Pharm MT 1 Part II

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1/25 Questions

Blood from the mesenteric circulation (GI tract) passed through the_______ before entering other organs.

About This Quiz

Principles of Pharm (Pgs. 9-18)

2.

The administration technique which bypasses/avoids use of the ___________ for medication absorption is called Parenteral.

Explanation
Examples include: intra-thecal (spine), intra-arterial, intra-cardiac, intra-venous, subcutaneous, intramuscluar

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3.

Drugs administered ________ reach maximum serum concentration rapidly compared to drugs administered by many other routes.

Explanation
Topical creams have a very low absorption rate. Eye drops have a lower absorption than IV, but higher than topical creams.

pg. 16

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4.

25-50 mg of oral metoprolol has the same minimum effective dose in the serum as 2.5-5 mg of IV metoprolol.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Oral metoprolol goes through the liver and is reduced by approx 10x by the time it reaches the serum. IV metoprolol bypasses the liver and therefore the administered dose is the same as the effective dose in the serum.
(pg. 9)

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5.

Which of the following drugs was presented as an example for having poor drug stability when taken orally.
- Vigamox
- Dicloxacillin
- Insulin
- Catapress
Correct Answer

A. Insulin

Explanation

Drugs such as insulin which are denatured by acid are not effective when administered orally bc they may be destroyed in the low pH environment of the stomach.

pg. 9

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6.

Which of the following is FALSE in regard to oral drug administration?
- One of the easiest routes for pts to dose themselves
- Should be acid-stable
- Should not be absorbed by the intestinal lining in order to enter bloodstream
- Intestinal peristalsis can affect the absorption
Correct Answer

A. Should not be absorbed by the intestinal lining in order to enter bloodstream

Explanation

Oral agents SHOULD be able to be absorbed and passed through the intestinal lining in order to enter the bloodstream

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7.

Which of the following is NOT considered a topical form of drug administration?
- Ophthalmic
- Sublingual
- Dermatologic
- Nasal
- Otic
Correct Answer

A. Sublingual

Explanation

Topical drug administration includes: opthalmic, dermatologic, nasal, vaginal, otic (ear), inhalation

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8.

The half life of a drug often relates to:
- Duration of action
- Onset of action
- Distribution phase
- Therapeutic range
Correct Answer

A. Duration of action

Explanation

Drug metabolism and excretion also relate to duration of action...if there is an abnormal issue with the metabolism or excretion of a drug, the half life will be LONGER (duration of action will be longer).

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9.

Legible, clear notice of the condition for which a drug or device is being prescribed is legally necessary when writing a Rx
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

This is only required if requested by the patient

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10.

How can one determine when steady state is reached for an continuous infusion, based on analyzing a drug serum concentration graph?
- Drug concentration will "flat line"
- Drug concentration peaks and troughs will be equal
- Drug concentration will show steady increase
- More than one of the above
Correct Answer

A. Drug concentration will "flat line"

Explanation

For continuous infusion, steady state is indicated by a flat (horizontal) drug concentration (see pg. 17 top graph)

For intermittent dose, steady state is indicated when the peaks/troughs are equal in amplitude

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11.

Another name for intermittent IV administration is "piggyback"
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

pg. 11

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12.

The optimum recommended dosage frequency of many drugs is often (but not always) determined to be _______ times the half life.
- 1-2
- 2-3
- 3-4
- 4-5
Correct Answer

A. 2-3
13.

The abbreviation for sublingual administration is SL
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The National Patient Safety Guidelines discourages the use of SL as an abbrev due to the potential for being mistaken as SC (subcutaneous).

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14.

If the dose of a drug is 100 mg (assume 100% bioavailability) and the half life is 8 hours, how many half-lifes will it take for less than 2 mg of the drug to still be circulating the serum?
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
Correct Answer

A. 6
15.

Azithromycin, concentrates ________ and after several doses its half life ___________.
- Intracellularly; decreases
- Extracellularly; decreases
- Extracellularly; increases
- Intracellularly; increases
Correct Answer

A. Intracellularly; increases

Explanation

Azithromycin tablets has a rapid and wide distribution throughout the body and concentrates intracellularly. The half life after a single dose is 11-14 hour, but after several doses the half life increases to 2-4 days.

(pg. 16)

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16.

Sublingual drug administration uses percutaneous absorption through the mouth and gums
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

This is the definition of buccal drug administration (not directly in notes, but I had it written in the margin)

Sublingual: meds placed under the tongue for absorb. into the bloodstream thru sublingual capillaries

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17.

Both continuous infusion and single doses will eventually reach a steady state after 4-5 half lives.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Single Dose serum concentration rises as the drug is distributed in the circulation. However, because only one dose is administered, the serum concentration decreases as the drug is distributed in the body and then eliminated.

Continuous Infusion serum concentration of the drug will reach steady state after 4-5 haf lives.

(pg. 16-17)

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18.

Check ALL the correct matches
- T.I.D. = two times per day
- Ung = ointment
- Qs = one half
- Tab = tablet
- Sig = significant warnings
- Dr = drop(s)
Correct Answer(s)

A. Ung = ointment
A. Tab = tablet

Explanation

T.I.D. = three times per day (B.I.D. = two times per day)
qs = up to
Sig = directions or "label as"
qtt = drops

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19.

Check off ALL the options that are required on an Rx label.
- Patient address
- Refills
- Date of birth
- Dr's license classification
- Directions for use
Correct Answer(s)

A. Patient address
A. Dr's license classification
A. Directions for use
20.

Choose ALL that apply to the formulation of drugs.
- Capability of the drug to pass through one or more barriers in the body
- Adverse effects of the drug
- Intended use of the drug
- Clinical situation
- Potential misuse of the drug
- First pass effect
- Drug stability
Correct Answer(s)

A. Capability of the drug to pass through one or more barriers in the body
A. Intended use of the drug
A. Clinical situation
A. First pass effect
A. Drug stability
21.

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate match?
- Aa = of each
- QD = once a day
- Supp = supplemental
- U.D. = as directed
- None of the above (they are all correct)
- More than one of the above is incorrect
Correct Answer

A. More than one of the above is incorrect

Explanation

qD should never be used for 'once a day'...instead qDay should be used

supp = suppository (not supplemental)

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22.

Indicate which drugs have a high first pass effect according to lecture.
- Metoprolol
- Mannitol
- Beta blockers
Correct Answer(s)

A. Metoprolol
A. Beta blockers

Explanation

not directly in notes, but I had it written in the margin

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23.

The setting in which the drug will be used i.e. IV meds occurs in hopsitals whereas oral meds are more appropriate for outpatient use describes the "clinical situation" of a drug.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

This describes the 'intended use of the drug'

Clinical Situation: the urgency of a situation many dictate the the form of the drug preferred for use i.e. emergency situations may require IV administration whereas less urgen situations may be given via oral, subcutaneous, ophthalmic etc
(pg. 9)

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24.

Describe the key factors of drug stability.
25.

Describe the purpose for using a loading dose followed by maitenance doses.

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Mar 21, 2022

Quiz Edited by
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Dec 11, 2011

Quiz Created by
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Pharm Mt 1 Part II

Blood from the mesenteric circulation (GI tract) passed through the_______ before entering other organs.

Quiz Preview

The administration technique which bypasses/avoids use of the ___________ for medication absorption is called Parenteral.

Drugs administered ________ reach maximum serum concentration rapidly compared to drugs administered by many other routes.

25-50 mg of oral metoprolol has the same minimum effective dose in the serum as 2.5-5 mg of IV metoprolol.

Which of the following drugs was presented as an example for having poor drug stability when taken orally.

Which of the following is FALSE in regard to oral drug administration?

Which of the following is NOT considered a topical form of drug administration?

The half life of a drug often relates to:

Legible, clear notice of the condition for which a drug or device is being prescribed is legally necessary when writing a Rx

How can one determine when steady state is reached for an continuous infusion, based on analyzing a drug serum concentration graph?

Another name for intermittent IV administration is "piggyback"

The optimum recommended dosage frequency of many drugs is often (but not always) determined to be _______ times the half life.

The abbreviation for sublingual administration is SL

If the dose of a drug is 100 mg (assume 100% bioavailability) and the half life is 8 hours, how many half-lifes will it take for less than 2 mg of the drug to still be circulating the serum?

Azithromycin, concentrates and after several doses its half life ___.

Sublingual drug administration uses percutaneous absorption through the mouth and gums

Both continuous infusion and single doses will eventually reach a steady state after 4-5 half lives.

Check ALL the correct matches

Check off ALL the options that are required on an Rx label.

Choose ALL that apply to the formulation of drugs.

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate match?

Indicate which drugs have a high first pass effect according to lecture.

The setting in which the drug will be used i.e. IV meds occurs in hopsitals whereas oral meds are more appropriate for outpatient use describes the "clinical situation" of a drug.

Describe the key factors of drug stability.

Describe the purpose for using a loading dose followed by maitenance doses.