Test De Progres Nr. 1 - Termodinamica

The correct answer is "schimbul de căldură între sistem şi mediul exterior" which translates to "the exchange of heat between the system and the external environment." The explanation for this is that in an adiabatic process, there is no transfer of heat between the system and its surroundings. This means that the system is insulated and no heat is gained or lost to the environment. However, other forms of energy transfer, such as work, can still occur.

The correct answer is "volum molar" because it refers to the volume of one mole or kilomole of gas. This term is commonly used in chemistry to describe the amount of space occupied by a specific number of gas particles. It is a fundamental concept in the study of gases and is used in various calculations and equations, such as the ideal gas law.

The correct answer is "a intensităţii mişcării termice a moleculelor." This is because temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance. The higher the temperature, the faster the molecules are moving. Therefore, temperature is a measure of the intensity of the thermal motion of the molecules.

The correct answer is "este o mărime fizică fundamentală". This is because the quantity of substance is considered a fundamental physical quantity, meaning it is a basic and independent measurement in physics. It is not dependent on any other physical quantities and is essential for describing the behavior and properties of substances. It is measured in units such as moles or molecules and reflects the fundamental nature of substances at the atomic or molecular level.

The correct answer is "difuzie" or "difuzia". This refers to the phenomenon of molecules from one substance penetrating or spreading among the molecules of another substance.

The correct answer is "mișcare termică, miscare termica, agitație termică, agitatie termica." These terms all refer to the spontaneous, permanent, and disorderly movement of molecules, which increases with temperature.

In an isothermal transformation, the pressure of a constant amount of ideal gas varies inversely with the volume of the gas. This means that as the volume of the gas increases, the pressure decreases, and vice versa. This relationship holds true as long as the temperature remains constant during the transformation.

The question asks for the unit of measurement for mass in the International System of Units (S.I.). The correct answer is "kilogram." This is because the kilogram is the base unit for measuring mass in the S.I. system, and it is commonly used in physics textbooks and manuals.

The given correct answer is a list of synonyms for the term "Brownian motion" in Romanian. Brownian motion refers to the random movement of particles suspended in a fluid due to the collision with the fluid molecules. The term "mișcării browniene" directly translates to Brownian motion, while "agitației termice" and "agitatia termica" both refer to thermal agitation, which is the cause of Brownian motion. "Miscarea browniana" and "miscarii browniene" are also synonymous phrases for Brownian motion.