Neurophysiology Skills Quiz

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| By Catherine Halcomb
Catherine Halcomb
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About This Quiz

Do you know that neurophysiology is the study of nerve cells (neurons) as they receive and transmit information? It is a branch of physiology and neuroscience that focuses on the functioning of the nervous system. The word originates from the Greek word νεῦρον meaning "nerve" and -λογία meaning "knowledge".
Test your neurophysiology skills in this quiz and improve your knowledge.

Neurophysiology Skills Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Which of the following is the correct range of frequencies perceived by the human auditory system

    • 20 - 20,000 Hz

    • 10 - 100,000 Hz

    • 20 - 200 Hz

    • 10 - 100 Hz

    Correct Answer
    A. 20 - 20,000 Hz
    Explanation
    The human auditory system is capable of perceiving sound within a range of frequencies. This range is typically between 20 to 20,000 Hz. Frequencies below 20 Hz are considered infrasound and are not typically audible to humans, while frequencies above 20,000 Hz are considered ultrasound and are also not typically audible to humans. Therefore, the correct range of frequencies perceived by the human auditory system is 20 - 20,000 Hz.

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  • 3. 

    The lateral corticospinal tract accounts for _____________ % of voluntary movement, and the anterior corticospinal tract accounts for _______________% of voluntary movement

    • 85%, 15%

    • 50%, 50%

    • 30%, 70%

    • 15%, 85%

    Correct Answer
    A. 85%, 15%
    Explanation
    The lateral corticospinal tract is responsible for 85% of voluntary movement, while the anterior corticospinal tract accounts for 15% of voluntary movement.

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  • 4. 

    Which of the following taste receptors initiate signal transduction by the influx of Na+ ions through a Na+ channel leading the depolarization of the receptor

    • Salty

    • Sour

    • Bitter

    • Sweet

    Correct Answer
    A. Salty
    Explanation
    Salty taste receptors initiate signal transduction by the influx of Na+ ions through a Na+ channel, leading to the depolarization of the receptor. This means that when we taste something salty, the Na+ ions enter the receptor cells through specific channels, causing a change in the electrical charge of the cells. This change in charge triggers a signal that is sent to the brain, allowing us to perceive the salty taste.

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following is the main cell type in the sense of vibration

    • Pacinian corpuscle 

    • Merkel discs

    • Pincus domes

    • Meissner's corpuscle

    Correct Answer
    A. Pacinian corpuscle 
    Explanation
    The main cell type in the sense of vibration is the Pacinian corpuscle. Pacinian corpuscles are specialized nerve endings located in the skin and other tissues. They are responsible for detecting mechanical stimuli, including vibrations. These corpuscles have a layered structure that allows them to detect changes in pressure and transmit signals to the brain, which then interprets them as vibrations. Merkel discs, pincus domes, and Meissner's corpuscles are also types of sensory receptors, but they are not specifically associated with the sense of vibration.

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  • 6. 

    A receptive field mapping of the integumentary system is classified as a _________________

    • Dermatome

    • Halotome

    • Skinotome

    • Desmosome

    Correct Answer
    A. Dermatome
    Explanation
    A receptive field mapping refers to the area of skin that is innervated by a specific sensory nerve. A dermatome is a specific region of skin that is innervated by a single spinal nerve. Therefore, a receptive field mapping of the integumentary system is classified as a dermatome.

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  • 7. 

    What is the major descending motor tract from the motor cortex

    • Corticospinal tract

    • Corticobulbar tract

    • Corticovestibular

    • Who cares

    Correct Answer
    A. Corticospinal tract
    Explanation
    The major descending motor tract from the motor cortex is the corticospinal tract. This tract is responsible for transmitting motor signals from the motor cortex to the spinal cord, which then controls voluntary movements of the body. It is the primary pathway for voluntary motor control and plays a crucial role in coordinating and executing movements. The corticospinal tract is involved in both fine motor control and gross motor movements, making it an essential pathway for motor function.

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  • 8. 

    Which tract is MORE complicated

    • Corticospinal tract

    • Corticobulbar tract

    Correct Answer
    A. Corticobulbar tract
    Explanation
    the corticobulbar tract is more complicated because at most levels it innervated the body bilaterally

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  • 9. 

    In the taste pathway, the 7th, 9th, and 10th cranial nerves all synapse on ______________

    • Solitary nucleus

    • Ganglion nucleus

    • Trigeminal nucleus 

    • Brodmann's area 3, 1, 2

    Correct Answer
    A. Solitary nucleus
    Explanation
    In the taste pathway, the 7th, 9th, and 10th cranial nerves all synapse on the solitary nucleus. The solitary nucleus is a structure located in the medulla oblongata of the brainstem. It receives sensory information related to taste from the facial nerve (7th cranial nerve), glossopharyngeal nerve (9th cranial nerve), and vagus nerve (10th cranial nerve). The synapses in the solitary nucleus allow for the integration and processing of taste information before it is relayed to other areas of the brain for further interpretation and perception of taste.

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  • 10. 

    Which of the following is a reason why our thresholds for some tastes are lower than others

    • Sour and bitter thresholds are lower, making us super sensitive. ---> usually sour and bitter tastes represent harmful foods

    • Sweet and salty thresholds are lower, making us super sensitive ---> usually sweet and salty tastes represent harmful foods

    • Sour and bitter thresholds are lower, making us super insensitive. ---> usually sour and bitter tastes represent beneficial foods

    • Sour and bitter thresholds are the same as sweet and salty --> we love candy

    Correct Answer
    A. Sour and bitter thresholds are lower, making us super sensitive. ---> usually sour and bitter tastes represent harmful foods
    Explanation
    Sour and bitter tastes usually represent harmful foods, so our thresholds for these tastes are lower to make us super sensitive and avoid consuming potentially dangerous substances. This heightened sensitivity helps us detect and avoid potentially harmful foods, ensuring our safety and well-being.

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  • 11. 
    Why is this coronal section so angry??? - ProProfs

    Why is this coronal section so angry???

    • Because its been studying neuro all weekend

    • Because it wants to sleep

    • All of the above are correct

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above are correct
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "all of the above are correct" because both options indicate that the coronal section is angry. The first option suggests that it is angry because it has been studying neuro all weekend, which implies frustration or exhaustion. The second option implies that it is angry because it wants to sleep, indicating irritability due to lack of rest. Since both options provide valid reasons for the coronal section to be angry, the answer is that all of the above are correct.

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  • 12. 

     true or false? in the dorsal column pathway, the primary afferent fibers from the legs do not synapse until the medullary region

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    In the dorsal column pathway, the primary afferent fibers from the legs do not synapse until the medullary region. This means that the sensory information from the legs is transmitted through the dorsal column of the spinal cord without synapsing until it reaches the medulla. This allows for efficient transmission of sensory information and helps maintain the integrity of the sensory signals from the legs.

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  • 13. 

    Fred, a construction worker has impaled by a forklift while on the job, he has no pain sensation in his right leg, however, his touch perception in his right leg is normal which of the following pathways was likely damaged given the above information

    • Left spinothalamic tract

    • Right spinothalamic tract

    • Left medial lemniscus tract

    • Right medial lemniscus tract

    Correct Answer
    A. Left spinothalamic tract
    Explanation
    The left spinothalamic tract is likely damaged because it carries pain sensation from the right leg to the brain. Since Fred has no pain sensation in his right leg, it suggests that the pathway responsible for transmitting pain signals from the right leg to the brain is damaged. The other options, right spinothalamic tract, left medial lemniscus tract, and right medial lemniscus tract, are not likely to be damaged based on the given information.

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  • 14. 

    Which direction would the stereocilia of the vestibule ampulla need to be bent in order to depolarize the hair cell?  

    • Towards the kinocilia

    • Away from the kinocilia

    • Towards the ampulla

    • Towards the semicircular canals

    Correct Answer
    A. Towards the kinocilia
    Explanation
    The stereocilia of the vestibule ampulla would need to be bent towards the kinocilia in order to depolarize the hair cell. This is because the kinocilia is the tallest cilium and bending the stereocilia towards it would cause the opening of ion channels, leading to depolarization of the hair cell.

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  • 15. 

    What percentage of information contained within the corticospinal and corticobulbar tract is from the premotor cortex

    • ~30%

    • ~70%

    • ~3%

    • ~10%

    Correct Answer
    A. ~30%
    Explanation
    Approximately 30% of the information contained within the corticospinal and corticobulbar tract is from the premotor cortex. This suggests that a significant portion of the information related to motor control and movement planning originates from the premotor cortex. The remaining percentage is likely contributed by other regions of the brain involved in motor control, indicating a distributed network responsible for motor function.

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  • 16. 
    The pathway in RED is indicating which of the following pathways  - ProProfs

    The pathway in RED is indicating which of the following pathways 

    • Spinocerebellar pathway

    • Cuneocerebellar pathway

    • Spinothalamic pathway

    • Trigeminothalamic pathway

    Correct Answer
    A. Spinocerebellar pathway
    Explanation
    The pathway in red is indicating the spinocerebellar pathway. This pathway is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the muscles and joints to the cerebellum, which plays a crucial role in coordinating and fine-tuning movements. The spinocerebellar pathway is involved in proprioception, allowing the brain to receive information about the position and movement of the body.

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  • 17. 

    What neurotransmitter do hair cells use

    • Glutamate

    • GABA

    • Acetylcholine

    • Glycine

    Correct Answer
    A. Glutamate
    Explanation
    Hair cells in the inner ear use the neurotransmitter glutamate. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals between nerve cells. Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, including the auditory system. When sound waves stimulate hair cells, they release glutamate, which then binds to receptors on the auditory nerve fibers, initiating the transmission of auditory information to the brain. This neurotransmitter plays a crucial role in the process of hearing and auditory perception.

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  • 18. 

    Which of the following is in the correct order for the perceptual taste pathway beginning from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

    • CN IX --> solitary nucleus --> VPM of thalamus --> lateral surface of parietal cortex brodmanns # 3,1,2

    • CN X --> solitary nucleus --> VML of thalamus --> medial surface of parietal cortex brodmanns # 44

    • CN VII --> Chorda tympani --> solitary nucleus --> VPM of thalamus --> lateral surface of cortex brodmanns #3,2,1

    • Inferior ganglion of CN IX --> solitary nucleus ---> salivary nuclei (CN VII, IX)

    Correct Answer
    A. CN IX --> solitary nucleus --> VPM of thalamus --> lateral surface of parietal cortex brodmanns # 3,1,2
    Explanation
    the posterior 1/3 of the tongue is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) --> the signal passes through the inferior ganglion of CN IX but remains in CN IX (think of it as a checkpoint) --> the signal then passes to the solitary nucleus --> ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus then the the primary sensory cortex

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  • 19. 

    True or false? taste receptors are incapable of producing an action potential 

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    taste receptors can undergo membrane depolarization but this is not an action potential

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  • 20. 

    Which of the following is the first synapse in the trigeminothalamic pathway

    • Trigeminal nucleus

    • Trochlear nucleus

    • Thalamic nucleus

    • Cuneate nucleus

    Correct Answer
    A. Trigeminal nucleus
    Explanation
    The trigeminal nucleus is the first synapse in the trigeminothalamic pathway. This nucleus receives sensory information from the trigeminal nerve, which carries sensory information from the face, head, and oral cavity. The trigeminal nucleus then relays this information to the thalamus, which is the next structure in the pathway. The trochlear nucleus is involved in eye movement, the thalamic nucleus is a general term for the different nuclei within the thalamus, and the cuneate nucleus is involved in the sensation of touch and proprioception from the upper body.

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  • 21. 

    How many organs of Corti does the human cochlea have?

    • 1

    • 2

    • 3

    • 5

    Correct Answer
    A. 1
    Explanation
    the organ of corti is a spiral structure, there is only one that is continuous throughout the entire length of the cochlea

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  • 22. 

    In the cochlea; two different sound waves with differing amplitudes are incident on two different ears, by which mechanism are we able to tell which sound is louder

    • The higher the amplitude the more vibration of the basilar membrane, the more movement of the basilar membrane the more NTs released by the hair cells and the greater # of action potentials generated by the spiral ganglia

    • The higher the amplitude the further from the base the basilar membrane is stimulated resulting in a "louder signal sent to the spiral ganglia

    • The lower the amplitude the more vibration of the basilar membrane, the more movement of the basilar membrane the more NTs released by the hair cells and the greater # of action potentials generated by the spiral ganglia

    Correct Answer
    A. The higher the amplitude the more vibration of the basilar membrane, the more movement of the basilar membrane the more NTs released by the hair cells and the greater # of action potentials generated by the spiral ganglia
    Explanation
    When two different sound waves with differing amplitudes are incident on two different ears in the cochlea, the mechanism that allows us to determine which sound is louder is based on the response of the basilar membrane. The higher the amplitude of the sound wave, the more the basilar membrane vibrates. This increased movement of the basilar membrane leads to the release of more neurotransmitters (NTs) by the hair cells and a greater number of action potentials generated by the spiral ganglia. Therefore, the sound with the higher amplitude will result in a stronger signal being sent to the spiral ganglia, indicating that it is louder.

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  • 23. 

    FUN FACT Q: dogs have _________x more olfactory epithelium than humans and can smell ________  

    • 20; 7 miles away

    • 5; 7 feet away

    • 20; 7 minutes away

    • 5; 7 miles away

    Correct Answer
    A. 20; 7 miles away
    Explanation
    Dogs have 20 times more olfactory epithelium than humans, which allows them to have a much stronger sense of smell. This heightened sense of smell enables them to detect scents from a much greater distance, such as 7 miles away.

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  • 24. 

    Olfactory receptor cells, transduce a signal via:

    • A second messenger system and is slower than other systems

    • Primary messenger system and is faster than other systems

    • Graded membrane potential and is faster than other systems 

    • Na+/K+ channels and is slower than other systems 

    Correct Answer
    A. A second messenger system and is slower than other systems
    Explanation
    Olfactory receptor cells transduce a signal via a second messenger system, which means that the signal is not directly transmitted to the brain but instead relies on the activation of secondary messengers within the cell. This process is slower compared to other systems that use a primary messenger system, where the signal is directly transmitted to the brain. Additionally, the use of a second messenger system is slower than systems that rely on graded membrane potential or Na+/K+ channels for signal transduction.

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  • 25. 

    The thalamus is the major source of sensory information to the primary sensory cortex for all senses

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    the olfactory pathway does not have a direct connection to the thalamus,. the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus collects information from the olfactory cortex in the parahippocampal gyrus and projects information back to the parahippocampal gyrus

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  • 26. 

    The ventroposterior lateral nucleus receives information from the ______________, the ventroposterior medial nucleus receives information from the____________

    • Body, head

    • Head, body

    • Body, body

    • Head, head

    Correct Answer
    A. Body, head
    Explanation
    The ventroposterior lateral nucleus receives information from the body, while the ventroposterior medial nucleus receives information from the head.

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  • 27. 

    In the cochlea; hair cells near the base are specialized for _________________, while hair cells near the apex are specialized for _____________________

    • High frequencies; low frequencies

    • Low frequencies; high frequencies

    • High amplitudes; low amplitudes

    • Low amplitudes; high amplitudes

    Correct Answer
    A. High frequencies; low frequencies
    Explanation
    The cochlea is a spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain. The hair cells within the cochlea play a crucial role in this process. Hair cells near the base of the cochlea are specialized for detecting high-frequency sounds, as they respond best to rapid vibrations. On the other hand, hair cells near the apex of the cochlea are specialized for detecting low-frequency sounds, as they respond better to slower vibrations. Therefore, the correct answer is high frequencies; low frequencies.

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  • 28. 

    Which of the following taste receptors initiate signal transduction by the binding of an H+ ion to a leaky K+ channel, closing it. leading to depolarization of the receptor cell

    • Sour

    • Sweet

    • Salty

    • Bitter

    Correct Answer
    A. Sour
    Explanation
    Sour taste receptors initiate signal transduction by the binding of an H+ ion to a leaky K+ channel, closing it. This closure of the K+ channel leads to depolarization of the receptor cell.

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  • 29. 

    The cerebellum needs proprioceptive input from the body to produce

    • Smooth , voluntary muscular movements

    • Fast muscular movements

    • Reflex movements

    • Involuntary movements

    Correct Answer
    A. Smooth , voluntary muscular movements
    Explanation
    without information to the cerebellum, muscle movements would be erratic and "not smooth"

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  • 30. 

    In the spinothalamic pathway decussation occurs ________________. in the medial lemiscus pathway, decussation occurs ____________

    • At vertebral level of stimulus, in the medulla

    • In the medulla, at the vertebral level of the stimulus 

    • In the medulla, in the medulla

    • In the brain, in the spinal cord

    Correct Answer
    A. At vertebral level of stimulus, in the medulla
    Explanation
    In the spinothalamic pathway, decussation occurs at the vertebral level of the stimulus, in the medulla. This means that the nerve fibers carrying sensory information from the opposite side of the body cross over to the other side of the spinal cord at the same level where the stimulus is received. Once the fibers reach the medulla, they continue to ascend towards the brain for further processing. This pattern of decussation allows for the integration of sensory information from both sides of the body in the brain.

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  • 31. 

    Which of the following is NOT a unique characteristic of the sensory olfactory system

    • Information is sent to the cortex first then the thalamus 

    • Receptor cell is a neuron

    • Only two cell in the pathway

    • Information is sent to the thalamus first, then the cortex

    Correct Answer
    A. Information is sent to the thalamus first, then the cortex
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "information is sent to the thalamus first, then the cortex." This is not a unique characteristic of the sensory olfactory system. In most sensory systems, including the olfactory system, information is first sent to the thalamus and then to the cortex. This is known as the thalamocortical pathway. Therefore, this characteristic is not unique to the olfactory system.

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  • 32. 

    Muscle spindles sense ___________________, and contain group ___________ fibers

    • Stretch, Ia and II

    • Tension, Ia and II

    • Stretch, II and III

    • Tension, II and III

    Correct Answer
    A. Stretch, Ia and II
    Explanation
    Muscle spindles are sensory receptors located within muscles that detect changes in muscle length or stretch. They contain two types of nerve fibers, Ia and II, which transmit information about muscle stretch to the central nervous system. Therefore, the correct answer is "stretch, Ia and II."

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  • 33. 

    In the cochlea; scala tympani is filled with ________________, scala media is filled with ______________, and scala media is filled with __________________

    • Perilymph, endolymph, perilymph

    • Endolymph, perilymph, endolymph

    • Endolymph, perilymph, perilymph

    • Perilymph, perilymph, endolymph

    Correct Answer
    A. Perilymph, endolymph, perilymph
    Explanation
    In the cochlea, the scala tympani is filled with perilymph, which is a fluid similar to cerebrospinal fluid. The scala media is filled with endolymph, a fluid rich in potassium ions. Lastly, the scala vestibuli is filled with perilymph, which helps transmit sound vibrations through the cochlea.

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  • 34. 

    In the cochlea, movement of the hairs in the tectorial membrane opens ________________ channels leading to depolarization of the hair cell

    • K+

    • Na+

    • Ca2+

    • Cl-

    Correct Answer
    A. K+
    Explanation
    In the cochlea, movement of the hairs in the tectorial membrane opens potassium (K+) channels leading to depolarization of the hair cell. These K+ channels are responsible for allowing the flow of positively charged potassium ions into the hair cell, which leads to depolarization and the generation of an electrical signal. This signal is then transmitted to the brain for further processing and interpretation of sound.

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  • 35. 

    Damage to the vestibulo-cerebellar pathway can result in which of the following ocular motility dysfunctions

    • Nystagmus

    • Cranial nerve palsy

    • Exotropia

    • Levator dehiscence 

    Correct Answer
    A. Nystagmus
    Explanation
    Damage to the vestibulo-cerebellar pathway can result in nystagmus. The vestibulo-cerebellar pathway is responsible for maintaining balance and coordinating eye movements. Nystagmus is an involuntary, rhythmic oscillation of the eyes and can occur when there is a disruption in the normal functioning of this pathway. This disruption can lead to abnormal eye movements, including horizontal, vertical, or rotary nystagmus.

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  • 36. 

    Which of the following is the correct order for the taste pathway beginning at the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

    • Chorda Tympani --> CN VII --> solitary nucleus --> VPM of thalamus --> lateral surface of parietal cortex broadmann's #3,1,2

    • Chorda tympani --> CN XI --> solitary nucleus --> VPM of thalamus --> lateral surface of parietal cortex broadmann's #3,1,2

    • Chorda tympani --> CN X --> solitary nucleus --> VPM of thalamus --> lateral surface of parietal cortex broadmann's #3,1,2

    • Geniculate ganglion --> CN VII --> solitary nucleus--> VPM of thalamus --> lateral surface of parietal cortex broadmann's #3,1,2

    Correct Answer
    A. Chorda Tympani --> CN VII --> solitary nucleus --> VPM of thalamus --> lateral surface of parietal cortex broadmann's #3,1,2
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Chorda Tympani -> CN VII -> solitary nucleus -> VPM of thalamus -> lateral surface of parietal cortex Broadmann's #3,1,2. This pathway begins with the Chorda Tympani nerve, which is a branch of the facial nerve (CN VII), carrying taste information from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue. The taste information then travels to the solitary nucleus, a structure in the brainstem, before being relayed to the VPM (ventral posteromedial) nucleus of the thalamus. Finally, the taste information is transmitted to the lateral surface of the parietal cortex, specifically the areas known as Broadmann's #3,1,2, where taste perception occurs.

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  • 37. 

    What are 2 representative characteristics that you see in the receptors responsible for fine descrimative touch (choose 2)

    • Small in size

    • Found near the surface of the skin

    • Found deep in the dermis

    • Found on the surface

    • Large in size 

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Small in size
    A. Found near the surface of the skin
    Explanation
    The receptors responsible for fine discriminative touch are small in size and found near the surface of the skin. This allows them to detect subtle changes in touch and provide detailed sensory information. Receptors that are deep in the dermis or on the surface may not be as sensitive to fine touch or may detect different types of stimuli. Additionally, large receptors are typically associated with detecting pressure or vibration rather than fine touch.

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  • 38. 

    In the presence of a loud noise, hair cells that respond to ________________________ are damaged first

    • High frequencies

    • Low frequencies

    • High amplitudes

    • Low amplitudes

    Correct Answer
    A. High frequencies
    Explanation
    In the presence of a loud noise, hair cells that respond to high frequencies are damaged first. This is because high frequencies have a shorter wavelength and higher energy compared to low frequencies. When exposed to a loud noise, the high-frequency vibrations cause more intense and rapid movement of the hair cells, leading to their damage. Low frequencies, on the other hand, have longer wavelengths and lower energy, resulting in less damage to the hair cells. High amplitudes and low amplitudes refer to the intensity or loudness of the sound, which can affect the overall damage to the hair cells but do not specifically target high-frequency hair cells.

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  • 39. 

    Select the 3 cell types found WITHIN a taste bud

    • Receptor cell

    • Supporting cells

    • Basal cells 

    • Wing cells

    • Stem cells

    • Neuronal cells

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Receptor cell
    A. Supporting cells
    A. Basal cells 
    Explanation
    the taste bud contains 3 cell types
    basal cells - proliferating
    supporting cells - hold everything in place
    receptor cells - functional unit
    the receptor cell does have connections to the dendrites of a nerve cell but the neuron is not WITHIN the taste bud

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  • 40. 

    Regarding pain and temperature; all information from the free nerve endings must pass through the _____________ prior to synapse in the spinal cord

    • Dorsal root ganglion

    • Ventral root ganglion

    • Spinothalamic tract

    • Trigeminothalamic tract

    Correct Answer
    A. Dorsal root ganglion
    Explanation
    the cell body of the free nerve endings is the dorsal root ganglion, information must pass through the cell body

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  • 41. 

    Which of the following are the class of primary afferent nerves in the taste pathway?

    • III

    • IV

    • II

    • Ia

    • Ib

    Correct Answer
    A. III
    Explanation
    group III nerves are small myelinated nerves... slow conduction (but faster than IV)

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  • 42. 

    True or false? in the temperature and pain perception pathway; there is a specific range of temperatures that excite specific receptors for all areas of temperature, thus no areas of overlap

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    there are areas of overlap in temperature sensation. which is why we are very sensitive to temperature changes

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  • 43. 

    Thresholds for touch and temperature are very _____________, thresholds for pain are very __________

    • Low, high

    • High, low

    • Low, low

    • High, high

    Correct Answer
    A. Low, high
    Explanation
    we are quite sensitive to touch thus our thresholds are low (same for temp), however we are not very sensitive to pain thus thresholds are high

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  • 44. 

    Which of the following is the correct sequence of the spinocerebellar tract

    • Proprioceptive info from the right leg --> right clarke's nucleus --> right spinocerebellar tract --> vermis of cerebellum

    • Proprioceptive info from the right leg --> left clarke's nucleus --> left spinocerebellar tract --> vermis of cerebellum

    • Proprioceptive info from the right leg --> right clarke's nucleus --> left spinocerebellar tract --> vermis of cerebellum

    • Proprioceptive info from the left leg --> right clarke's nucleus --> right spinocerebellar tract --> vermis of cerebellum

    Correct Answer
    A. Proprioceptive info from the right leg --> right clarke's nucleus --> right spinocerebellar tract --> vermis of cerebellum
    Explanation
    the spinocerebellar tract is unique in 2 ways #1) there are only 2 cells in the pathway, #2) the information remains ipsilateral

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  • 45. 

    In the auditory pathway, bilateral cochlear nuclear project axons to the inferior colliculus through the

    • Lateral lemniscus

    • Medial lemniscus

    • Spinocerebellar tract

    • Cuneovestibular tract

    Correct Answer
    A. Lateral lemniscus
    Explanation
    In the auditory pathway, the bilateral cochlear nuclear project axons to the inferior colliculus through the lateral lemniscus. The lateral lemniscus is a bundle of nerve fibers that carries auditory information from the cochlear nucleus to the inferior colliculus. It plays a crucial role in the processing and transmission of sound signals in the brain. The other options listed, such as the medial lemniscus, spinocerebellar tract, and cuneovestibular tract, are not directly involved in the auditory pathway and do not carry auditory information.

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  • 46. 

    Regarding the utricle and saccule; reverse movement sensed by the otolitic membrane-embedded hair cells leads to___________

    • Hyperpolarization and reduced number of action potentials

    • Depolarization and increase in the number of action potentials

    • Hyperpolarization and increased number of action potentials

    • Depolarization and decreased numbed of action potentials 

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyperpolarization and reduced number of action potentials
    Explanation
    When the otolithic membrane-embedded hair cells in the utricle and saccule sense reverse movement, it leads to hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization is a decrease in the cell's membrane potential, making it more negative. This change in membrane potential reduces the likelihood of the hair cells generating action potentials, resulting in a reduced number of action potentials being produced.

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  • 47. 

    In terms of sound energy, for every 3 decibels of change, the energy of that sound

    • Stays the same

    • Doubles

    • Triples

    • Quadruples

    Correct Answer
    A. Doubles
    Explanation
    In terms of sound energy, the relationship between decibels and energy is logarithmic. For every 3 decibels of change, the energy of the sound doubles. This means that if the decibel level increases by 3, the sound energy will double. Similarly, if the decibel level decreases by 3, the sound energy will be halved. Therefore, the correct answer is doubles.

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  • 48. 

    The middle ear increases the amplitude of a sound wave by a total of ___________, the lever action of the ossicular bone contribute to _________________, and the high amount of energy produced by the tympanic membrane and concentrated on the oval window accounts for ________________

    • 22x, 1.3x, 17x

    • 47.5x, 2.5x, 19x

    • 1.3x, 22x, 17x

    • 17x, 1.3x 19x

    Correct Answer
    A. 22x, 1.3x, 17x
    Explanation
    The middle ear increases the amplitude of a sound wave by a total of 22x, meaning it amplifies the sound wave by a factor of 22. The lever action of the ossicular bone contributes to a further amplification of 1.3x. The high amount of energy produced by the tympanic membrane and concentrated on the oval window accounts for an additional amplification of 17x.

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  • 49. 

    Unrolled, the human cochlea is approximately ___________ long

    • 35mm

    • 35cm

    • 3mm

    • 13mm

    Correct Answer
    A. 35mm
    Explanation
    The human cochlea, when unrolled, is approximately 35mm long. This is the correct answer because the cochlea is a spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain. When unrolled, it resembles a tube-like structure, and its length is approximately 35mm.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 22, 2023 +

Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Apr 19, 2021
    Quiz Created by
    Catherine Halcomb
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