Police And Investigative Psychology

Explanation
The MMPI-2 (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2) is the most commonly used psychological assessment instrument to evaluate the emotional and general psychological suitability of police officers. It is a well-established and widely recognized tool that measures various personality traits and psychopathology. Its extensive research base and standardized scoring make it a reliable and valid instrument for assessing individuals' psychological functioning. The MMPI-2 provides valuable insights into an individual's personality characteristics, potential mental health issues, and suitability for a career in law enforcement.

Explanation
The correct answer is "screening-out". This process refers to the action of eliminating or excluding individuals who exhibit significant psychopathology from the pool of police applicants. It involves assessing the psychological well-being and stability of potential candidates to ensure that only those who meet the required mental health standards are selected for further consideration.

Explanation
Situational testing is a testing procedure that puts police applicants into simulated law enforcement conditions that they may encounter on the job. This type of testing allows the applicants to demonstrate their ability to handle various situations and make appropriate decisions in a controlled environment. It helps assess their problem-solving skills, judgment, and ability to handle stress and pressure, which are crucial for a career in law enforcement. The other options, such as the Rorschach, context testing, and simulated conflict testing, do not accurately describe this specific testing procedure.

Explanation
Profiling is not a frequent investigative activity of police psychologists. This means that police psychologists do not commonly engage in profiling as part of their investigative work. While profiling may be well accepted and widely used in other fields, it is not a commonly used technique among police psychologists.

Explanation
Dynamic risk factors refer to factors that can change over time and are subject to modification through intervention. Attitudes, values, and beliefs are all examples of internal factors that can be influenced and modified through various interventions. Ethnic background, on the other hand, is a static factor that cannot be changed and therefore cannot be considered a dynamic risk factor.

Explanation
A crime scene showing that the offender committed the crime without premeditation or planning is called a disorganized crime scene. In a disorganized crime scene, there is typically a lack of control and order, with evidence scattered and chaotic. The offender may display impulsive and unpredictable behavior, leaving behind a messy and unstructured crime scene. This type of crime scene suggests that the offender acted spontaneously and without a clear plan.