Ob/GYN Class- Internal Female Pelvic Anatomy Pt 2
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
The _____________ ______________ are paired, coiled muscular tubes that extend from the cornua of the uterus into the peritoneal cavity.
Correct Answer
fallopian tubesExplanation
The fallopian tubes are paired, coiled muscular tubes that extend from the cornua of the uterus into the peritoneal cavity. They serve as the pathway for eggs to travel from the ovaries to the uterus. Fertilization of the egg by sperm typically occurs within the fallopian tubes before the fertilized egg implants in the uterus.Rate this question:
- 2.
What are the two other names for fallopian tubes?
Correct Answer
oviducts, salpines
oviducts, salpinxExplanation
The fallopian tubes are also known as oviducts and salpines. Another term for fallopian tubes is salpinx.Rate this question:
- 3.
The function of the fallopian tubes is to _____________ the ovum from the ______________ to the _____________
Correct Answer
transport, ovary, uterusExplanation
The fallopian tubes serve the purpose of transporting the ovum from the ovary to the uterus. They provide a pathway for the egg to travel after it is released from the ovary during ovulation. The fallopian tubes have small hair-like structures called cilia that help move the egg towards the uterus. Once fertilization occurs, the fallopian tubes also provide a suitable environment for the fertilized egg to implant in the uterus for pregnancy to begin.Rate this question:
- 4.
The fallopian tube is lined with __________, which are essential to the movement of the egg through the tube into the uterus
Correct Answer
ciliaExplanation
The fallopian tube is lined with cilia, which are tiny hair-like structures. These cilia play a crucial role in the movement of the egg through the fallopian tube towards the uterus. The coordinated beating of the cilia helps to create a current that propels the egg forward, allowing it to reach the uterus where it can potentially be fertilized. Without the presence of cilia, the egg would have difficulty navigating through the fallopian tube, hindering the chances of successful fertilization and pregnancy.Rate this question:
- 5.
True or false- if the cilia in the fallopian tube are damaged, the egg will still get pushed along normally
Correct Answer
falseExplanation
if the cilia in the fallopian tube are damaged the egg may NOT get pushed along normallyRate this question:
- 6.
Name three things that can damage the fallopian tubes
Correct Answer
infection, endometriosis, scar tissueExplanation
Infection, endometriosis, and scar tissue are all factors that can damage the fallopian tubes. Infections, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), can cause inflammation and scarring in the tubes, leading to blockages and impairing the movement of eggs. Endometriosis, a condition where the tissue lining the uterus grows outside of it, can also affect the fallopian tubes, causing adhesions and blockages. Scar tissue, which can result from surgeries, infections, or trauma, can also lead to tubal damage and blockages, preventing the eggs from reaching the uterus and increasing the risk of infertility.Rate this question:
- 7.
The fallopian tubes have three layers; an outer _________ layer, a middle ___________ layer, and an inner ____________ layer which contains ___________
Correct Answer
serosal, muscular, mucosa, ciliaExplanation
The fallopian tubes are composed of three layers. The outer layer is called the serosal layer, which provides protection and support to the tubes. The middle layer is the muscular layer, which helps in the movement of the eggs through the tubes. The inner layer is the mucosa layer, which contains specialized cells called cilia. These cilia help in the movement of the eggs by creating a wave-like motion, pushing them towards the uterus.Rate this question:
- 8.
What are the four divisions of the fallopian tube?
Correct Answer
interstitial, isthmus, ampulla, infundibulumExplanation
The four divisions of the fallopian tube are interstitial, isthmus, ampulla, and infundibulum. The interstitial part is the narrowest and connects to the uterus. The isthmus is the next segment, followed by the wider ampulla. The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped end of the fallopian tube that has finger-like projections called fimbriae. These divisions play a crucial role in the transportation of the egg from the ovary to the uterus and are essential for fertilization to occur.Rate this question:
- 9.
This part of the fallopian tube is the narrowest portion that is enclosed within the uterine wall.
Correct Answer
interstitialExplanation
The correct answer is "interstitial" because it refers to the part of the fallopian tube that is located within the uterine wall and is the narrowest portion.Rate this question:
- 10.
Another name for the interstitial part of the fallopian tube is>>>
Correct Answer
intramuralExplanation
The correct answer is "intramural." The interstitial part of the fallopian tube is called intramural. This section of the fallopian tube is located within the wall of the uterus. It is the shortest segment of the fallopian tube and connects the isthmus to the uterine cavity.Rate this question:
- 11.
This part of the fallopian tube is the short, straight, narrow portion
Correct Answer
isthmusExplanation
The isthmus refers to the short, straight, and narrow portion of the fallopian tube. It is the segment that connects the ampulla, which is the wider and more curved part of the tube, to the uterine cavity. The isthmus serves as a crucial site for fertilization and the transportation of the fertilized egg towards the uterus.Rate this question:
- 12.
This part of the fallopian tube is the longest portion, most tortuous (twisty) portion and terminates in the trumpet shaped infundibulum. Fertilization usually takes place here.
Correct Answer
ampullaExplanation
The ampulla is the correct answer because it is the longest and most tortuous portion of the fallopian tube, and it terminates in the trumpet-shaped infundibulum. This is the ideal location for fertilization to occur because it provides a spacious environment for the sperm and egg to meet.Rate this question:
- 13.
This part of the fallopian tube is the most lateral portion with a funnel shaped opening.
Correct Answer
infundibulumExplanation
The infundibulum is the most lateral portion of the fallopian tube with a funnel-shaped opening. It is located closest to the ovary and serves as the entry point for the released egg during ovulation. The funnel shape of the infundibulum helps to guide the egg into the fallopian tube for fertilization.Rate this question:
- 14.
The infundibulum has numerous fingerlike projections called...
Correct Answer
fimbriaeExplanation
The infundibulum is a part of the female reproductive system, specifically the fallopian tubes. It is responsible for capturing the released egg from the ovary. The fingerlike projections on the infundibulum are called fimbriae. These fimbriae help in the movement of the egg towards the fallopian tube and aid in its fertilization by the sperm.Rate this question:
- 15.
The fallopian tube terminates at the fimbriated end of the infundibulum and opens into the ___________ ___________, adjacent to the ovary.
Correct Answer
peritoneal cavityExplanation
The fallopian tube ends at the fimbriated end of the infundibulum and opens into the peritoneal cavity, which is located adjacent to the ovary. This means that the fallopian tube is connected to the peritoneal cavity, allowing for the passage of eggs from the ovary into the tube for fertilization.Rate this question:
- 16.
The total length of the fallopian tubes in adults is ___(#) - ___(#) cm.
Correct Answer
7, 14Explanation
The total length of the fallopian tubes in adults can vary between 7 and 14 centimeters.Rate this question:
- 17.
The tubal lumen _________ as it moves away from the uterus.
Correct Answer
widensExplanation
As the tubal lumen moves away from the uterus, it widens. This means that the inner space of the fallopian tube becomes larger in diameter. This widening is important for the movement of the egg from the ovary to the uterus, as it allows for easier passage through the fallopian tube.Rate this question:
- 18.
The ____________ portion of the fallopian tubes is the narrowest portion measuring ___(#) mm
Correct Answer
interstitial, 1Explanation
The interstitial portion of the fallopian tubes is the narrowest portion, measuring 1 mm.Rate this question:
- 19.
The ____________ of the fallopian tubes is the widest portion measuring ____(#) mm
Correct Answer
ampulla, 6Explanation
The ampulla is the widest portion of the fallopian tubes, measuring 6 mm.Rate this question:
- 20.
Sonographically, the fallopian tubes are ________ seen except when distended with fluid
- A.
Often
- B.
Rarely
- C.
Never
- D.
Always
Correct Answer
B. RarelyExplanation
The correct answer is "rarely" because the fallopian tubes are not typically visible on a sonogram unless they are filled with fluid. This is because the fallopian tubes are small and narrow structures that are not easily visualized on ultrasound imaging.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The interstitial part of the fallopian tubes may be seen in the _________ scanning plane
- A.
Sagittal
- B.
Transverse
- C.
Coronal
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. TransverseExplanation
The interstitial part of the fallopian tubes may be seen in the transverse scanning plane. The transverse scanning plane refers to a cross-sectional view of the body, where the imaging probe or device is positioned perpendicular to the long axis of the fallopian tubes. This allows for a clear visualization of the interstitial part, which is the segment of the fallopian tubes that extends from the uterine wall to the ampulla. The sagittal and coronal planes would not provide the same level of detail or visibility of the interstitial part. Therefore, the correct answer is transverse.Rate this question:
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- 22.
When a fertilized ovum implants in any area outside the endometrial cavity it is called...
Correct Answer
ectopic pregnancyExplanation
When a fertilized egg implants anywhere other than the uterus, it is known as an ectopic pregnancy. This can occur in various locations such as the fallopian tubes, cervix, or even the abdomen. Ectopic pregnancies are not viable and can be life-threatening for the mother if not detected and treated promptly.Rate this question:
- 23.
_____(#) % of ectopic gestations occur in the fallopian tubes
Correct Answer
97 - 24.
Name two non-tubal sites for an ectopic pregnancy
Correct Answer
ovaries, abdomenExplanation
An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside of the uterus. The fallopian tubes are the most common site for an ectopic pregnancy, but it can also occur in other locations. The ovaries are one possible non-tubal site for an ectopic pregnancy. In this case, the fertilized egg implants directly on the surface of the ovary. The abdomen is another non-tubal site where an ectopic pregnancy can occur. In this situation, the fertilized egg implants on the peritoneal lining in the abdominal cavity. These non-tubal ectopic pregnancies are less common than tubal ectopic pregnancies but can still pose serious risks to the mother.Rate this question:
- 25.
____(#) - ____(#) % of women have repeat ectopics due to tubal scarring. This increases up to ____(#)% after two ectopics
Correct Answer
10, 16, 30Explanation
The given answer indicates the percentages of women who have repeat ectopics due to tubal scarring. Initially, 10% of women experience repeat ectopics. This percentage increases to 16% after two ectopics, and further increases to 30%. This suggests that the risk of repeat ectopics due to tubal scarring progressively rises with the number of previous ectopic pregnancies a woman has had.Rate this question:
- 26.
The most common site for an ectopic pregnancy is the _________ of the fallopian tube
Correct Answer
ampullaExplanation
The ampulla is the most common site for an ectopic pregnancy in the fallopian tube. This is because the ampulla is the widest and most distal part of the fallopian tube, providing an ideal environment for the fertilized egg to implant and develop. The ampulla has a rich blood supply and is lined with ciliated cells that help transport the fertilized egg towards the uterus. However, if the fertilized egg implants in the ampulla instead of the uterus, it can lead to an ectopic pregnancy.Rate this question:
- 27.
What are three symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy?
Correct Answer
pain, bleeding, pelvic massExplanation
Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants itself outside the uterus, typically in the fallopian tube. This abnormal implantation can cause various symptoms. Pain is a common symptom, usually felt on one side of the abdomen or pelvis. Bleeding may occur, often heavier or different from regular menstrual bleeding. A pelvic mass can also be present, which is a result of the growing pregnancy outside the uterus. These three symptoms, pain, bleeding, and pelvic mass, are indicative of an ectopic pregnancy and should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare professional.Rate this question:
- 28.
A ___________ pregnancy is the most dangerous because it is surrounded by myometrium, which allows for greater growth compared to the thin walls of the tube.
Correct Answer
cornualExplanation
A cornual pregnancy is the most dangerous because it occurs in the cornua, which is the area where the fallopian tube meets the uterus. This type of pregnancy is surrounded by myometrium, the muscular layer of the uterus, which allows for greater growth compared to the thin walls of the fallopian tube. This can lead to complications such as rupture of the cornual pregnancy, which can result in severe bleeding and endanger the life of the mother.Rate this question:
- 29.
Maternal veins lie ___________ to the cornua which may cause massive hemorrhaging from late ectopic rupture
Correct Answer
adjacentExplanation
The correct answer is "adjacent." Maternal veins lying adjacent to the cornua can cause massive hemorrhaging from late ectopic rupture. This means that when the maternal veins are located close to the cornua, there is a higher risk of severe bleeding if there is a rupture in a later stage of an ectopic pregnancy.Rate this question:
- 30.
This is the simultaneous intrauterine and extrauterine implantation. It is rare but increasing in number due to the increase in infertility treatments.
Correct Answer
heterotopic pregnancyExplanation
Heterotopic pregnancy refers to the occurrence of simultaneous intrauterine and extrauterine implantation, where a woman is pregnant with both an embryo implanted in the uterus and another implanted outside the uterus, typically in the fallopian tube. This condition is considered rare but has been on the rise due to the increased use of infertility treatments, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). The embryo in the uterus may continue to develop normally, while the extrauterine pregnancy usually requires medical intervention or surgery to prevent complications.Rate this question:
- 31.
These are paired almond shaped organs that lie on the posterior segment of the broad ligament.
Correct Answer
ovariesExplanation
The given statement describes the location and shape of the organs, which are almond-shaped and located on the posterior segment of the broad ligament. The only organs that fit this description are the ovaries. The ovaries are paired organs in the female reproductive system that produce eggs and hormones.Rate this question:
- 32.
The surface of the ovary is not covered by the peritoneum, but by a single layer of ___________
Correct Answer
epitheliumExplanation
The surface of the ovary is not covered by the peritoneum, but by a single layer of epithelium. Epithelium is a type of tissue that covers the external and internal surfaces of organs and lines body cavities. In the case of the ovary, the epithelium forms a protective layer on its surface. This layer of epithelium helps to maintain the integrity and function of the ovary by providing a barrier against potential damage or infection.Rate this question:
- 33.
The position of the ovaries vary but typically, they lie _______________ to the uterus within the _____________
Correct Answer
posterolateral, adnexaExplanation
The ovaries are positioned in the body in a variable manner, but typically they are located posterolateral to the uterus within the adnexa. The term "posterolateral" indicates that the ovaries are positioned towards the back and sides of the uterus, while "adnexa" refers to the area near the uterus where the ovaries are found.Rate this question:
- 34.
The ___________ of the ovary is the central portion containing loose connective tissue, vessels and nerves.
Correct Answer
medullaExplanation
The medulla of the ovary refers to the central portion that contains loose connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves. This region plays a crucial role in providing support and nourishment to the ovarian follicles. Additionally, the medulla also houses the ovarian blood supply and lymphatic vessels.Rate this question:
- 35.
The ___________ of the ovary is made up of dense connective tissue and ovarian follicles
Correct Answer
cortexExplanation
The correct answer is "cortex". The cortex of the ovary is composed of dense connective tissue and ovarian follicles. This region of the ovary is responsible for the production and maturation of eggs, as well as the secretion of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. The dense connective tissue provides structural support to the ovary, while the ovarian follicles contain the developing eggs.Rate this question:
- 36.
The ___________ _____________ of the ovary is tough, white fibrous connective tissue. It is not seen on ultrasound.
Correct Answer
tunica albugineaExplanation
The tough, white fibrous connective tissue surrounding the ovary is called the tunica albuginea. This structure is not visible on ultrasound imaging.Rate this question:
- 37.
The ___________ is located at the attachment of the ovary to the mesovarium. This is the point of entrance for blood vessels and nerves
Correct Answer
hilumExplanation
The hilum is a depression or slit-like opening located at the attachment of the ovary to the mesovarium. It serves as the point of entrance for blood vessels and nerves into the ovary.Rate this question:
- 38.
During menstruating years, ovarian size is approximately ___(#) - ___(#) cm in length
Correct Answer
2.5, 5Explanation
During menstruating years, the size of the ovaries is approximately 2.5 to 5 centimeters in length. This range is considered normal for women during their reproductive years. The ovaries are responsible for producing and releasing eggs, and their size can vary depending on factors such as hormonal changes and the stage of the menstrual cycle.Rate this question:
- 39.
During menstruating years, ovarian size is approximately ___(#) - ___(#) cm in width
Correct Answer
1.5, 3Explanation
During menstruating years, the ovarian size is approximately 1.5 to 3 cm in width. This suggests that the ovaries, which are responsible for producing eggs and releasing hormones, are relatively small in size during this period. The size of the ovaries can vary depending on factors such as age, hormonal changes, and overall health.Rate this question:
- 40.
During menstruating years, ovarian size is approximately ___(#) - ___(#) cm in A/P dimension
Correct Answer
.6, 2.2Explanation
During menstruating years, the ovarian size in the anteroposterior (A/P) dimension is approximately 0.6 cm to 2.2 cm.Rate this question:
- 41.
Following menopause, the ovary ____________ and follicles ______________
Correct Answer
atrophies, disappearExplanation
After menopause, the ovary undergoes atrophy, which means it shrinks in size and loses its normal function. This is because the production of estrogen and progesterone, which are hormones responsible for the menstrual cycle and fertility, decreases significantly. As a result, the follicles, which contain the eggs, also gradually disappear. This is a natural process that occurs as a woman ages and reaches the end of her reproductive years.Rate this question:
- 42.
Ovarian volume is calculated using the formula (____ x ____ x ____)/____(Letters and numbers)
Correct Answer
L, W, H, 2Explanation
The correct answer is L, W, H, 2. This formula is used to calculate ovarian volume. L represents the length, W represents the width, and H represents the height of the ovary. By multiplying these three dimensions and dividing the result by 2, we can determine the volume of the ovary.Rate this question:
- 43.
Pre-menarchal ovarian volume is ____ cm ^3
Correct Answer
3
3.0Explanation
The correct answer is 3 or 3.0 because pre-menarchal ovarian volume is typically measured in cubic centimeters (cm^3). Both 3 and 3.0 represent the same value, which is the standard unit of measurement for ovarian volume.Rate this question:
- 44.
Ovarian volume during menstruating years should be no greater than ____ cm^3
Correct Answer
9.8Explanation
During menstruating years, the normal ovarian volume should not exceed 9.8 cm^3. This is because an increase in ovarian volume could indicate the presence of ovarian cysts or other abnormalities. Monitoring ovarian volume is important for detecting and diagnosing conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or ovarian tumors. Therefore, a volume greater than 9.8 cm^3 may require further investigation and medical intervention.Rate this question:
- 45.
Post menopausal ovarian volume is ___ cm^3
Correct Answer
5.8Explanation
The post menopausal ovarian volume is 5.8 cm^3.Rate this question:
- 46.
The ovary is located on the _____________ surface of the ____________ ligament
Correct Answer
posterior, broadExplanation
The correct answer is "posterior, broad." The ovary is located on the posterior surface of the broad ligament. The broad ligament is a double-layered fold of peritoneum that attaches the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries to the pelvic sidewall. The posterior surface of the broad ligament refers to the side that is closer to the back of the body. Therefore, the ovary is situated on the back surface of the broad ligament.Rate this question:
- 47.
Name the three ligaments that anchor the ovary
Correct Answer
ovarian ligament, infundibulopelvic ligament, mesovarium
ovarian, infundibulopelvic, mesovariumExplanation
The three ligaments that anchor the ovary are the ovarian ligament, infundibulopelvic ligament, and mesovarium. These ligaments provide support and stability to the ovary within the pelvic cavity. The ovarian ligament attaches the ovary to the uterus, while the infundibulopelvic ligament connects the ovary to the pelvic sidewall. The mesovarium is a fold of peritoneum that suspends the ovary from the posterior surface of the broad ligament.Rate this question:
- 48.
Although ovarian location varies, they generally are __________ to the uterus and _________ to the internal iliac arteries.
Correct Answer
lateral, anteriorExplanation
The correct answer is lateral, anterior. The ovaries are typically located on the sides of the uterus, which makes them lateral to the uterus. They are also positioned in front of or anterior to the internal iliac arteries.Rate this question:
- 49.
Each ovary is connected by the _______________ ligament to the broad ligament
Correct Answer
mesovariumExplanation
The mesovarium is a ligament that connects each ovary to the broad ligament. This ligament provides support and stability to the ovary within the pelvic cavity. It also contains blood vessels and nerves that supply the ovary, allowing for proper functioning and hormone production. Overall, the mesovarium plays a crucial role in maintaining the position and function of the ovaries within the female reproductive system.Rate this question:
- 50.
The lateral and posterior borders of each ovary are ________
Correct Answer
freeExplanation
The lateral and posterior borders of each ovary are "free" because they are not attached or connected to any surrounding structures. This allows the ovaries to move and have some degree of mobility within the pelvic cavity. The term "free" indicates that there are no attachments or adhesions that would restrict the movement of the ovaries.Rate this question:
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Aug 02, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Sep 18, 2010Quiz Created by
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