P-DAT 2 Suboccipital Region

1. Identify the tagged structure

Pars interarticularis of C2

Body of C1

Posterior tubercle of C1

Dens of C2

Dens of C1

The correct answer is "Dens of C2." The other options are incorrect because they refer to different anatomical structures. The dens of C2, also known as the odontoid process, is a bony projection that extends from the body of the C2 vertebra. It serves as a pivot point for the rotation of the head.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Dens of C2." The other options are incorrect because they refer to different anatomical structures. The dens of C2, also known as the odontoid process, is a bony projection that extends from the body of the C2 vertebra. It serves as a pivot point for the rotation of the head.

2. What is the distal attachment of the tagged muscle?

Posterior tubercle of C1

Transverse process of C1

Inferior nuchal line

Spinous process of C2

Mastoid process

The distal attachment of a muscle refers to the end of the muscle that is further away from the midline or center of the body. In this case, the correct answer is the transverse process of C1, which is a bony projection on the first cervical vertebra. This means that the muscle in question attaches to the transverse process of C1, providing stability and movement to that area of the spine.

Explanation

The distal attachment of a muscle refers to the end of the muscle that is further away from the midline or center of the body. In this case, the correct answer is the transverse process of C1, which is a bony projection on the first cervical vertebra. This means that the muscle in question attaches to the transverse process of C1, providing stability and movement to that area of the spine.

3. You are treating a patient who you suspect is suffering from a pinched nerve. You believe the lesion to be affecting the nerve that supplies the tagged muscle. Where does this nerve exit vertebral canal?

Superior to the vertebral artery

Inferior to the posterior arch of C2

Between the vertebral artery and posterior arch of C1

Within the foramen transversarium

Inferior to the posterior arch of C1

The nerve that supplies the tagged muscle exits the vertebral canal between the vertebral artery and the posterior arch of C1. This suggests that the pinched nerve is likely located in this region, causing the symptoms observed in the patient.

Explanation

The nerve that supplies the tagged muscle exits the vertebral canal between the vertebral artery and the posterior arch of C1. This suggests that the pinched nerve is likely located in this region, causing the symptoms observed in the patient.

4. Identify the muscle that attaches to the tagged area; what nerve supplies this muscle?

Semispinalis cervicis; anterior rami of spinal nerves

Obliquus capitis inferior; greater occipital

Rectus capitis posterior minor; suboccipital

Rectus capitis posterior major; suboccipital

Obliquus capitis superior; greater occipital

The muscle that attaches to the tagged area is the Rectus capitis posterior major. This muscle is supplied by the suboccipital nerve.

Explanation

The muscle that attaches to the tagged area is the Rectus capitis posterior major. This muscle is supplied by the suboccipital nerve.

5. Which of the following statements is true about the structure that passes over the tagged area (in yellow)?

It gives off the transverse cervical artery branch

It terminates in the suboccipital triangle

Passes through the foramen transversarium of C1 to C7

It is most likely to be damaged with the fracture of C7 than C1 transverse process

It is a branch of the subclavian artery

The structure that passes over the tagged area is most likely to be a branch of the subclavian artery. This is because the subclavian artery is a major blood vessel that supplies blood to the upper limb and part of the head and neck. The other statements do not provide any information about the structure passing over the tagged area.

Explanation

The structure that passes over the tagged area is most likely to be a branch of the subclavian artery. This is because the subclavian artery is a major blood vessel that supplies blood to the upper limb and part of the head and neck. The other statements do not provide any information about the structure passing over the tagged area.

6. The following is true about the tagged nerve:

It carries parasympathetic fibers

It does not contain general somatic efferent fibers

It represents the ventral ramus of C1

It typically has dorsal root ganglion

It carries both somatic and visceral motor fibers

The correct answer is that the tagged nerve carries both somatic and visceral motor fibers. This means that it is responsible for transmitting signals for both voluntary movements (somatic motor fibers) and involuntary movements of organs (visceral motor fibers).

Explanation

The correct answer is that the tagged nerve carries both somatic and visceral motor fibers. This means that it is responsible for transmitting signals for both voluntary movements (somatic motor fibers) and involuntary movements of organs (visceral motor fibers).