Lecture 2 - Muscles And Movement Of Spine And Trunk

The muscles found in the superficial layers in the back is called extrinsic muscles

The extrinsic muscles are covered by the thoracolumbar fascia

The erector spinae group are extrinsic muscles

The interspinales and intertransversarii muscles of the back are present mostly in the cervical and lumbar region

Which of these functions are NOT provided by the multifidi?1. Stabilization of the vertebral column together with the abdominals2. Proprioceptive information3. Active extension of the back

The levator costae muscles originate at the transverse process at different levels almost only in the thoracic region and attaches to the rib one level below

The Quadratus lumborum muscle laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side

The Quadratus lumborum is superficial to the latissimus dorsi muscle

Quadratus lumborum is surrounded by what parts of the thoracolumbar fascia?1. Anterior and middle layer2. Middle and posterior layer3. Posterior layer and Quadratus lumborum fascia

The muscles of the thoracic cage only play a role in respiration NOT in movement of the trunk

The external intercostals are developed better in the anterior region (external intercostal membrane) than in the dorsal region of the thorax

The internal intercostals are absent dorsally

What is NOT true about the intercostals?1. The innermost- and the internal intercostals are absent dorsally2. The intercostals are active as individual muscles3. The innermost intercostals are present in the lateral region of the thorax only

The intercostal nerve, artery and vein is located between the external and internal intercostal muscles

The diaphragm is not a muscle

In the abdominal wall Subcutaneous fat is superficial to the muscle fascia

The fibers of the left external oblique runs in the same direction as the fibers of the right internal oblique

The rectus abdominis is three times as wide in the superior part as in the inferior part

Anterior and posterior layers of rectus sheath unite medially to form:1. Aponeurosis oniño2. Linea alba3. Arcuate line4. Thoracolumbar aponeurosis

Statement: Muscle action depends on the starting position of the bodyInformation: In a sitting position: When you lean forward your abdominals may initiate the movement concentrically, but as soon as gravity takes over… 1. The abdominals will work eccentrically2. The muscles of the back will work eccentrically3. The muscles at the back will work concentrically

The first 60 degrees of trunk flexion, the gluteus maximus does most of the eccentric work to flex the spine

Raising intraabdominal pressure plays a role in stabilization of the lumbar spine