Transverse And Longitudinal Waves Quiz

A sound wave is an example of a longitudinal wave because it consists of compressions and rarefactions that travel through a medium, such as air or water, in a parallel direction to the wave's motion. In a sound wave, particles of the medium vibrate back and forth parallel to the direction of the wave, resulting in the transfer of energy. This is characteristic of longitudinal waves, where the displacement of particles is parallel to the direction of wave propagation. The other options mentioned, such as a wave made by a moving rope, a wave made by dipping your hand in a pond, and an ocean wave, are examples of transverse waves, where the displacement of particles is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.

When Will shouts "Hello" in a canyon, the sound waves travel through the air and hit the canyon walls. The sound waves then bounce back towards Will, creating an echo. This process is known as reflection, where the sound waves are redirected back towards the source. Therefore, the correct answer is "being reflected."

Paula is measuring the number of wave crests that reach the shore in a given time. The frequency of a wave refers to the number of complete wave cycles that occur in a given time period. Therefore, Paula's measurement of the number of wave crests reaching the shore corresponds to the frequency of the waves.

Forces can cause waves by creating disturbances. When a force is applied to a medium, it can disrupt the equilibrium and create a disturbance in the form of a wave. This disturbance travels through the medium, causing particles to move in a wave-like motion. The force can be applied directly to the medium, such as when a person throws a stone into a calm pond, or indirectly, such as when wind blows over the surface of water, creating waves. In either case, the force creates a disturbance that propagates as a wave.

To determine the wavelength of a wave, Martin should measure the distance between one trough and the next. The wavelength is the spatial period of a wave, representing the distance between two consecutive points with the same phase, such as two adjacent troughs or crests. By measuring the distance between troughs, Martin can determine the length of one complete wave cycle, which is the wavelength.

The speed of a wave can be calculated by multiplying its wavelength by its frequency. In this case, the wavelength is given as 20 m and the frequency is given as 4 wavelengths/s. Multiplying these values together gives us a speed of 80 m/s.

The fact that roads can be bent or broken far away from an earthquake's center suggests that earthquake waves transfer energy over a distance. This is because the energy carried by the waves causes the ground to shake and can cause damage to structures even at a significant distance from the epicenter.

Refractions occur when a wave transitions from one medium to another. As it moves from a medium with one set of properties to a medium with different properties, such as a change in density or composition, the wave changes direction. This change in direction is caused by the change in speed of the wave as it enters the new medium. Therefore, the correct answer is "moves from one medium to another."

Destructive interference occurs when two sound waves meet and their crests and troughs align, causing them to cancel each other out. In this scenario, it is likely that the two speakers are producing sound waves that are out of phase with each other, resulting in areas of quiet sound where the waves are canceling each other. This explains why the sound is much quieter in one place compared to the rest of the room.

Diffraction refers to the bending or spreading of waves as they encounter an obstacle or pass through an opening. In the given options, the only example that demonstrates this phenomenon is a wave in a pond spreading as it passes a rock. As the wave encounters the rock, it will diffract or spread outwards, creating a pattern of ripples around the obstacle. This is a clear example of diffraction, while the other options do not involve the bending or spreading of waves.