Git Pharmacology MCQs Quiz Questions And Answers

39 Questions | By Ferna | Last updated: Jul 24, 2022 | Total Attempts: 3895

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Are you a student of pharmacy? Can you answer all these GIT pharmacology MCQs questions and answers asked here in the quiz below? Give it a try and check your knowledge of GIT terms, causes, and treatments of various GIT disorders. GIT stands for the gastrointestinal tract and is defined as the system of organs that food and liquids travel through after consumption, digestion of food, and excretion of waste in the form of fecal matter. Take this quiz and learn more about the gastrointestinal tract.

Questions and Answers

1.

Decreased colonic activity may be due to:
- A.
  
  Drugs
- B.
  
  High bulk diet
- C.
  
  Depression, confusional states
- D.
  
  Various local conditions including carcinoma
- E.
  
  Old age, immobility
2.

Drugs that cause obstipation:
- A.
  
  Anticholinergic agents
- B.
  
  Ca channel antagonists
- C.
  
  Opioids
- D.
  
  Tricyclic antidepressants
- E.
  
  Muscarinic agonists
3.

Plant fiber (a laxative, purgative)
- A.
  
  Increases the bulk of the stools
- B.
  
  Increases the bowel transit time
- C.
  
  Slowly distends the wall of the colon
- D.
  
  Increases the effective caloric content of the diet
- E.
  
  Takes up water and swells
4.

Lactulose
- A.
  
  Is a monosaccharide
- B.
  
  Is broken down in the small intestine by bacteria
- C.
  
  Is broken down to unabsorbed organic anions which retain fluid
- D.
  
  Produces laxative effects after 2-3 hours
- E.
  
  Is of particular value in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy
5.

Lactulose is of particular value in the treatment of encephalopathy:
- A.
  
  As it discourages the proliferation of ammonia producing organisms
- B.
  
  As it decreases the absorption of ammonia
- C.
  
  As it decreases chronic portal hypertension
- D.
  
  As it acidifies the stools
- E.
  
  As it improves functions of CNS after absorption from the GIT
6.

Magnesium sulfate
- A.
  
  Is a laxative which acts within 1-2 days
- B.
  
  Dilates the gallbladder and relaxes the sphincter of Oddi
- C.
  
  Increases the secretion of cholecystokinin
- D.
  
  Increases gastric, intestinal and pancreatic secretion
- E.
  
  Should be given in dilute solution to a fasting individual
7.

Glycosides of senna:
- A.
  
  Their laxative effect is limited mainly to the large intestine
- B.
  
  Naturally occuring glycosides are completely absorbed from the gut
- C.
  
  After absorption they are secreted in the bile, breast milk and colon
- D.
  
  Prior to absorption Senna glycosides are hydrolyzed to active principles
- E.
  
  Their hydrolysis into the sennosides A and B is due to colonic bacteria
8.

Senna alcaloids (anthraquinones, the sennosides A and B)
- A.
  
  Act directly on the intramucosal plexus of the gut wall
- B.
  
  Take about 8 minutes to produce an effect
- C.
  
  Should not be given to pregnant women
- D.
  
  Should not be given to nursing mothers
- E.
  
  Can induce diarrhea with excessive loss of water and electrolytes
9.

Glycerol (in the form of rectal suppositories)
- A.
  
  Is useful if a rapid effect is required
- B.
  
  Acts as a rectal stimulant due to local irritant action
- C.
  
  Cannot be used in children
- D.
  
  Rectal suppositories promote colonic evacuation in 30 minutes
- E.
  
  Exerts severe diarrhea with loss of water and electrolytes
10.

Changes after prolonged use of laxatives:
- A.
  
  The colon becomes dilated and atonic
- B.
  
  The colon exerts increased activity
- C.
  
  Sodium depletion can be induced (hypotension, secondary aldosteronism)
- D.
  
  Hyperkalemia can be induced (weakness, polyuria)
- E.
  
  Changes are due to prolonged use of stimulant laxatives
11.

In the treatment of acute diarrhea
- A.
  
  Antibiotics are best avoided in non-pathogenic diarrhea
- B.
  
  Antibiotics are best avoided in viral gastroenteritis
- C.
  
  Oral rehydration should be used for initial therapy
- D.
  
  Electrolytes and glucose should be supplemented for initial therapy
- E.
  
  Oral rehydration and electrolytes supplementation are required particularly in children and in the elderly
12.

In patients with diarrhea the following can be used:
- A.
  
  Antibiotics to treat systemic illness
- B.
  
  Antibiotics in evidence of bacterial infection
- C.
  
  Antidiarrheal drugs decreasing intestinal transit time
- D.
  
  Antidiarrheal drugs increasing bulk and viscosity of the gut contents
- E.
  
  Opioids, antimuscarinics
13.

Drugs increasing intestinal transit time are:
- A.
  
  Codeine (an opioid)
- B.
  
  Morphine (an opioid)
- C.
  
  Loperamide
- D.
  
  Diphenoxylate
- E.
  
  Fysostigmin
14.

Peptic ulcer disease
- A.
  
  Is a chronic disorder
- B.
  
  Characterized by frequent recurrences
- C.
  
  Comprises duodenal and peptic ulcers
- D.
  
  The incidence of duodenal ulcers is four to five times lower than that of gastric ulcer
- E.
  
  Affects approximately 50% of the population
15.

These are major factors of known importance for the etiology of ulceration:
- A.
  
  Acid-pepsin secretion
- B.
  
  Mucosal resistance to attack by acid and pepsin
- C.
  
  The age
- D.
  
  Effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- E.
  
  The presence of Helicobacter pylori
16.

Acid secretion
- A.
  
  Is produced by endocrine cells in the gastric antrum cells
- B.
  
  Is stimulated by gastrin
- C.
  
  Is inhibited by acetylcholine
- D.
  
  Is inhibited by histamine
- E.
  
  Is stimulated by prostaglandin E
17.

Prostaglandin E2
- A.
  
  Is the principal prostaglandin synthesized in the stomach
- B.
  
  Is an important gastroprotective mediator
- C.
  
  Inhibits secretion of acid
- D.
  
  Inhibits secretion of protective mucus
- E.
  
  Causes vasoconstriction of submucosal layer
18.

Mucus layer is impaired by
- A.
  
  Bicarbonate
- B.
  
  Milk
- C.
  
  Bile
- D.
  
  Ethanol
- E.
  
  Salicylates
19.

Helicobacter pylori
- A.
  
  Is a bacterium strongly linked to the development of gastric ulcer
- B.
  
  Is usually found in the gastric antrum
- C.
  
  Cannot colonize other areas of stomach and patches of gastric metaplasia on the duodenum
- D.
  
  Is a common cause of antral gastritis
- E.
  
  May alleviate symptoms in dyspeptic patients
20.

Helicobacter pylori
- A.
  
  Is present in the stomach of 5% of patients with duodenal ulcer
- B.
  
  Clearance of H.pylori in ulcer patients is accompanied by a reduced rate of relapse
- C.
  
  Its reappearance is associated with recurrent ulceration
- D.
  
  Antral gastritis (caused by H.p.) is closely associated with duodenal ulcer
- E.
  
  Cannot by eradicated using antibiotics
21.

Principles of ulcer management:
- A.
  
  Symptomatic relief
- B.
  
  Promotion of ulcer healing
- C.
  
  Prevention of reccurence once healing has occured
- D.
  
  Prevention of complication
- E.
  
  Surgical approach
22.

General management of peptic ulcer disease:
- A.
  
  Bed rest
- B.
  
  Stopping smoking
- C.
  
  Avoidance of strong coffee or tea
- D.
  
  Avoidance of alcohol and non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs
- E.
  
  Drug therapy of peptic ulcer
23.

Healing of ulcers shoud be confirmed by:
- A.
  
  Increased activity of AST, ALT
- B.
  
  Repeat endoscopy
- C.
  
  Decrease in creatininemia
- D.
  
  Increase in natremia
- E.
  
  Biopsy is recommended to exclude malignancy in the case of gastric ulcer.
24.

Antacids:
- A.
  
  React with gastric acid to form a neutral salt
- B.
  
  Produce prompt pain relief
- C.
  
  Are very effective at healing duodenal ulcer
- D.
  
  Are very effective at healing gastric ulcers
- E.
  
  Its effect on acid secretion lasts for long (5 hours)
25.

Antacids involve:
- A.
  
  Sodium bicarbonate
- B.
  
  Magnesium salts (oxide, trisilicate, hydroxide)
- C.
  
  Cimetidine
- D.
  
  Sucralfate
- E.
  
  Aluminium salts (hydroxide, phosphate, glycinate)