun. Why would Dr. Chan make this recommendation?
- A.
  
  Dr. Chan recognizes the importance of the interaction of the environment on Hsu inherited visual genes.
- B.
  
  Dr. Chan does not want to prescribe glasses for Hsu.
- C.
  
  Dr. Chan thinks that Hsu needs more vitamin A to slow down the progression of myopia.
- D.
  
  There is no reason for Dr. Chan to make this recommendation.
18.

Why is it important to be knowledgeable about chromosomal and genetic abnormalities?
- A.
  
  They provide insight into the complexities of nature and nurture
- B.
  
  The information helps reduce prejudices toward the abnormalities
- C.
  
  Knowing the origins of the abnormalities can help limit their effects
- D.
  
  All of the above
19.

Eric has been identified as having cells with 45 chromosomes and others with 46 chromosomes. This condition is called:
- A.
  
  Mosaic
- B.
  
  Trisomy-21
- C.
  
  Diabetic
- D.
  
  Klinefelter syndrome
20.

Which of the following statements about individuals with Down syndrome is true?
- A.
  
  Very few have specific facial characteristics
- B.
  
  Every cell in their body contains 47 rather than 46 chromosomes
- C.
  
  Cognitive stimulation will not improve their ability to read and write
- D.
  
  Their life expectancy is shorter than that of other adults
21.

Each of the following results from an atypical number of chromosomes, except:
- A.
  
  Tourette syndrome
- B.
  
  Turner syndrome
- C.
  
  Down syndrome
- D.
  
  Klinefelter syndrome
22.

Which genetic disorder is sex-linked, appears on the X chromosome, and may result in mental retardation?
- A.
  
  Tay-Sachs
- B.
  
  Down syndrome
- C.
  
  Fragile X syndrome
- D.
  
  PKU
23.

Carriers of the sickle-cell trait are:
- A.
  
  Less likely to die of malaria
- B.
  
  More likely to suffer of malaria
- C.
  
  More likely to be affected by fragile X syndrome
- D.
  
  Less likely to be affected by fragile X syndrome
24.

According to the text, some historians believe that a disease was an underlying cause of the Russian revolution of 1917. What was this disease?
- A.
  
  Hemophilia
- B.
  
  Fragile X syndrome
- C.
  
  Cystic fibrosis
- D.
  
  Huntington's disease
25.

Why does genetic testing and counseling produce uncertainty?
- A.
  
  News of a harmful gene that can produce a possible disorder generates new uncertainties
- B.
  
  Medical treatments have not yet been discovered for some of the disorders
- C.
  
  The interaction of genes and the environment makes development over the life span unpredictable
- D.
  
  All of the above