Pre Net 2015 Medical By Taleem Tutor

Leptocardii is a group of animals that belong to the phylum Cephalochordata. These animals, also known as lancelets, are small, fish-like marine organisms that have a notochord and a dorsal nerve cord. They are characterized by their elongated bodies and filter-feeding lifestyle. Leptocardii are considered to be the closest living relatives of vertebrates, making them an important group for understanding the evolution of vertebrate traits.

Drosophila sperm cells contain 8 chromosomes. This is because Drosophila, also known as fruit flies, are diploid organisms, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes. During meiosis, the process of sperm cell formation, the chromosomes replicate and then separate, resulting in four haploid cells. Each of these haploid cells contains half the number of chromosomes as the original cell, so the sperm cells end up with 8 chromosomes.

Optical activity is the property of a liquid that is measured by a polarimeter. A polarimeter is an instrument used to determine the rotation of plane-polarized light caused by a substance. Certain liquids, such as chiral compounds, have the ability to rotate the plane of polarized light as it passes through them. This rotation is known as optical activity and can be measured using a polarimeter. Therefore, the correct answer is optical activity.

Aromatic hydrocarbons are known to burn with a smoky flame due to their high carbon content and the presence of unsaturated bonds. These compounds contain a ring structure with alternating double bonds, which leads to incomplete combustion and the production of soot. Aliphatic hydrocarbons, on the other hand, have straight or branched chains and burn with a clean flame. Alicyclic hydrocarbons have a ring structure, but they do not contain alternating double bonds and therefore do not produce a smoky flame when burned.

The correct answer is "presence of asymmetric carbon". Optically activity in organic compounds is determined by the presence of a carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups. This carbon atom is called an asymmetric or chiral carbon. The presence of an asymmetric carbon creates a non-superimposable mirror image, leading to optical activity.

A logic gate with four inputs can have a total of 2^4 = 16 possible input combinations. This is because for each input, there are two possible states (0 or 1), and since there are four inputs, we multiply 2 by itself four times, resulting in 16.

During diakinesis, which is the last stage of prophase I in meiosis, the chromosomes condense to their maximum level. This condensation is necessary for the proper alignment and separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. In diakinesis, the chromosomes become shorter, thicker, and more visible under a microscope. This condensation allows for the efficient pairing of homologous chromosomes and the exchange of genetic material through crossing over. Therefore, diakinesis is the stage where the condensation of chromosomes reaches its maximum level.

The basicity of a compound refers to the number of replaceable hydrogen atoms in its molecule. In this case, since the question does not mention any specific compound, it is not possible to determine the basicity. Therefore, an explanation cannot be provided.

Semilunar valves are not present in veins. The semilunar valves, also known as the pulmonary valve and aortic valve, are located at the base of the pulmonary trunk and aorta respectively. These valves prevent the backflow of blood from the arteries into the ventricles. However, veins do not have semilunar valves. Instead, veins have one-way valves called venous valves that help to prevent the backflow of blood and ensure that it flows towards the heart. The absence of semilunar valves in veins allows for the smooth flow of blood back to the heart.

The current flowing through the circuit can be calculated using Ohm's Law, which states that current (I) is equal to the voltage (V) divided by the resistance (R). In this case, the voltage is 120 volts and the resistance is 1000 ohms. Therefore, the current flowing through the circuit is 0.12 amperes (or 120 A).

Ferns are not placed in bryophytes because they have vascular tissue. Vascular tissue is a complex system of specialized cells that transport water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant. This allows ferns to grow taller and larger than bryophytes, which lack vascular tissue and are limited in size. The presence of vascular tissue is a key characteristic that distinguishes ferns from bryophytes.

The correct answer is "She reminded me of the nice days of my childhood." This is the correct answer because when we use the verb "remind," we typically follow it with the preposition "of" to indicate what is being remembered. In this case, the speaker is being reminded of the nice days of their childhood. The other options ("me the nice days," "me for the nice days," "me on the nice days") do not follow the correct preposition usage and are therefore incorrect.

The missing number can be found by observing the pattern in the given numbers. Each number in the box is obtained by subtracting 10 from the previous number. Starting from 122, subtracting 10 gives 112. Therefore, the missing number is 112.

Sod-Benzoate, also known as sodium benzoate, reacts with soda lime to form benzene. This reaction is known as the decarboxylation of sodium benzoate. During this process, the carboxyl group (-COOH) in sodium benzoate is removed, resulting in the formation of benzene. Therefore, benzene is the correct answer.

The element with the maximum number of unpaired electrons is the one that has the highest electron configuration. Unpaired electrons occur when an atom has one or more electrons in its outermost shell that are not paired with another electron. In this case, the element with the highest electron configuration would have the most unpaired electrons.

In its ground state, the element Cr (chromium) has an unpaired electron in an s-orbital. This is because chromium has an electron configuration of [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹, where the 4s orbital is only half-filled with one electron. The unpaired electron in the s-orbital allows chromium to exhibit paramagnetic properties. On the other hand, Co (cobalt), Fe (iron), and Cu (copper) do not have unpaired electrons in an s-orbital in their ground states.

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The correct answer is "None of Given" because all of the options listed are infections of the lungs/respiratory tract. Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection that affects the lungs, tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs, and cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the respiratory system. Therefore, none of the given options are not infections of the lungs/respiratory tract.

Albumin is a protein found in the blood that plays a crucial role in maintaining osmotic pressure. It helps regulate the movement of water between the blood and tissues by exerting osmotic pressure. This pressure is important for maintaining the balance of fluids and preventing the accumulation of excess fluid in the tissues. Without sufficient albumin, osmotic pressure would decrease, leading to fluid retention and swelling. Therefore, albumin is responsible for maintaining 75% of the osmotic pressure in the blood.

DISSENSION and discord both refer to a lack of agreement or harmony among individuals or groups. They both imply a state of conflict, disagreement, or tension. Therefore, discord is the word that has the same meaning as DISSENSION.

Transition elements usually show both ferromagnetism and paramagnetism. Ferromagnetism is the property of certain materials to become strongly magnetized in the presence of an external magnetic field, while paramagnetism is the property of materials to weakly attract to an external magnetic field. Transition elements have unpaired electrons in their d orbitals, which allows them to exhibit both types of magnetism. The presence of unpaired electrons leads to the alignment of magnetic moments in ferromagnetism and the weak attraction in paramagnetism.

A co-ordinate covalent bond occurs when one atom donates a pair of electrons to another atom. This type of bond is typically seen in compounds where one atom has an electron pair that is available for donation, such as in metal complexes or Lewis acid-base reactions. It is formed between a Lewis acid (electron acceptor) and a Lewis base (electron donor). Therefore, the correct answer to the question would be an option that involves a compound or reaction where one atom donates a pair of electrons to another atom.

Vaccination can be done against both viral and bacterial diseases. Vaccines are designed to stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight off specific pathogens, including viruses and bacteria. By introducing a weakened or inactivated form of the pathogen or its components into the body, vaccines help the immune system develop a memory of the pathogen, so it can respond quickly and effectively if exposed to the actual disease-causing organism in the future. Therefore, vaccination is an effective preventive measure against both viral and bacterial infections.

Robert Hooke is considered the founder of cell biology because of his significant contributions to the field. In 1665, he published "Micrographia," which included detailed observations of plant cells, marking the first recorded use of the term "cell" to describe the basic unit of life. Hooke's work laid the foundation for the study of cells and their structure, leading to the development of cell theory by Schleiden and Schwann later on. While Galileo made important contributions to physics and astronomy, and Robert Brown discovered the cell nucleus, Hooke's pioneering work in cell biology solidifies his status as the founder of the field.

The correct answer is: Now observe its effect on a human being.

The word "its" is used to show possession, indicating that the effect belongs to something or someone. In this case, it is referring to the effect of something on a human being. The word "effect" is the correct term to use in this context, as it means the result or consequence of something. Therefore, the correct sentence is "Now observe its effect on a human being."

Wood is not formed in monocots. Monocots are a type of flowering plant that have a single cotyledon (seed leaf) in their embryos. Unlike dicots and gymnosperms, monocots do not produce true wood. Wood is primarily composed of xylem tissue, which is responsible for providing support and conducting water and nutrients throughout the plant. In dicots and gymnosperms, the xylem tissue undergoes secondary growth, resulting in the formation of wood. However, monocots lack this secondary growth, and therefore do not produce wood.

A calculator display typically consists of seven-segment LED displays. Each segment represents a digit from 0 to 9, and by combining these segments, any number can be displayed. Therefore, the correct answer is 7, which indicates the number of LED segments used in a calculator display.

Etioplasts found in plants are actually one of the types of chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are the organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants. Etioplasts are specifically found in developing plant cells that have been deprived of light. They contain prolamellar bodies instead of the typical chlorophyll pigments found in mature chloroplasts. As the plant is exposed to light, etioplasts differentiate into chloroplasts and undergo a series of structural and biochemical changes to become functional in photosynthesis.

The phrase "incorrigible" means someone who is bad beyond correction or unable to be reformed. In this context, the boy is described as being a constant source of trouble to his mother, suggesting that his behavior is difficult to change or improve. Therefore, the correct answer is "bad beyond correction."

Acetone and chloroform are soluble into each other due to hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interaction. Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom (such as oxygen in acetone) and forms a weak bond with another electronegative atom (such as chlorine in chloroform). Dipole-dipole interactions occur between the positive end of one molecule and the negative end of another molecule. Both of these intermolecular forces contribute to the solubility of acetone and chloroform in each other.

The correct answer is water. Water has maximum hydration power because it is a universal solvent and can dissolve a wide range of substances, allowing it to effectively hydrate the body. It is essential for various bodily functions, including regulating body temperature, lubricating joints, transporting nutrients, and flushing out waste products. Additionally, water has a high heat capacity, which helps in maintaining proper hydration levels by regulating body temperature through sweating.

The helical structure of a protein is maintained by the formation of hydrogen bonds between amino acid molecules that are in successive turns of the spiral. This means that the hydrogen bonds are formed between amino acids that are located in the same helix, but in different positions along the spiral. These hydrogen bonds help to stabilize the helical structure and contribute to the overall stability and function of the protein.

To double the total energy for a mass spring system oscillating in SHM, the amplitude must increase by a factor of 2. This is because the total energy of a mass spring system in SHM is directly proportional to the square of the amplitude. Therefore, if the amplitude is doubled, the total energy will increase by a factor of 2^2, which is 4.

Carotenoids are pigments found in plants that are responsible for giving fruits and vegetables their vibrant colors. They are also precursors to vitamin A, which means that the body can convert carotenoids into vitamin A. Vitamin A is essential for maintaining healthy vision, promoting growth and development, and supporting the immune system. Therefore, carotenoids are related to vitamin A because they play a crucial role in its synthesis and function in the body.

The given relation "DWELL : DENIZEN" implies that "DWELL" is a verb and "DENIZEN" is a noun that represents a person who lives in a particular place. Similarly, "inherit" is a verb that means to receive money, property, or a title from someone after their death, and "heir" is a noun that represents a person who inherits something. Therefore, "inherit : heir" is the best match because it follows the same pattern as "DWELL : DENIZEN".

Adequate sleep and regular meals can slow down the process of aging. Sleep helps the body repair and regenerate cells, while regular meals provide essential nutrients for overall health and well-being. By ensuring proper rest and nutrition, individuals can support their body's natural processes and potentially delay the signs of aging.

The correct answer is "do not have antigens attached on RBCs." This is because individuals with the hh genotype do not have the H antigen, which is responsible for attaching antigens (A or B) on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). Therefore, they do not have any antigens attached on their RBCs, resulting in the absence of A and B antigens.

The second ionization energy refers to the energy required to remove a second electron from a positively charged ion. As we move across a period in the periodic table, the atomic radius decreases and the effective nuclear charge increases. This results in a stronger attraction between the nucleus and the electrons, making it more difficult to remove an electron. Therefore, the second ionization energy generally increases across a period. In this case, K has the highest second ionization energy because it is the furthest to the left in the period, followed by Ca and then Ba.

The correct answer is "None of Given". This means that all of the options provided in the question are related to apoptosis. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process that occurs in various biological contexts, including embryonic development and tissue remodeling. The loss of tail in developing human embryos and the loss of tissue between developing digits are examples of apoptosis in embryonic development. Controlling the number of neurons also involves apoptosis as it helps in shaping the nervous system by eliminating excess neurons. Therefore, all the options provided in the question are related to apoptosis.

Parmelia is the correct answer because it is a type of lichen that has a leaf-like appearance. Lichens are composite organisms consisting of a fungus and a photosynthetic partner, usually an alga. Parmelia lichens have a thallus that resembles a leaf, with a flat and lobed structure. They are commonly found on rocks, trees, and soil, and can vary in color from green to gray or brown.

Sponges possess the greatest power of regeneration among invertebrates. They have the ability to regenerate their entire body from small fragments, even if they are completely broken apart. This is due to the presence of totipotent cells, which can differentiate into any type of cell needed for regeneration. Platyhelminthes, annelids, and echinoderms also have some regenerative abilities, but they are not as extensive as those seen in sponges.

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Penicillium griseofulvum provides a chemotherapeutic agent that is used to inhibit fungal growth.

Myoglobin is a single polypeptide chain that is composed of a heme portion. The heme portion contains an iron atom that allows myoglobin to bind and transport oxygen. Therefore, the correct structure of myoglobin is 1 polypeptide chain + 1 heme portion.

When a charge of -5C is added to both the +5C and -12C charges, the net charge on each of the charges becomes zero. Since like charges repel each other, and now both charges have the same sign, they will exert a repulsive force on each other. However, the magnitude of this force cannot be determined based on the given information. Therefore, the correct answer is "zero" because the force is not specified and could be any value.

Placoid scales are the correct answer. Placoid scales are the dermal, denticle scales found in fishes. These scales are characteristic of cartilaginous fishes such as sharks and rays. They have a small, tooth-like structure with a hard enamel-like outer layer and a dentin-like inner layer. Placoid scales provide protection and reduce drag in water, allowing fishes to swim efficiently. Ganoid scales are found in primitive fishes like sturgeons and gars, ctenoid scales have tiny comb-like projections and are found in most bony fishes, and cycloid scales are smooth and round, found in various fish species.

The correct answer is "If I am lying, the curse of Allah be on me and may I be drowned in some period. May I even be deprived of a decent burial!" This answer has the proper use of the preposition "of" after the verb "deprived." The phrase "deprived of a decent burial" indicates being denied or lacking a decent burial. The other options either use the wrong preposition or do not use a preposition at all, making them incorrect.

The correct answer is "Avenue" because it is the most appropriate term to describe a main boulevard where a parade would take place. An alley is a narrow passageway, a highway is a major road typically used for long-distance travel, and a driveaway is not a commonly used term. Avenue, on the other hand, is a wide road often lined with trees and is commonly used for parades and processions.

The rectum is the correct answer because it is the part of the digestive system in a cockroach where undigested food is stored before being eliminated. The crop is responsible for storing food temporarily before it moves to the midgut for digestion. The gizzard is responsible for grinding and breaking down food. Therefore, the rectum is the specific organ where undigested food is stored in a cockroach.

The mismatched pair for birds is "urinary bladder, producing semisolid urine." Birds do not have a urinary bladder like mammals do. Instead, they have specialized kidneys that extract waste from their bloodstream, producing a concentrated uric acid that is excreted as a semisolid substance called uric acid paste. This adaptation helps birds conserve water and reduce weight for efficient flight.

The correct answer is "Triammine chlorobromonitro platimum (iv) Chloride". This is because the compound contains a platinum ion with a +4 oxidation state, as indicated by the Roman numeral IV. The presence of triammine, chloro, bromo, and nitro ligands suggests that the platinum ion is coordinated to three ammonia molecules, one chloride ion, one bromide ion, and one nitro group.

In the Maxam-Gilbert method, DNA threads are chemically cut into pieces. This method involves labeling the DNA strands and then subjecting them to specific chemical reactions that result in the cleavage of the DNA at specific positions. These cleaved DNA fragments can then be separated and analyzed to determine the sequence of the DNA. This method was one of the first techniques developed for DNA sequencing and is based on the principle of chemical modification followed by cleavage.

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Both lizards and larvae of amphibians have the ability to regenerate their tails. When a lizard or amphibian loses its tail, it can grow back a new one through a process called autotomy. This is a form of self-amputation that allows them to escape from predators. The regenerated tail may not be an exact replica of the original, but it can still function properly. This regenerative ability is not present in all animals, which is why the correct answer is both lizard and larvae of amphibian.

Carbon dioxide is primarily transported in the blood in three forms: dissolved in plasma, bound to hemoglobin, and as bicarbonate ions. Out of these, only a small percentage of carbon dioxide is transported through blood proteins, specifically hemoglobin. The majority of carbon dioxide is transported as bicarbonate ions. Therefore, the correct answer is 5%, indicating that only a small fraction of carbon dioxide is transported through blood proteins.

Shakespeare, a prolific writer, entertained audiences by writing many tragic and comic plays. The word "prolific" means producing many works or achieving great quantities. In this context, it describes Shakespeare as a writer who wrote a large number of plays, both tragic and comic, which entertained audiences.

In the given language, each letter of the word is replaced with the letter that comes after it in alphabetical order. For example, M is replaced with N, A is replaced with B, D is replaced with E, R is replaced with S, etc. Applying this rule to the word BOMBAY, each letter is replaced with the letter that comes after it in alphabetical order, resulting in the code CPNCPZ.

The middle leg of a cockroach acts as a "prop" during walking. This leg helps to support the body and maintain balance while the cockroach moves. It plays a crucial role in the coordination and stability of the cockroach's movement.

The correct answer is 0.05%. This means that the percentage of magnesium by mass in a human being is 0.05%.

Football players, who are often associated with high levels of testosterone, would perceive crying as inherently unmanly rather than a humanistic trait experienced by either sex. This suggests that the act of crying is seen as something that goes against traditional masculine ideals and is not considered a normal or acceptable behavior for football players.

The cell membrane is not a component of the extracellular matrix in bacteria. The extracellular matrix is a complex network of molecules that surrounds bacterial cells and provides structural support. It is primarily composed of the cell wall, slime, and capsule. The cell membrane, on the other hand, is a thin lipid bilayer that separates the cell's internal contents from the external environment and is not considered part of the extracellular matrix.

Influenza is a viral disease caused by an enveloped RNA virus. It is widely spread and can affect people of all ages. The virus is highly contagious and can cause symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, and fatigue. Influenza can lead to severe complications, especially in vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young children, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza and reduce its spread.

Genetic recombination in bacteria can occur through conjugation. This process involves the transfer of genetic material between two bacterial cells through direct contact, typically mediated by a plasmid. During conjugation, a donor cell transfers a copy of its plasmid to a recipient cell, allowing for the exchange of genetic information. This mechanism plays a crucial role in bacterial evolution and the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.

The diameter of the DNA double helix is 2 nm. This is the correct answer because the DNA double helix consists of two strands that are twisted together in a helical structure. The width of each strand is approximately 1 nm, so when the two strands are combined, the overall diameter of the double helix is 2 nm.

Exothermic is not related to evaporation because exothermic processes release energy in the form of heat, while evaporation is a process in which a liquid changes into a gas by absorbing heat from the surroundings. Therefore, exothermic is the odd one out as it does not involve the absorption of heat like evaporation does.

The angular velocity of the coil can be determined using the formula: emf = N * B * A * ω, where emf is the peak emf, N is the number of turns, B is the magnetic field magnitude, A is the area of the coil, and ω is the angular velocity. Rearranging the formula, ω = emf / (N * B * A). Substituting the given values: ω = 12 V / (200 turns * 0.05 T * (16 cm)^2). Converting the units to SI, ω = 12 V / (200 * 0.05 T * (0.16 m)^2). Calculating the result, ω ≈ 23.44 rad/s.

Geodesics are the correct answer because according to Einstein, bodies and light rays follow geodesics. Geodesics are the shortest paths between two points in curved spacetime, and they represent the natural path that objects and light take in the presence of gravity. This concept is a fundamental part of Einstein's theory of general relativity, which describes gravity as the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy. Therefore, geodesics accurately describe the motion of bodies and light in the presence of gravitational fields.

According to the theory of relativity, as an observer approaches the speed of light, time dilation occurs. This means that time appears to slow down for the observer compared to a stationary observer. As the observer in this scenario is moving at the velocity of light, which is not possible for massive objects according to our current understanding of physics, the concept of time becomes undefined or infinite. Therefore, the observer would perceive an infinite amount of time passing relative to the timing device at rest.

The dark purple or black spore case of Claviceps purpurea is known as smut. Smut is a fungal disease that affects various plants, including cereal crops and grasses. It is characterized by the formation of dark-colored spore masses, which can be seen as a powdery substance on the affected plant parts. Claviceps purpurea, in particular, is a fungus that causes ergot disease in grains such as rye and wheat. Ergot is a type of smut that can be toxic to humans and animals if consumed in large quantities.

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The lymph vessels empty into veins. Lymph is a clear fluid that circulates throughout the body, collecting waste products, toxins, and pathogens from tissues. The lymph vessels transport this fluid back to the bloodstream. Once the lymph reaches the large lymphatic vessels, it is emptied into the veins near the heart. From there, it mixes with the blood and is eventually filtered and eliminated by the kidneys. Therefore, the correct answer is veins.

When teliospores attack a plant, they can cause changes in the plant's seeds. Teliospores are a type of fungal spore that is produced during the telial stage of a fungus's life cycle. These spores are responsible for the spread and reproduction of the fungus. When teliospores attack a plant, they can infect the seeds of the plant and cause various changes, such as discoloration, deformities, or reduced viability. Therefore, the correct answer is teliospores.

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The word "grudgingly" suggests that the secretary reluctantly agreed to abide by the president's decision. This implies that the secretary had reservations or objections to the decision, but ultimately complied with it despite her personal beliefs. The phrase "abide by" means to accept or follow a decision or rule, further emphasizing the idea that the secretary reluctantly accepted and followed the president's decision.

The man initially walks 3 km northwards, then turns left and goes 2 km, followed by another left turn and walking 3 km. This indicates that he has made a full 360-degree turn and is now facing the opposite direction. When he turns right and walks straight, he will be facing east and walking in that direction.

At resonance in an RLC series circuit, the impedance of the circuit is minimum. This means that the reactive components cancel each other out, leaving only the resistance. Since the voltage across the resistor is given as 10 V, this indicates that the applied voltage across the entire circuit must also be 10 V.

The correct answer is "oogonium to primary oocyte." Mitotic division is involved in the development of oogonia into primary oocytes. Oogonia are diploid cells that undergo mitosis to produce more oogonia or to differentiate into primary oocytes. This division process is essential for the growth and maturation of the oocytes before they are released during ovulation. The other options mentioned, such as the transformation from primary oocyte to secondary oocyte and from secondary oocyte to egg, involve meiotic division rather than mitotic division.

The word "whimsical" is the correct answer because it means playful, fanciful, or imaginative. In the context of the sentence, ballet is described as delighting children with its imaginative characters and unpredictable sets. Therefore, "whimsical" accurately captures the sense of delight and imagination associated with ballet.

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Amphibians do not have scales. Unlike fishes, reptiles, and birds, amphibians have moist skin that is permeable to water and gases. This allows them to breathe through their skin, but they do not have scales for protection and to prevent water loss.

The phrase "lamp had smoked the chamber full" suggests that the lamp was burning for a significant amount of time, indicating a period of time. By using this phrase, the author is establishing a specific time frame during which the events in the paragraph took place.

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The sphere has the greatest speed on reaching the ground. This is because a sphere has the least rotational inertia compared to a disc or a hoop. As the objects roll down the inclined plane, their potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. The sphere, having the least rotational inertia, can convert more of its potential energy into translational kinetic energy, resulting in a higher speed compared to the disc or the hoop.

To find the inductance of the choke, we can use the formula V = L di/dt, where V is the voltage, L is the inductance, and di/dt is the rate of change of current. In this case, the voltage is 200 sin (100πt) and the current is 1 A. Taking the derivative of the current, we get di/dt = 0. Since the rate of change of current is 0, the inductance of the choke can be any value. Therefore, the correct answer is 2/π H.

The relative atomic mass of element M is 27 because the hydride formed by M contains 90% of M by mass. This means that out of the total mass of the hydride, 90% is contributed by M. Since the hydride is composed mostly of M, it can be inferred that the atomic mass of M is 27.

The molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. In this case, the solute is NaOH and the solution is 25% NaOH. This means that there are 25 grams of NaOH in 100 mL of solution. To find the molarity, we need to convert the grams of NaOH to moles and the volume of solution to liters. Since the molarity is given as 6.25, it means that there are 6.25 moles of NaOH in 1 liter of solution.

The correct answer is "None of Given." This means that all of the options listed (rust, mildews, and armillaria) are parasitic fungi of plants.

If the allele frequency for a dominant allele is 0.4, it means that 40% of the population carries this allele. Since the population size is 100 individuals, the number of individuals with this dominant allele can be calculated by multiplying 0.4 by 100, which equals 40. However, the question asks for the number of heterozygous individuals, which means individuals with both the dominant and recessive alleles. Since the dominant allele frequency is 0.4, the recessive allele frequency would be 0.6 (1 - 0.4). The number of heterozygous individuals can be calculated by multiplying the dominant allele frequency (40) by the recessive allele frequency (60) and dividing by 2, which equals 36. Therefore, the correct answer is 36.

The given equation is solved by following the order of operations. First, 100 is added to 11, resulting in 111. Then, 32111 is added to 1000, giving us 33111. Finally, 43100 is added to 100, resulting in 43200. Therefore, the correct answer is 22.

The feature "anterior" is not related to vexillium in the pea family. Vexillium refers to the standard petal of a pea flower, which is the large, single, outermost petal. "Anterior" refers to the front or forward-facing side of an organism or structure, and it is not specifically associated with the vexillium or the pea family.