Unit 4 Target 3: Mitosis Quiz
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The process by which a cell's nucleus divides so that two eukaryotic daughter cell can form is called
- A.
Interphase.
- B.
Cytokinesis.
- C.
Metaphase.
- D.
Mitosis.
Correct Answer
D. Mitosis.Explanation
Mitosis is the correct answer because it is the process by which a cell's nucleus divides to form two identical daughter cells. During mitosis, the chromosomes in the nucleus duplicate and then separate into two sets, which are then evenly distributed to the daughter cells. This process ensures that each daughter cell receives the same genetic material as the parent cell.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following happens when a cell divides?
- A.
It becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients.
- B.
The cell has DNA overload.
- C.
The cell's volume increases.
- D.
Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA.
Correct Answer
D. Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA.Explanation
When a cell divides, each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA. This is an essential process to ensure that each new cell has the necessary genetic information to function properly. This allows for the transmission of genetic material from one generation to the next, and is crucial for the growth and development of organisms. The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately describe what happens during cell division.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?
- A.
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
- B.
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
- C.
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
- D.
Prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
Correct Answer
A. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophaseExplanation
The correct answer is "prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase." This is the proper sequence of the phases of mitosis. Prophase is the first phase, during which the chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope breaks down. Metaphase is the second phase, where the chromosomes align at the center of the cell. Anaphase is the third phase, where the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Telophase is the final phase, where the nuclear envelope reforms and the chromosomes decondense.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The first phase of mitosis is called
- A.
Prophase
- B.
Interphase
- C.
Metaphase
- D.
Anaphase
Correct Answer
A. ProphaseExplanation
During the first phase of mitosis, called prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes. The nuclear envelope breaks down, and the spindle fibers begin to form. The centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell, and the microtubules extend from them to form the mitotic spindle. The chromosomes then become attached to the spindle fibers at their centromeres. Therefore, prophase is the correct answer for the first phase of mitosis.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The structure labeled A in the figure above is called the
- A.
Sister chromatid.
- B.
Centromere.
- C.
Spindle.
- D.
Centriole.
Correct Answer
B. Centromere.Explanation
The structure labeled A in the figure is the centromere. The centromere is a region on a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are held together. It plays a crucial role in the separation of the sister chromatids during cell division. The centromere contains specialized proteins that help attach the spindle fibers, which are responsible for pulling the sister chromatids apart. Therefore, the correct answer is centromere.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The structure labeled B in the figure above are called
- A.
Sister chromatids.
- B.
Centromeres.
- C.
Spindles.
- D.
Centrioles.
Correct Answer
A. Sister chromatids.Explanation
The structure labeled B in the figure above are called sister chromatids. Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome that are formed during DNA replication. They are held together by a region called the centromere, which is responsible for ensuring that each daughter cell receives one copy of the chromosome during cell division. The term "spindles" refers to the structures involved in separating sister chromatids during cell division, while "centrioles" are involved in organizing the spindles. However, in the given figure, the structure labeled B specifically represents sister chromatids.Rate this question:
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- 7.
During which phase(s) of mitosis are chromosomes like the one shown in the figure below?
- A.
Anaphase and prophase
- B.
Metaphase only
- C.
Anaphase and interphase
- D.
Prophase and metaphase
Correct Answer
D. Prophase and metaphaseExplanation
During prophase, the chromosomes condense and become visible. They also pair up with their homologous chromosomes and the nuclear envelope starts to break down. In metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell and become attached to the spindle fibers. Therefore, the chromosomes in the given figure are most likely in the prophase and metaphase stages of mitosis.Rate this question:
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- 8.
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
- A.
Anaphase
- B.
Metaphase
- C.
Prophase
- D.
Telophase
Correct Answer
B. MetaphaseExplanation
During metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell. This is a crucial step in mitosis, as it ensures that each daughter cell receives an equal number of chromosomes during cell division. The alignment of chromosomes at the cell's equator is facilitated by the spindle fibers, which attach to the centromere of each chromosome and help to position them correctly. Once the chromosomes are properly aligned, they are ready to be separated and pulled apart during anaphase. Therefore, metaphase is the correct phase of mitosis for the chromosomes to line up in the middle of the dividing cell.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which picture above represents anaphase?
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
Correct Answer
C. CExplanation
Picture C represents anaphase because it shows the separation of sister chromatids, which is a key characteristic of anaphase. In anaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart by spindle fibers towards opposite ends of the cell, preparing for cell division. Picture C clearly shows this separation, indicating that it represents anaphase.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which picture above represents metaphase?
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
Correct Answer
A. AExplanation
Picture A represents metaphase because it shows the chromosomes aligned along the equator of the cell. In metaphase, the chromosomes are fully condensed and attached to the spindle fibers, preparing for their separation during anaphase. Picture B shows chromosomes scattered and not aligned, which is not characteristic of metaphase. Picture C shows chromosomes starting to separate, indicating anaphase. Picture D shows chromosomes already separated, indicating telophase. Therefore, Picture A is the correct representation of metaphase.Rate this question:
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- 11.
In the figure above, B represents
- A.
Prophase
- B.
Metaphase
- C.
Anaphase
- D.
Telophase
Correct Answer
D. TelophaseExplanation
In the given figure, B represents telophase. This can be identified by the presence of two distinct nuclei forming at opposite ends of the cell. In telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes, and the spindle fibers disassemble. This marks the final stage of mitosis, before the cell undergoes cytokinesis and divides into two daughter cells.Rate this question:
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- 12.
In the figure above, D represents
- A.
Prophase
- B.
Metaphase
- C.
Anaphase
- D.
Telophase
Correct Answer
A. Prophase -
- 13.
What is the role of the spindle during mitosis?
- A.
It duplicates the DNA.
- B.
It breaks down the nuclear membrane.
- C.
It makes the chromosomes visible.
- D.
It helps separate the chromosome.
Correct Answer
D. It helps separate the chromosome.Explanation
During mitosis, the spindle plays a crucial role in separating the chromosomes. The spindle is a structure made up of microtubules that attach to the chromosomes and pull them apart. It ensures that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes during cell division. The spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes and exert force to move them towards opposite poles of the cell. This process ensures the equal distribution of genetic material and the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells.Rate this question:
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