Psychology - Life Span - Chapter 3 - Pt 2
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Psychology 237 Life Span
- 1.Each molecule of DNA is called a:
- A.
Ovum
- B.
Zygote
- C.
Cell
- D.
Chromosome
- 2.The chemicals that send instructions to cells are:
- A.
A, R, E, and T
- B.
A, T, C, and G
- C.
A, T, G, and F
- D.
A, T, C, and B
- 3.A person's genetic inherited potential is called the _______, while a person's actual appearance and behavior is called the________.
- A.
Genotype; phenotype
- B.
Autotype; phenotype
- C.
Phenotype; genotype
- D.
Somatotype; genotype
- 4.Approximately the same number of males and females are born every year. If scientists found a way to cure stressful pregnancies, how would this effect the number of males born every year:
- A.
The number of males born would increase
- B.
The number of the males born would decrease
- C.
The number of the males born would stay the same
- D.
The number of the males born would be unpredictable
- 5.Differentiation occurs when:
- A.
The sperm and ovum meet
- B.
The combined material from both gametes mesh together
- C.
The zygote reaches the 4-cell stage
- D.
Cells begin to specialize
- 6.The genetic explanation for the differences between chimps and humans concerns differences in:
- A.
Regulator genes
- B.
The overall number of genes
- C.
The three-dimensional structure of the DNA molecule
- D.
The size of the Y chromosome
- 7.Additive genes contribute to the:
- A.
Dominant-recessive pattern
- B.
Genotype
- C.
Phenotype
- D.
Gamete
- 8.What is the correct order of the processes that occur after a zygote is formed?
- A.
Chromosomes divide in half and then duplicate and differentiate
- B.
23 Pairs of chromosomes duplicate, differentiate, and divide several times
- C.
23 Pairs of chromosomes duplicate, divide several times, and then cells differentiate
- D.
The zygote divides, replicates, and then differentiates several times
- 9.A slight variation of a particular gene is called an:
- A.
Autosome
- B.
Allele
- C.
Ovum
- D.
Amino acid
- 10.Most humans have ____ pair(s) of autosomes and ____ pair(s) of sex chromosome
- A.
20; 1
- B.
22; 1
- C.
21; 2
- D.
21; 1
- 11.In the United States, it is illegal to:
- A.
Surgically insert two groups of cells that have been separated from an in vitro fertilized ovum
- B.
Perform selective abortion on multiple embryos that have been implanted
- C.
Surgically insert cells that are in vitro fertilized, duplicated, and beginning to divide
- D.
Clone cells
- 12.IVF zygotes have been surgically implanted into Norma's womb. What is the chance of one of them implanting and developing?
- A.
A 60 percent chance of implanting and developing
- B.
A 50 percent chance of implanting and developing
- C.
A 30 percent chance of implanting and developing
- D.
Almost no chance of implanting and developing
- 13.Which type of twin is created from two separate zygotes?
- A.
Dizygotic
- B.
Monozygotic
- C.
Identical
- D.
Cloned
- 14.A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in the phenotype is called:
- A.
Infertile
- B.
A carrier
- C.
A dizygotic twin
- D.
A mosaic
- 15.Research reported in The Relationship Code found that:
- A.
Genes have a strong impact on every characteristic of a child
- B.
The research help to explain the interaction of nature and nurture
- C.
Family structure and parental style modify genetic influence on children
- D.
All of the answers are correct
- 16.Examples of the interaction of genotype and phenotype can be easily identified in:
- A.
Alcoholism
- B.
Many mental illnesses
- C.
Nearsightedness
- D.
All of the above
- 17.Dr. Chan has diagnosed 8-year old Hsu with myopia. He recommends that Hsu should spend more time playing outside in the sun. Why would Dr. Chan make this recommendation?
- A.
Dr. Chan recognizes the importance of the interaction of the environment on Hsu inherited visual genes.
- B.
Dr. Chan does not want to prescribe glasses for Hsu.
- C.
Dr. Chan thinks that Hsu needs more vitamin A to slow down the progression of myopia.
- D.
There is no reason for Dr. Chan to make this recommendation.
- 18.Why is it important to be knowledgeable about chromosomal and genetic abnormalities?
- A.
They provide insight into the complexities of nature and nurture
- B.
The information helps reduce prejudices toward the abnormalities
- C.
Knowing the origins of the abnormalities can help limit their effects
- D.
All of the above
- 19.Eric has been identified as having cells with 45 chromosomes and others with 46 chromosomes. This condition is called:
- A.
Mosaic
- B.
Trisomy-21
- C.
Diabetic
- D.
Klinefelter syndrome
- 20.Which of the following statements about individuals with Down syndrome is true?
- A.
Very few have specific facial characteristics
- B.
Every cell in their body contains 47 rather than 46 chromosomes
- C.
Cognitive stimulation will not improve their ability to read and write
- D.
Their life expectancy is shorter than that of other adults
- 21.Each of the following results from an atypical number of chromosomes, except:
- A.
Tourette syndrome
- B.
Turner syndrome
- C.
Down syndrome
- D.
Klinefelter syndrome
- 22.Which genetic disorder is sex-linked, appears on the X chromosome, and may result in mental retardation?
- A.
Tay-Sachs
- B.
Down syndrome
- C.
Fragile X syndrome
- D.
PKU
- 23.Carriers of the sickle-cell trait are:
- A.
Less likely to die of malaria
- B.
More likely to suffer of malaria
- C.
More likely to be affected by fragile X syndrome
- D.
Less likely to be affected by fragile X syndrome
- 24.According to the text, some historians believe that a disease was an underlying cause of the Russian revolution of 1917. What was this disease?
- A.
Hemophilia
- B.
Fragile X syndrome
- C.
Cystic fibrosis
- D.
Huntington's disease
- 25.Why does genetic testing and counseling produce uncertainty?
- A.
News of a harmful gene that can produce a possible disorder generates new uncertainties
- B.
Medical treatments have not yet been discovered for some of the disorders
- C.
The interaction of genes and the environment makes development over the life span unpredictable
- D.
All of the above
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