Cadeias Alimentares

This statement is true because in a food chain, energy flows from one organism to another in a unidirectional manner. Energy is transferred through the consumption and digestion of organisms, starting from producers (such as plants) to primary consumers (herbivores), secondary consumers (carnivores), and so on. However, the matter or nutrients in the ecosystem are recycled and circulated through processes like decomposition and nutrient cycling.

The correct answer states that the producers occupy the first trophic level and are autotrophs. This means that they are able to produce their own food through photosynthesis. Autotrophs are organisms that can convert sunlight into energy and nutrients, and they form the base of the food chain by providing energy to other organisms. Therefore, the statement accurately describes the role and characteristics of producers in an ecosystem.

O fitoplâncton e as algas são os principais produtores das cadeias alimentares aquáticas. O fitoplâncton é composto por organismos microscópicos, como as diatomáceas e as cianobactérias, que realizam a fotossíntese e produzem matéria orgânica a partir da energia solar. As algas, por sua vez, são organismos multicelulares que também realizam a fotossíntese e contribuem para a produção de matéria orgânica na água. Ambos são a base da cadeia alimentar aquática, sendo consumidos por outros organismos como o zooplâncton, que por sua vez são consumidos por peixes e outros animais aquáticos.

Cadeias alimentares são sequências de transferência de energia entre diferentes organismos em um ecossistema. À medida que a energia é transferida de um nível trófico para outro, uma parte dela é perdida como calor devido às atividades vitais dos seres vivos. Essa perda de energia limita o comprimento das cadeias alimentares, pois a quantidade de energia disponível diminui a cada transferência. Portanto, a explicação para a resposta correta é que os seres vivos gastam energia em suas atividades vitais, o que limita a extensão das cadeias alimentares.

Decompositores são organismos que quebram a matéria orgânica em substâncias mais simples, como nutrientes minerais. Esses nutrientes são então absorvidos pelas plantas e outros organismos para serem utilizados no crescimento e metabolismo. Portanto, a opção correta é que os decompositores transformam a matéria orgânica em matéria mineral.

The correct answer is "Falso" because not all food chains rely on plants as their source of energy. Some food chains are based on chemosynthesis, where organisms derive energy from inorganic compounds, while others are based on carnivores that obtain energy by consuming other animals. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that all food chains rely on plants as their source of energy.

The correct answer is "menor número de animais e menos biomassa" because the top of the food chain typically consists of a smaller number of animals, such as predators, which have a higher energy requirement and consume larger amounts of prey. However, the overall biomass at the top of the food chain is usually lower because energy is lost as it moves up the food chain through the process of consumption and metabolism.

The correct answer is "ocupa o 3º e 4º nível trófico" because the question is asking about the position of the eagle in the food chain. The trophic levels represent the different levels of the food chain, with each level representing a different group of organisms. The eagle occupies both the 3rd and 4th trophic levels, indicating that it is both a consumer and a predator in the food chain.

The correct order of events in a food chain is as follows:
d) The producers produce organic matter (food) through photosynthesis.
b) The herbivorous consumers feed on the producers, obtaining energy from the organic matter.
c) The carnivorous consumers feed on the herbivores, obtaining energy from the organic matter.
e) Decomposers feed on the remains of dead organisms, breaking them down and returning nutrients to the soil.
a) As a result of decomposition, the soil becomes enriched with inorganic minerals.