This quiz, titled 'Pharm Chapter 44; Drugs for Diabetes', tests knowledge on the pancreatic function, types of diabetes, insulin usage, and effects of hypoglycemia. It's designed for learners to understand diabetes management and insulin functionalities, crucial for healthcare professionals.
True
False
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True
False
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False
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True
False
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True
False
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Insulin released when blood glucose increases
Glucagon released when blood glucose decreases
Glucagon and insulin are same substance
Alpha cells secrete insulin
Beta cells secrete glucagon
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True
False
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Caused by Lack of sensitivity of insulin receptors at target cells (insulin resistance)
Deficiency in insulin secretion
If untreated, results in same chronic conditions as type 1 DM
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Tachycardia
Confusion
Sweating
Drowsiness, coma
Convulsions, death
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Caused by absolute lack of insulin secretion due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic islet cells
Can result in cardiovascular damage
Can result in nervous system damage
Treated with insulin therapy
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Inhibit release of insulin from pancreatic islet cells
Increase sensitivity of insulin receptors on target cells
Most common adverse effect is hypoglycemia
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Over 300
Uder 150
Between 200-250
All of the above
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90 or below
70 or below
Above 120
90 or above
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Metformin (Glucophage), is the only drug in this class
Decreases hepatic production of glucose (gluconeogenesis) and reduces insulin resistance
promotes insulin release from pancreas
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Dietary restrictions
Exercise
Insulin therapy
Amputations
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True
False
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Speeds up the digestion of glucose
Block enzymes in small intestine responsible for breaking down complex carbohydrates into monosaccharides
Usually well tolerated with minimal side effects related to the GI system
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48 hrs
24hrs
12hrs
4hrs
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Promotes cellular uptake of glucose
Because it is short acting, it should not be used in conjunction with long acting insulin
Can be used for emergency treatment of DKA
Can be used for gestational diabetes
The only type of insulin that can be given IV
Wieght gain is a possible side effect
Can be used in conjunction with , asa, MAOIs, alcohol and anabolic steroids
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Is the preferred oral hypoglycemic drug due to its effectiveness and safety
Can not be used with other oral drugs in its class or insulin
Does not cause hypoglycemia
Inefective in pts who no longer secrete insulin
Also lowers tryglycerides, ldls and promotes wieght loss!!
Can be used to restore menstrual cycles and ovulation
Adverse effects include metalic tast and anorexia
Often causes hypoglycemia and wieght gain
Cannot be used by pt with impaired renal function, heart failure or liver failure
Garlic and genseng may increase effects
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