Welder approval testing
Welding equipment calibration
Welding procedure approval
Consumables for submerged arc welding
Time
Type of isotope
Source-to-film-distance
Source strength
Molybdenum
Chromium
Titanium
Carbon
Drive moisture from the plate
Prevent excessive hardening in the HAZ
Prevent the formation of carbides
Improve the mechanical properties of the weld metal
He has not done any welding for 4 months
He has been absent from work for 7 months
The repair rate for his work exceeds 1%
His work has been examined by UT only
Liquid state
Intercritical state
Plastic state
Elastic state
Size of discontinuity in a weld joint
Density of a radiographic film
Degree of film contrast
Quality of the radiographic technique
Plasma
Oxy-acetylene
Oxy-propane
It depends upon the thickness.
A buried linear slag inclusion
Buried lack of inter-run fusion
Surface breaking lack of sidewall fusion
Surface porosity
Lack of sidewall fusion
Root undercut
Incompletely filled groove
Root concavity
Excessive porosity
Burn through
Lower toughness
Higher strength
Spray transfer conditions are used
100% CO2 shielding gas is used
Pulsed current is used
Dip transfer
Critical transformation temperature
Ductility dip temperature
Bi-modal temperature
Transition temperature
Weld bead width will increase
Depth of penetration will increase
Weld bead width will decrease
Depth of penetration will decrease
May change the mechanical properties of the joint
May adversely affect the quality of the weld
Will require a new welding procedure to be approved
All of the above
They are all non-magnetic
They all require 100% Ar for GMAW
They all have very high thermal conductivity
Only certain grades can be used for service at very low temperatures
E 6010
E 7016
E 7018
E 6013
Tensile ductility
Notch toughness
Fatigue strength
Creep resistance
Cause excessive oxidation
Not allow sufficient time to relieve stresses
Introduce excessive compressive stresses
Cause distortion
Using inductance
Using 100%CO2
Using Ar +30% He
Increasing the stick-out length
The material may be contaminated
Access to repair area may be difficult
Positional welding may be needed
All of the above
Thulium 170
Ytterbium 169
Iridium 192
Cobalt 60
By using a densitometer
By using an image quality indicator (IQI)
From the KVA used
From the source/tube to work standoff distance used
Tensile strength of the weld
Tensile strength of the joint
Stress/strain characteristics of the weld
Stress/strain characteristics of the joint
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