IT101 IT Fundamentals Prelim Exam! Quiz

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is often referred to as the brain of the computer. It is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations. The CPU performs the majority of the processing in a computer system, including tasks such as running programs, managing memory, and controlling input/output operations. It is the most important component of a computer as it carries out all the necessary operations to make the computer function properly.

The correct answer is "Central Processing Unit". CPU stands for Central Processing Unit, which is the main component of a computer that performs most of the processing inside the computer. It is responsible for executing instructions, performing calculations, and managing data flow between different parts of the computer.

PowerPoint is a software primarily designed for creating and delivering presentations. It allows users to create visually appealing slideshows, incorporating text, images, animations, and multimedia elements. PowerPoint offers a range of tools and features that enable users to organize and present information effectively, making it a popular choice for business meetings, educational settings, and other situations where presentations are required.

The correct answer is "Programmer" because a programmer is someone who writes and creates computer programs using programming languages. They are responsible for designing, coding, testing, and debugging software applications. Programmers have the skills and knowledge to develop various types of programs, such as web applications, mobile apps, and desktop software. They play a crucial role in the development of technology and software solutions.

The correct answer is "Programming Language" because a programming language is a formal language that is used to write computer programs. It provides a set of instructions and syntax rules that allow programmers to communicate with computers and create software applications. In this context, a programming language is the tool or medium through which programmers write their programs.

Hardisk, diskette, and flash drives are all examples of storage devices. These devices are used to store and retrieve data, such as files, documents, and media. They provide a means to save and access information for later use. Therefore, the correct answer is "Storage".

Word is a word processor because it is a software program that allows users to create, edit, and format text documents. It provides various features such as spell check, grammar check, formatting options, and the ability to insert images and tables. Word is commonly used for creating documents such as letters, reports, resumes, and essays. Excel, on the other hand, is a spreadsheet program used for calculations and data analysis, while Powerpoint is a presentation software used for creating slideshows.

The abacus is considered the earliest computing device because it was invented thousands of years ago and used for performing basic arithmetic calculations. It consists of a series of rods or wires with beads that can be moved back and forth. By manipulating these beads, users can add, subtract, multiply, and divide numbers. The abacus was widely used in ancient civilizations such as Mesopotamia, Egypt, and China, and it laid the foundation for later mechanical and electronic calculators.

An electronic device capable of handling large arithmetic and logical operations is called a computer. Computers are designed to process and store vast amounts of data, perform complex calculations, and execute various tasks based on logical operations. They are equipped with powerful processors, memory, and storage systems to handle these operations efficiently. While calculators and machines can also perform arithmetic operations, computers are specifically designed to handle large-scale operations and provide a wide range of functionalities beyond basic calculations.

A database management system is a type of software that is used for organizing storage and retrieval of information. It provides a structured and efficient way to store and manage large amounts of data, allowing users to easily access, manipulate, and analyze the information stored in the database. This type of software is commonly used in various industries and applications, such as business, healthcare, finance, and education, to efficiently manage and organize data.

The physical components of a computer system such as the processor, memory, motherboard, hard drive, and peripherals are collectively referred to as hardware. This includes all the tangible parts of the computer that can be seen and touched. Software, on the other hand, refers to the programs and instructions that tell the hardware what to do. Peopleware is a term used to describe the human elements involved in a computer system, such as the users, operators, and support personnel.

Software refers to the programs or instructions that enable a computer to perform specific tasks or functions. It includes applications, operating systems, and other programs that are designed to run on computer hardware. Without software, computers would not be able to execute commands or perform any tasks. Therefore, software is essential for making the computer work.

The term "peopleware" refers to the human aspect of computer systems, including the users who manipulate the computer and are responsible for its maintenance and procedures. While software and hardware are important components of a computer system, they rely on the actions and decisions made by people to function effectively. Therefore, "peopleware" encompasses the human element in managing and utilizing computer systems.

An electronic spreadsheet is a software that allows the user to easily compute repetitive calculations in a fast and accurate manner. It provides a grid-like structure where data can be organized and manipulated using formulas and functions. This type of software is commonly used for financial analysis, budgeting, data analysis, and other tasks that involve numerical calculations. With features like automatic recalculation and the ability to create complex formulas, electronic spreadsheets greatly simplify and streamline repetitive calculations, making them more efficient and accurate compared to manual calculations or other software options like word processing or desktop publishing.

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. It is the standard markup language used to create web pages. HTML uses a set of markup tags to structure the content and define the layout and formatting of a web document. These tags are interpreted by web browsers to display the content in a user-friendly manner. Therefore, the correct answer is Hypertext Markup Language.

Open source software refers to software that is freely available for use, modification, and distribution. This means that users are not only allowed to use the software without any cost, but they can also modify the source code according to their needs and distribute it to others. Open source software promotes collaboration and transparency, as it encourages the sharing of knowledge and improvements among developers and users.

A LAN, or Local Area Network, is a network of personal computers that are located in close proximity to each other, typically within the same building, campus, or area. This type of network allows for the sharing of resources such as files, printers, and internet connections among the connected computers. LANs are commonly used in homes, schools, and small businesses to facilitate communication and collaboration between devices.

Windows is an example of an operating system. An operating system is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. Windows is a widely used operating system developed by Microsoft, which provides a graphical user interface, file management, and other essential functionalities for running applications and managing computer operations.

Keyboard, mouse, and scanner are all examples of input devices. Input devices are used to input data or commands into a computer system. These devices allow users to interact with the computer and provide input that can be processed and used by the computer. Therefore, the correct answer is "Input".

Printer, monitor, and speaker are examples of output devices. These devices are responsible for displaying or producing information in a usable form for the user. The printer produces hard copies of documents, the monitor displays visual information, and the speaker produces audio output. Therefore, they all fall under the category of output devices.

UTP stands for unshielded twisted pair. This refers to a type of cable commonly used in networking and telecommunications. It consists of pairs of insulated copper wires twisted together, without any additional shielding. The twisting of the wires helps to reduce electromagnetic interference and crosstalk between the pairs, making it suitable for transmitting data over long distances. The lack of shielding makes UTP cables more affordable and flexible compared to shielded cables, but they may be more susceptible to external interference.

Networking protocols are a set of rules and conventions that govern how networking devices on a network communicate. These protocols define the format and order of messages exchanged between devices, as well as the actions to be taken in response to different events. They ensure that devices can understand and interpret each other's messages, allowing for effective communication and data transfer on the network. DSL refers to a type of internet connection, while networking structure does not accurately describe the concept of protocols.

HTML is a markup language, not a scripting language. It is used for structuring and presenting content on the web. While HTML can include some simple scripting elements, such as event handlers, it is primarily used for creating the basic structure of webpages. CSS is used for styling and formatting the webpage, while JavaScript is a scripting language that allows for more complex interactivity and functionality on webpages.

Charles Babbage is considered the father of modern computers because of his significant contributions to the development of the first mechanical computer, known as the Analytical Engine. Babbage's design incorporated many concepts that are still fundamental to modern computers, such as the use of punch cards for input and output, a central processing unit, and a memory unit. Although Babbage's Analytical Engine was never fully built during his lifetime, his work laid the foundation for the future of computing and earned him the title of the father of modern computers.

A WAN (Wide Area Network) is a network that connects multiple computers located in different cities or countries. It allows for communication and data transfer between these computers over a large geographical area. Unlike a LAN (Local Area Network) which is limited to a small area such as a single building or campus, a WAN extends over a much larger scale, making it suitable for connecting computers in different locations. A MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) is also a possibility, but it typically covers a smaller area than a WAN and may not be as suitable for connecting computers in different cities or countries.

Dennis Ritchie is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the person who invented the C Programming Language. In the early 1970s, Ritchie, along with his colleague Ken Thompson, developed the C programming language at Bell Labs. C became one of the most influential programming languages, serving as the foundation for many other languages and operating systems. Ritchie's contributions to the field of computer science, particularly his work on C and Unix, have had a lasting impact on the industry.

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The Pascal Calculator is the most suitable option because it is a machine that was operated by dialing a series of wheels and is capable of adding and subtracting numbers. The Abacus is a manual calculating tool, Napier's Bones are a multiplication aid, and Outhred's Slide Rule is a logarithmic calculating tool.

ATM machines and POS systems are examples of special purpose computers because they are designed for specific tasks and functions. They are programmed and built to perform a limited range of functions, such as processing financial transactions, rather than being able to perform a wide range of tasks like general purpose computers. Special purpose computers are optimized for efficiency and reliability in performing their specific functions, making them suitable for specialized applications like banking and retail.

A network interface card is a card used to control the data that is being transmitted through a cable or wirelessly from one computer to another. It acts as an interface between the computer and the network, allowing the computer to send and receive data. It provides the necessary hardware and software components to establish and maintain a network connection.

Peer to peer is characterized by its simplicity in implementation and operation and its objective is to share files and information directly from computer to computer openly. In a peer-to-peer network, there is no central server, and each computer (or peer) can act as both a client and a server, allowing users to directly connect and share resources without the need for a dedicated server. This decentralized approach makes it easy to implement and operate, as there is no need for complex infrastructure or administration.

The given binary number, 11111011, can be converted to hexadecimal by grouping the binary digits into sets of four, starting from the right. In this case, we have 1111 and 1011. Each group can then be converted to its hexadecimal equivalent, which gives us F and B respectively. Therefore, the hexadecimal representation of 11111011 is FB.

Outhred's Slide Rule consists of two movable rulers placed side by side and is used to quickly multiply and divide. This tool was invented by Lawrence Outhred and is a mechanical device that utilizes logarithmic scales to perform calculations. It was widely used before the advent of electronic calculators and computers.

A computer that has the capability of dealing with a variety of tasks is called a general purpose computer. This type of computer is designed to be able to perform a wide range of tasks and can be used for various applications such as word processing, internet browsing, gaming, and more. Unlike special purpose computers that are designed for specific tasks, general purpose computers are versatile and can be used for different purposes depending on the software and applications installed on them. Modern computers generally fall under the category of general purpose computers as they are designed to handle a wide range of tasks efficiently.

Napier's Bones are a set of eleven rods with numbers marked on them that are used for logarithms. These rods were invented by John Napier in the 17th century as a tool to simplify mathematical calculations involving multiplication, division, and square roots. Each rod represents a digit and can be arranged to perform complex calculations by aligning the numbers on the rods. This invention greatly facilitated mathematical computations before the advent of calculators and computers.

A hub is a device used to connect UTP cables from one computer to another. It acts as a central connection point for multiple devices in a network, allowing them to communicate with each other. Unlike a router, which is used to connect multiple networks together, a hub simply forwards data packets to all connected devices without any intelligence or filtering. Therefore, in this scenario, a hub would be the correct device to use for connecting UTP cables between computers.

MySQL is the correct answer because it is a widely popular and open-source database system. It is used by many organizations and developers around the world due to its ease of use, scalability, and reliability. MySQL is known for its robustness, high performance, and compatibility with various platforms. It is widely used in web development and is supported by a large community, making it a preferred choice for many developers.

A wireless access point is used to create a wireless LAN. It acts as a central hub that allows devices to connect to a network wirelessly, providing access to the internet or other network resources. It receives and transmits data between wireless devices and a wired network, enabling wireless connectivity within a specific area or location.

A computer network is an interconnection of two or more computers through the use of cables, telephone lines, radio transmitters, or satellites. This allows the computers to communicate and share resources, such as files and printers, with each other. The internet, on the other hand, is a global network of networks that connects millions of computers worldwide. While the internet is a type of computer network, it is not the only type. Therefore, the correct answer is computer network.

Linux is a famous open-source operating system in the world. It is widely used due to its stability, security, and flexibility. Linux is known for its ability to be customized and modified by users according to their needs. It has a large community of developers who contribute to its development and provide support. Linux is favored by many users and organizations for its cost-effectiveness and compatibility with various hardware platforms.