AP - Intro To Chapter 3 - Quiz, Trivia & Questions

2.

Carbohydrate molecules:

Serve as structural components of human cell walls.
Form the regulatory compounds known as enzymes.
Are a source of energy.
Help protect vital organs from damage.
Contain the genetic information of a cell.

Correct Answer

A. Are a source of energy.

Explanation

Carbohydrate molecules are a source of energy. When consumed, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is then used by the body as fuel for various metabolic processes. This energy is essential for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, and organs. Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy, providing quick and readily available fuel for activities and bodily functions.

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3.

Glucose dissolves in water because:

It ionizes
It is a polysaccharide
It has polar hydroxyl groups that interact with polar water molecules
It has a very reactive primary structure
It is hydrophobic

Correct Answer

A. It has polar hydroxyl groups that interact with polar water molecules

Explanation

Glucose dissolves in water because it has polar hydroxyl groups that interact with polar water molecules. The hydroxyl groups in glucose are highly electronegative, creating a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom. This polarity allows glucose molecules to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, leading to their dissolution in water. The interaction between the polar hydroxyl groups of glucose and the polar water molecules enables the formation of a stable solute-solvent interaction, resulting in the dissolution of glucose in water.

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4.

Sucrose is made of

Glucose + Glucose
Glucose + Sucrose
Glucose + Fructose
Fructose + Galactose
Glucose + Galactose

Correct Answer

A. Glucose + Fructose

Explanation

Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose. It is formed through a condensation reaction between a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule, resulting in the formation of a glycosidic bond. This bond connects the two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose, together to form the sucrose molecule.

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5.

Which of the following statements concerning unsaturated fats is correct?

They are more common in animals.
They have no double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids.
They are generally liquids at room temperature.
They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms.
They have fewer fatty acids per fat molecule than do saturated fats.

Correct Answer

A. They are generally liquids at room temperature.

Explanation

Unsaturated fats are generally liquids at room temperature because they have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. These double bonds create kinks in the fatty acid chains, preventing them from packing tightly together. As a result, unsaturated fats have a lower melting point and remain in a liquid state at room temperature. In contrast, saturated fats have no double bonds and their fatty acid chains can pack tightly together, leading to a solid state at room temperature.

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6.

A carbohydrate energy storage molecule found in animal liver and muscle cells is:

Starch
Chitin
Glycogen
Cellulose
Protein

Correct Answer

A. Glycogen

Explanation

Glycogen is the correct answer because it is a carbohydrate energy storage molecule specifically found in animal liver and muscle cells. Starch, cellulose, and chitin are also carbohydrates, but they are not found in animal liver and muscle cells. Protein is not a carbohydrate energy storage molecule.

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7.

Which of these terms is most inclusive?

Monosaccharide
Starch
Polysaccharide
Disaccharide
Carbohydrate

Correct Answer

A. Carbohydrate

Explanation

Carbohydrate is the most inclusive term among the given options. It encompasses all the other terms mentioned in the question. Monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide are all types of carbohydrates. Starch is a complex carbohydrate made up of multiple glucose units. Therefore, carbohydrate is the broadest term that includes all the other options.

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8.

Which one of the following carbohydrates is the most structurally complex?

Sucrose
Fructose
Cellulose
Glucose
A disaccharide

Correct Answer

A. Cellulose

Explanation

Cellulose is the most structurally complex carbohydrate among the given options. It is a polysaccharide made up of repeating glucose units linked together by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. The glucose units in cellulose are arranged in a linear and rigid structure, forming long chains that are interconnected by hydrogen bonds. This complex arrangement gives cellulose its strength and rigidity, making it an important component of plant cell walls. In contrast, sucrose, fructose, glucose, and disaccharides are simpler carbohydrates with fewer structural complexities.

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9.

Which of the following is NOT true of lipids?

They store energy.
They function as structural components of cellular membranes.
They function as hormones
They are nonpolar
They have many oxygen-containing functional groups.

Correct Answer

A. They have many oxygen-containing functional groups.

Explanation

Lipids are organic compounds that are insoluble in water and have many important functions in the body. They store energy, serve as structural components of cellular membranes, and function as hormones. However, lipids do not have many oxygen-containing functional groups. Instead, lipids are primarily composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, with a higher ratio of carbon and hydrogen atoms compared to oxygen atoms.

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10.

A chemical reaction in which polymers are synthesized from their building blocks is called:

Hydrolysis
Condensation
Oxidation
Reduction
Dissosiation

Correct Answer

A. Condensation

Explanation

Condensation is the correct answer because it refers to a chemical reaction in which polymers are synthesized from their building blocks. In condensation reactions, two or more molecules combine, releasing a small molecule such as water as a byproduct. This process allows the monomers (building blocks) to join together and form a polymer chain. Hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, and dissociation do not specifically involve the synthesis of polymers from building blocks.

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AP - Intro To Chapter 3

Hydrocarbons are hydrophobic because:

Quiz Preview

Carbohydrate molecules:

Glucose dissolves in water because:

Sucrose is made of

Which of the following statements concerning unsaturated fats is correct?

A carbohydrate energy storage molecule found in animal liver and muscle cells is:

Which of these terms is most inclusive?

Which one of the following carbohydrates is the most structurally complex?

Which of the following is NOT true of lipids?

A chemical reaction in which polymers are synthesized from their building blocks is called: