Program Evaluation Final

The word "must" indicates a strong requirement or necessity. Therefore, the phrase "must have" implies that people need something in order to achieve a satisfactory state. This aligns with the definition of "need," which refers to a requirement or a lack of something essential for a satisfactory condition.

A monitoring evaluation is conducted to assess and oversee the progress and performance of a program. It involves regularly monitoring the program's activities, outputs, and outcomes to ensure that it is functioning effectively and achieving its intended goals. By monitoring the program, organizations can identify any issues or areas for improvement, make necessary adjustments, and ensure that the program is on track. It helps in keeping a close eye on the program's implementation and making informed decisions about its continuation or any necessary modifications.

Program evaluation serves the purpose of improving programs and selecting the best program among possible options. It involves assessing the effectiveness, efficiency, and impact of programs to identify areas for improvement and make informed decisions. By collecting and analyzing data, program evaluation helps organizations understand what works and what doesn't, allowing them to make evidence-based decisions to enhance program outcomes and maximize resources. It focuses on continuous learning and improvement, ensuring that programs are meeting their intended goals and making a positive difference in the lives of the target population.

This answer suggests that a program might be ineffective if the target population does not feel a need for the service provided. This means that even if the program is well-designed and addresses the needs of the population, it may fail to have an impact if the population does not perceive a need for the service. The success of a program often depends on the demand and willingness of the target population to engage with the services offered.

Conducting a needs assessment can be difficult because some people deny their needs and other people do not recognize their needs. This means that individuals may be unwilling or unable to acknowledge their own needs, making it challenging to gather accurate information about what is truly needed. It highlights the importance of using various methods and strategies to overcome these barriers and ensure a comprehensive needs assessment.

The correct answer is Fiscal Evaluation. Evaluations that require calculations of the financial investment needed to support a program and the return on that investment are following a fiscal evaluation model. This type of evaluation focuses on the financial aspects of a program, such as the cost of implementation and the potential benefits or savings it can generate. It helps decision-makers assess the financial feasibility and effectiveness of a program before investing resources into it.

Before a program is developed and started, an evaluation of the need should be conducted. This is important because it helps determine whether there is a genuine requirement for the program and whether it will address a specific problem or fulfill a particular goal. Evaluating the need ensures that resources are not wasted on developing a program that is unnecessary or redundant. It also helps in identifying the scope and objectives of the program, allowing for a more efficient and effective development process.

An evaluation of need refers to assessments that are particularly useful in planning a new program. These evaluations help identify the specific requirements and demands of the target population or community that the program aims to serve. By understanding the needs, planners can design and implement a program that effectively addresses those needs and maximizes its impact. This type of evaluation focuses on gathering information about the problem or issue that the program seeks to solve, and it helps inform the development and implementation of the program's goals, objectives, and strategies.

Summative evaluations are conducted after the program is completed. This type of evaluation is used to assess the overall effectiveness and outcomes of a program. It helps determine whether the program has achieved its intended goals and objectives. By conducting the evaluation after the program is completed, it allows for a comprehensive assessment of the program's impact and effectiveness. This information can then be used to inform future program improvements and decision-making.

Before conducting a survey of community needs, an evaluator should do both a and b listed above. This is because defining the population to be studied is important in order to ensure that the survey is targeted towards the right group of people. Additionally, identifying current resources in the community is crucial as it helps the evaluator understand the existing support systems and potential gaps that need to be addressed. By doing both a and b, the evaluator can gather comprehensive information to inform their survey and subsequent evaluation process.

Internal program evaluators usually have better knowledge of the program compared to consultant evaluators. This is because internal evaluators are part of the organization and have direct access to program information, data, and stakeholders. They are familiar with the program's goals, objectives, processes, and outcomes. This deep understanding allows them to assess the program more effectively and make informed recommendations for improvement. On the other hand, consultant evaluators may have limited knowledge and need to spend time familiarizing themselves with the program, which can impact the accuracy and comprehensiveness of their evaluation.

When an evaluation relates the cost of a program to its outcomes, it is considered an evaluation of efficiency. This type of evaluation focuses on determining how effectively resources are being utilized to achieve desired results. It assesses the cost-effectiveness of a program by analyzing the relationship between inputs (costs) and outputs (outcomes). By examining the efficiency of a program, organizations can identify areas for improvement and make informed decisions about resource allocation. This evaluation approach is applicable to various sectors, including both business and social service programs.

The question asks for a type of evaluation that is not included in the given options. The options provided include need assessment, efficiency, outcome, process, and individual assessment. Among these options, individual assessment is the only one that is not typically considered a type of evaluation. Individual assessment refers to the evaluation of an individual's performance or abilities, whereas the other options refer to different types of evaluations such as assessing needs, efficiency, outcomes, and processes.

The given scenario describes the result of offering GRE workshops to Hawaii college students for three years. The significant increase in graduate school enrollment among Hawaii students after this period indicates a long-term outcome or impact of the workshops. The workshops have had a lasting effect on the students' decisions and actions, leading to an increase in their enrollment in graduate school.

Needs assessment is a type of evaluation that focuses on identifying the needs and requirements of a particular individual, group, or organization. It involves gathering information and analyzing data to determine what is lacking or what improvements are needed in order to meet those needs effectively. This evaluation helps in understanding the current situation and making informed decisions about the best course of action to address the identified needs.

Key informants are individuals who have a deep understanding and knowledge of a specific community. Due to their familiarity with the community, they are expected to possess valuable insights and information regarding the needs and requirements of that community. Their expertise and experience make them reliable sources for accurate information about the community's needs.

The Federal grant obtained by UHH to cover the workshop fees for up to 300 students is considered an input. Inputs are resources or contributions that are used to carry out activities or produce outcomes. In this case, the grant is a resource that enables UHH to provide the workshop fees for the students.

A summative evaluation is a type of assessment that is conducted to determine whether a program should continue or not. It is used to make a final judgment about the effectiveness and success of a program. This evaluation helps to gather data and evidence to determine if the program has achieved its intended outcomes and if it is worth continuing. It provides valuable information for decision-making regarding the future of the program.

Formative evaluations are conducted to identify strengths and weaknesses in a program and provide feedback for improvement. These evaluations involve gathering data and feedback from stakeholders to assess the effectiveness of the program's design, implementation, and outcomes. By identifying areas that need improvement, formative evaluations help program developers make necessary adjustments and enhancements to ensure better program performance and outcomes. This continuous improvement process is essential for enhancing the overall quality and effectiveness of the program.

The correct answer is Objectives-Based. This is because programs that emphasize working with clearly stated goals and objectives are following an objectives-based model. In this model, the focus is on setting specific objectives and measuring the degree to which these objectives are achieved. This approach allows for a clear understanding of what needs to be accomplished and provides a framework for evaluating the success of the program.

This evaluation focuses on identifying and measuring the level of unmet needs within an organization or community. It aims to understand what needs are not being adequately addressed or fulfilled. This evaluation helps in identifying areas where improvements or interventions are required to meet the needs of the organization or community effectively.

An evaluation of outcome is designed to determine how program recipients perform as a result of participating in a program. This means that the evaluation focuses on measuring the actual results or effects of the program on the participants. It assesses whether the program has achieved its intended goals and objectives and evaluates the impact it has had on the recipients. The evaluation of outcome helps to determine the effectiveness and success of the program in terms of the desired outcomes.

This scenario suggests that there was a failure to relate the unmet needs to the implementation plans of the program. The program was developed based on a reasonable understanding of the needs, but the way it was implemented made it difficult for people to participate. This implies that the program did not effectively consider how the needs would be addressed and met through the implementation plans.

An external evaluator has the potential to be more objective compared to an internal evaluator because they are not directly involved in the program or organization being evaluated. They do not have personal biases or conflicts of interest that could affect their assessment. Being independent allows them to provide an unbiased and impartial evaluation, which can lead to more accurate and reliable findings.

This situation exemplifies the failure to deal with ignorance of need. The individuals with high blood pressure are unaware of the severity of their condition and the potential negative consequences if left untreated. They reject the treatment because they expect it to make them feel better, not worse. This demonstrates a lack of understanding and awareness of their own need for medication to manage their high blood pressure.

A formative evaluation is conducted to gather feedback and information about a program in order to make improvements. It helps program sponsors identify areas that need attention, assess the effectiveness of program strategies, and make informed decisions to enhance the program's outcomes. This evaluation is not focused on minimizing the effects of federal requirements, improving public relations, or deciding whether to maintain or terminate a program. Instead, it aims to provide valuable insights and data to improve the program's design, implementation, and overall effectiveness.

The workshop offered to Hawai'i college students to help them prepare for the GRE is an example of an activity. It is a specific event or program that is designed to provide students with the necessary skills and knowledge to succeed in the exam. The workshop itself is a proactive step taken by the college to support and assist their students in their academic pursuits. It is not an outcome or impact, as those terms refer to the results or effects of an activity or intervention.

Open forums, although they provide unrestricted access to anyone, have the disadvantage that the groups in attendance may not accurately represent the community. This is because many individuals may be unable or unwilling to attend such meetings. Therefore, the opinions and perspectives shared in these forums may not truly reflect the diversity and breadth of the community as a whole.

Goal-free evaluation refers to evaluations that are conducted when evaluators want to examine the program without their views being affected by knowledge of the program's goals. This approach allows evaluators to assess the program based on its actual outcomes and impacts, rather than being biased or influenced by preconceived notions of what the program should achieve. By setting aside knowledge of the program's goals, evaluators can provide a more objective and unbiased assessment of its effectiveness and identify areas for improvement.

The word "outcome" refers to the effects or results of a program. It implies that after implementing a program, certain consequences or achievements can be observed. The term "outcome" is commonly used to evaluate the overall success or effectiveness of a program by assessing the desired results it has produced.

This question is asking about a basic problem in the area of health care, specifically in developing nations. The correct answer is "examine the context of the need." This means that the problem lies in not considering the specific circumstances and conditions of the developing nations when determining the medical services they require. Instead, assuming that they need advanced medical services without taking into account their limitations and available resources. This failure to examine the context of the need results in the inability to provide appropriate and effective care to the majority of the population.

The social science model suggests that to determine a program's degree of success, two random groups should be formed. One group would be provided with a service, while the other would serve as a control group. This approach allows researchers to compare the outcomes of the two groups and evaluate the effectiveness of the program.

The correct answer is Industrial-Inspection. This model relies on examining the product at the end of the production line to ensure its quality and adherence to standards. This approach involves conducting thorough inspections and tests to identify any defects or issues before the product is released to the market. By inspecting the product at the end of the production line, any potential problems can be addressed and corrected before reaching the customer, ensuring that only high-quality products are delivered.

The incidence of the flu refers to the number of new cases of the flu that occur within a specific population over a given time period, usually a year. It represents the rate at which new cases of the flu are occurring and helps in understanding the spread and impact of the disease. The answer "number of cases of the flu for a one year period" accurately describes the concept of incidence in relation to the flu.

This is an example of an output because it represents the result or outcome of the GRE workshop. The number of students attending the workshop is a measurable and observable result that can be attributed to the workshop itself.

The correct answer is elected community members discussing needs with a trained focus group leader. In the Focus Group approach, elected community members are chosen to participate in a discussion led by a trained focus group leader. This method allows for in-depth exploration of needs and enables community members to provide valuable insights and perspectives. The focus group leader facilitates the discussion and ensures that all participants have an opportunity to contribute their thoughts and opinions. This approach promotes active engagement and collaboration among community members in identifying and assessing needs.

When people achieve a certain need, they do not exceed or go beyond that state. In other words, they are satisfied with achieving the need and do not strive for more or surpass it.

The given scenario describes the outcome of offering GRE workshops for Hawai'i college students. The outcome is that students who attended the workshop scored 10% higher on the GRE compared to students who did not attend. This indicates the result or consequence of the workshop, showing that it had a positive impact on the students' GRE scores.

An evaluation of process involves documenting the extent to which implementation has occurred and the degree to which the program operates as expected. This type of evaluation focuses on the procedures and activities involved in implementing the program, rather than the outcomes or results. It helps to assess whether the program is being implemented effectively and efficiently, and whether any adjustments or improvements are needed in the process.

This evaluation assesses whether participants are achieving desired results or outcomes. It focuses on measuring the end results of their performance rather than the specific processes or methods used. The evaluation aims to determine if participants are meeting the intended goals and objectives effectively.

During the mid-1990s, both Conservatives and Liberals were interested in evaluation. This implies that both political parties had a shared interest in the process of evaluation, which could refer to the assessment and analysis of various policies, programs, or initiatives. It suggests that evaluation was a topic of importance and relevance to both Conservatives and Liberals during that period.

A need is the discrepancy between an actual state and an ideal state. This means that a need arises when there is a gap between what is currently happening and what is considered the ideal or desired situation. In other words, a need represents the difference between the current reality and the desired outcome or goal.

To conduct a successful evaluation, it is crucial for the evaluator to obtain a complete program description as the first step. This is important because having a thorough understanding of the program will provide the evaluator with the necessary background information and context to effectively assess the program's goals, objectives, and outcomes. By obtaining a complete program description, the evaluator can also identify any potential challenges or limitations that may impact the evaluation process. This step sets the foundation for the evaluation and ensures that the evaluator is well-informed before proceeding with determining the methodology and examining the literature.

The term "process" refers to the study of how a program or service is carried out. It involves analyzing and understanding the steps, procedures, and actions involved in executing a program or providing a service. By studying the process, one can identify inefficiencies, bottlenecks, and areas for improvement in order to optimize the program or service.

Black box evaluation refers to evaluating a program or product by examining its output without considering its internal workings. This approach focuses solely on the observable behavior and results, without delving into the internal processes or code. It is similar to how a user interacts with a program without knowing the underlying implementation details. This type of evaluation allows for testing and assessment without requiring knowledge of the internal structure, making it useful for assessing the functionality and correctness of a program from an external perspective.

Formative evaluations are conducted before the program starts in order to gather feedback and assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the program's design and objectives. This allows for any necessary adjustments or improvements to be made before the program is fully implemented. By conducting formative evaluations at this stage, potential issues or challenges can be identified and addressed early on, leading to a more successful and impactful program implementation.

Empowerment evaluation is a type of evaluation that aims to help individuals or groups develop the skills and knowledge necessary to address community problems and interact effectively with public and private agencies. It focuses on empowering the people for whom a service has been developed by providing them with the tools and resources they need to become more competent and self-sufficient. Empowerment evaluation encourages active participation and engagement, and aims to build the capacity of individuals and communities to create positive change.

In evaluations where the observer is the data-gathering instrument, a naturalistic model is followed. This means that the observer collects data by observing and documenting natural behaviors and interactions in real-life settings, without interfering or manipulating the environment. The focus is on capturing the natural state of affairs and understanding the context in which the behaviors occur. This approach allows for a more authentic and unbiased representation of the phenomena being studied, as it avoids artificiality and external influences.

The correct answer is "number of cases of stress on a given day." This is because the prevalence of people suffering from stress refers to the number of cases of stress that exist on a particular day. It does not refer to the number of cases over a longer period of time, the severity or duration of stress.

Asking people about their needs is not considered a social indicator of need because it relies on subjective opinions and self-reporting, which may not accurately reflect the actual needs of a population. In contrast, crime reports, national census, and consumer price index are objective measures that provide more reliable and comprehensive data on social needs.