Ophthalmic Optics Mt 2

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  • 1/113 Questions

    A prism will shift an image towards its ______.

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About This Quiz

The 'Ophthalmic Optics MT 2' quiz assesses understanding of fundamental optical principles, such as reflection, refraction, and the behavior of light through prisms and lenses. It is designed to enhance knowledge of how light interacts with materials, crucial for fields like optometry and optical engineering.

Ophthalmic Optics Mt 2 - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    A prism will bend light rays towards its ________.

    Explanation
    A prism will bend light rays towards its base. This is because when light enters a prism, it undergoes refraction, which is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. The angle at which the light bends depends on the angle of incidence and the refractive index of the prism. In a prism, the base is the wider side, and it has a larger surface area for the light to interact with. As a result, the light rays are bent towards the base of the prism.

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  • 3. 

    For a negative lens, it is essentially like 2 prisms with their bases facing ____.

    • Outward

    • Inward

    Correct Answer
    A. Outward
    Explanation
    A negative lens is essentially like two prisms with their bases facing outward. This means that the lens has a thinner center and thicker edges, causing light rays to diverge or spread out. When light passes through a negative lens, it bends away from the center, creating a virtual image that is smaller and upright compared to the object. The outward facing bases of the prisms in the negative lens cause the light to spread outwards, resulting in the divergence of light rays.

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  • 4. 

    The Seg Inset is the distance between the distance OC and the near OC

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement is true because the Seg Inset refers to the distance between the distance OC (the optical center of the lens) and the near OC (the near optical center of the lens). This distance is important in determining the positioning of the lens in relation to the wearer's eyes and is used in the fitting process of eyeglasses or contact lenses.

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  • 5. 

    A +3.50D lens is decentered 4 mm in and 5 mm down.  What is the resultant prismatic effect?

    • 1.4 horizontally, 1.75 vertically

    • 1.75 horizontally, 1.4 vertically

    Correct Answer
    A. 1.4 horizontally, 1.75 vertically
    Explanation
    A +3.50D lens decentered 4 mm in and 5 mm down will result in a prismatic effect of 1.4 prism diopters horizontally and 1.75 prism diopters vertically.

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  • 6. 

    What does DBL stand for?

    • ED x 2

    • Bridge size

    • Temple size

    Correct Answer
    A. Bridge size
    Explanation
    measured between the inner edge (edge closest to the lens) of the bridge

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  • 7. 

    Splitting prisms unequally can help to equalize lens thicknesses when lens powers between the 2 eyes are not equal

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Splitting prisms unequally can help to equalize lens thicknesses when lens powers between the 2 eyes are not equal. This is because prisms can be used to correct for differences in the refractive power of the eyes. By splitting the prisms unequally, the thicker lens can be placed in front of the eye with the lower power, helping to equalize the thicknesses of the lenses. This can improve visual acuity and comfort for individuals with unequal lens powers in their eyes. Therefore, the statement is true.

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  • 8. 

    If there is no prism prescribed for a patient, the PRP will be at the same location as the OC of the lens

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Prism Reference Point (PRP) is defined as the pont where the OC of the lens should be

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  • 9. 

    Because the eye muscles are yoked, prism placed before one eye affects both eyes

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement is true because the eye muscles are yoked, meaning they work together to control the movement of both eyes. When a prism is placed before one eye, it causes a shift in the visual field for that eye, which in turn affects the alignment and movement of both eyes. This is because the brain coordinates the movements of both eyes, so any change in one eye will impact the other eye as well.

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  • 10. 

    For a positive lens, it is essentialy like 2 prisms with their bases facing ____.

    • Outward

    • Inward

    Correct Answer
    A. Inward
    Explanation
    see lecture 8 pg. 1

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  • 11. 

    Because the add power will always be positive, the power that you measure through the near add will always measure:

    • More minus for a nearsighted patient

    • More plus for a farsighted patient

    Correct Answer
    A. More plus for a farsighted patient
    Explanation
    -Less minus on a nearsighted Rx
    -More plus on a farsighted Rx

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  • 12. 

    The longest vertical height of the frame is called the:

    • A measurement

    • B measurement

    • C measurement

    Correct Answer
    A. B measurement
    Explanation
    The correct answer is B measurement. The question is asking for the term used to describe the longest vertical height of the frame. The term used for this is "measurement."

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  • 13. 

    The goal is to use the smallest lens blank possible that will still fit in the frame

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The goal of using the smallest lens blank possible that will still fit in the frame is true. This means that when selecting a lens for a frame, the aim is to choose the smallest lens blank that can be cut and shaped to fit the frame properly. This helps to minimize the weight and thickness of the lens, making it more comfortable for the wearer and ensuring a better fit within the frame.

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  • 14. 

    What is refraction based on?

    • Wavelength of light

    • Index of the material

    • Frequency of light

    Correct Answer
    A. Index of the material
    Explanation
    Refraction is based on the index of the material. The index of refraction is a property of a material that determines how much the speed of light changes when it passes through that material. When light travels from one medium to another with a different index of refraction, it bends or changes direction. This bending of light is known as refraction. The amount of bending depends on the difference in the indices of refraction between the two materials. Therefore, the index of the material is the determining factor for refraction to occur.

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  • 15. 

    A 20 pd BU prism will displace an image by what distance at a viewing distance of 5m?  In what direction will the imave be displaced?

    • 100 cm, towards base

    • 100 cm, towards apex

    • 50 cm, towards base

    • 50 cm, towards apex

    Correct Answer
    A. 100 cm, towards apex
    Explanation
    x/5m = 20cm/1m
    x= 100 cm
    --> images are displaced toward apex

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  • 16. 

    Your patient's right eye is misaligned with his left eye so that the right is higher than left.  What is the direction of the prism base that you would prescibe for the right eye?

    • BU

    • BD

    • BI

    • BO

    Correct Answer
    A. BD
    Explanation
    point apex toward deviating eye and base will therefore be opposite

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  • 17. 

    How does one calculate the Frame PD (FPD)?

    • A + DBL

    • A + B

    • B + DBL

    Correct Answer
    A. A + DBL
    Explanation
    also equals the distance btw the GC of the frame

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  • 18. 

    If a positive lens is shifted temporally what prismatic effect will that produce?

    • BI

    • BO

    • BU

    Correct Answer
    A. BO
    Explanation
    Shifting a positive lens temporally refers to moving it horizontally. When a positive lens is shifted horizontally, it creates a base-out (BO) prismatic effect. This means that light rays passing through the lens will be deviated outward, causing an apparent shift in the position of the object being viewed.

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  • 19. 

    What is the name of an instrument that is a tower of mini-prisms that are 1mm thick.

    • Risley Prism

    • Tower Prism

    • Fresnel Prism

    Correct Answer
    A. Fresnel Prism
    Explanation
    many prisms act as one large prism

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  • 20. 

    1 prism diopter = _____ degrees

    • 0.57

    • 1.57

    • 57

    Correct Answer
    A. 0.57
    Explanation
    1 rad = 57 deg, 1 pd = 1/100 rad --> 1 pd = 0.57deg

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  • 21. 

    How much prism is induced if a +6.50 lens before the right eye is decentered 3mm nasally?

    • 0.95 BI

    • 1.95 BI

    • 0.95 BO

    • 1.95 BO

    Correct Answer
    A. 1.95 BI
    Explanation
    induced prism = (0.3)(6.5)= 1.95

    *because we are dealing witha (+) lens, and the OC is decentered nasally, the eye will be positioned such that there will be a BI prism

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  • 22. 

    Indicate the disadvantages of Fresnel Prisms

    • Poor optics because of multiple prisms

    • Heavy and at times irritating

    • Expensive

    Correct Answer
    A. Poor optics because of multiple prisms
    Explanation
    light weight and cheap

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  • 23. 

    What is the different between compounding and cancellation?

    • Compounding involves subtraction and cancellation involves addition

    • Compounding involves addition and cancellation involves subtracion

    • For horizontal prisms, compounding occurs with opposite bases

    • For vertical prisms, cancellation occurs with similar bases

    Correct Answer
    A. Compounding involves addition and cancellation involves subtracion
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that compounding involves addition and cancellation involves subtraction. Compounding refers to the process of adding two or more values together, while cancellation refers to the process of subtracting one value from another. This explanation aligns with the definitions and concepts of compounding and cancellation in mathematics.

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  • 24. 

    Cement Seg MFs are cement segments that are glued onto the distance portion of lenses

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement is true. Cement Seg MFs refers to cement segments that are attached to the distance portion of lenses. This implies that these segments are used to enhance the distance vision of the individual wearing the lenses.

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  • 25. 

    Another term for the lens size is:

    • A measurement

    • B measurement

    • C measurement

    Correct Answer
    A. A measurement
    Explanation
    The term "lens size" refers to the measurement of the lens. Therefore, "A measurement" is another term that can be used to describe the lens size.

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  • 26. 

    With horizontal prisms, similar bases are _______.  With vertical prisms, similar bases are ________.

    • Added, added

    • Subtracted, added

    • Added, subtracted

    Correct Answer
    A. Added, subtracted
    Explanation
    With horizontal prisms, similar bases are added because the bases are aligned horizontally and when they are combined, their areas are added together. On the other hand, with vertical prisms, similar bases are subtracted because the bases are aligned vertically and when they are combined, the area of the top base is subtracted from the area of the bottom base.

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  • 27. 

    Prentice's Rule depends solves for:

    • The power of the lens

    • The amount of prism induced

    • The distance away from the OC of the lens in cm

    Correct Answer
    A. The amount of prism induced
    Explanation
    Prentice's Rule is a formula used in optometry to calculate the amount of prism induced by a lens. It states that the prism induced is equal to the power of the lens multiplied by the distance away from the optical center (OC) of the lens in centimeters. Therefore, Prentice's Rule solves for the amount of prism induced, not the power of the lens or the distance away from the OC.

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  • 28. 

    The larger the lens blank, the thinner the lens will be

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The larger the lens blank, the thicker the lens will be
    -If lens blank is too small it won't fit into frames and if it is too big it may be too thick

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  • 29. 

    As n _____, the speed of light _______.

    • Decreases, decreases

    • Increases, increases

    • Increases, decreases

    Correct Answer
    A. Increases, decreases
    Explanation
    As the value of n increases, the speed of light decreases. This is because the speed of light in a medium is inversely proportional to the refractive index (n) of that medium. When the refractive index increases, it means that the medium has a higher density, causing the speed of light to decrease. This phenomenon is known as the refraction of light.

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  • 30. 

    The slower the light passes through a lens, the ____ it gets refracted.

    • Less

    • More

    • No change

    Correct Answer
    A. More
    Explanation
    When light passes through a lens, it gets refracted or bent. The speed at which light travels through a medium determines the degree of refraction. The slower the light passes through a lens, the more it gets refracted. This is because the change in speed causes the light waves to change direction as they enter the lens, resulting in a greater bending effect. Therefore, the correct answer is "more".

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  • 31. 

    How can we ensure that there is no unwanted, induced prismatic effects?

    • Optical center coincides with line of sight

    • Optical center coincides with fovea

    • Optical center coincides with geometric center

    Correct Answer
    A. Optical center coincides with line of sight
    Explanation
    To ensure that there are no unwanted, induced prismatic effects, it is important for the optical center to coincide with the line of sight. This means that the point where light rays converge in the lens should align with the direction in which the individual is looking. When the optical center and line of sight coincide, it helps to minimize any distortion or prismatic effects that may occur, providing a clear and accurate visual experience.

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  • 32. 

    The distance between the optical center and the line of sight is the amount of:

    • Induced prism

    • Decentration

    • MRP

    Correct Answer
    A. Decentration
    Explanation
    this amount of decentration is then used to calculate the amount of prism induced by decentration

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  • 33. 

    The major reference point (MRP) of the lens is where the prism amount is unequal to the amount that has been prescribed for the patient.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The MRP is the point on the lens where the prism amount is equal to the amount that has been prescribed for the patient.

    -When there is no prism called for in the prescription, the OC and the MRP are exactly the same

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  • 34. 

    Reflection is when light rays are redirected in a different direction, usually with a loss in amplitude

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Reflection is when light rays are redirected in a different direction, usually WITHOUT the loss of amplitude.
    Refraction is the redirection of light rays due to the loss in amplitude.

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  • 35. 

    The coordinate system for prism is the same as with cylinder axis.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Similar: the zero degree marks the start from the observer's right and increases CCW
    Dissimilar: a zero degree prism base orientation differs from a 180 degree prism base orientation

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  • 36. 

    In which occupations are round segments useful?

    • Golfers

    • Plumbers

    • Electricians

    • Painter/artist

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    Round segments can be useful in various occupations. Golfers can benefit from round segments as they are often used to shape the trajectory of the golf ball during a swing. Plumbers may use round segments to cut and shape pipes. Electricians can utilize round segments when working with wires and cables. Painter/artists may find round segments helpful for creating circular shapes or curves in their artwork. Therefore, all of the above occupations can make use of round segments in their respective fields.

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  • 37. 

    Indicate the incorrect match.

    • Age 40 --> 1D adds

    • Age 50--> 1.5 D adds

    • Age 60 --> 3 D adds

    Correct Answer
    A. Age 50--> 1.5 D adds
    Explanation
    40 1D
    50 2D
    60 3D

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  • 38. 

    What was the Datum System used for?

    • Proper adjustment of lenses

    • Determine placement of OCs and MF heights

    • Determine cosmetically best seg choices

    Correct Answer
    A. Determine placement of OCs and MF heights
    Explanation
    useful when frames were small and symmetrical. by the 1950s frame shapes were more varies and asymmetrical and the Datum System was no longer accurate

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  • 39. 

    For a fused multifocal design, which area has the higher n?

    • Distance

    • Near

    • All the same

    Correct Answer
    A. Near
    Explanation
    In a fused multifocal design, the area with the higher n refers to the refractive index. The refractive index determines how light is bent as it passes through a lens. Since the question is asking which area has the higher n, it means that the near area of the multifocal design has a higher refractive index compared to the distance area. This suggests that the lens is designed to provide better vision for near objects, such as reading or close-up tasks.

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  • 40. 

    The Segment Depth is the:

    • Widest portion of the lens

    • The longest vertical dimension of the segment

    • The longest horizontal dimension of the segment

    Correct Answer
    A. The longest vertical dimension of the segment
    Explanation
    The segment depth refers to the longest vertical dimension of the segment. This means that it measures the distance from the top edge of the segment to the bottom edge. It is important to determine the segment depth accurately in order to ensure proper fitting of the lens and to provide optimal vision correction for the wearer.

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  • 41. 

    C will always be greater than A

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    C will NEVER be greater than A

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  • 42. 

    The amount of prism induced requires knowledge of what factor(s)?

    • Power of the lens

    • Distance away from the OC of the lens

    • The refractive error of the patient

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Power of the lens
    A. Distance away from the OC of the lens
    Explanation
    Prentice's Rule: induced prism = d(cm) x F
    F= power of lens

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  • 43. 

    When do we use the Sine-Squared Method?

    • If we decenter the sphero-cyl lens too much

    • If the decentration is minimal

    • If the Rx has an oblique axis

    Correct Answer
    A. If the Rx has an oblique axis
    Explanation
    The Sine-Squared Method is used when the prescription (Rx) has an oblique axis. This method helps in calculating the power of the lens accurately, taking into account the angle of the oblique axis. By using this method, the lens can be properly aligned and adjusted to provide the correct vision correction for the patient.

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  • 44. 

    When neutralizing a pair of glasses you measure +200-075x180. The near add power is +200, the sphere and cyl target lines would read ____ and ____ when viewed through the segment.

    • +4.00, -3.25

    • +400, +3.25

    • -400, +3.25

    Correct Answer
    A. +400, +3.25
    Explanation
    Put the Rx into a power cross and add the near to each of the meridians

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  • 45. 

    How much power does a prism have if it is able to displace an image by 5cm at a viewing distance of 0.5m?

    • 10 cm

    • 100 cm

    • 5cm

    • 20 cem

    Correct Answer
    A. 10 cm
    Explanation
    deviation/viewing distance = x/1 m (solve for x)

    5cm/0.5m = x/1m
    x=10 cm or 10 pd

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  • 46. 

    What is the most preferred bifocal design due to less distortion?

    • Round segment

    • Ultex

    • Flat top

    Correct Answer
    A. Flat top
    Explanation
    The most preferred bifocal design due to less distortion is the flat top design. This design is known for providing a smooth transition between the distance and near vision areas, minimizing any distortion or blurriness. The flat top design also offers a larger reading area compared to other designs, making it more comfortable for the wearer to read or perform close-up tasks.

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  • 47. 

    How many optical centers do Executive bifocals have?

    • 0

    • 1

    • 2

    Correct Answer
    A. 1
    Explanation
    monocentric; results in NO IMAGE JUMP when shifting gaze from distance to near

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  • 48. 

    The full prism power must be placed on the eye that is deviated

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The full prism power can be placed before one eye or can be divided equally or unequally between the two eyes

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  • 49. 

    As the ledge sticks out more for a flat top, the seg narrows

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The ledge sticks out more as the seg widens

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Apr 26, 2011
    Quiz Created by
    Tseemore

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