Vitamins!

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1. Also known as cobalamins 

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Vitamins!

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2. Also known as Vitamin B3

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3. Also known as Vitamin B1

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4. Intake of this vitamin early in pregnancy is associated with reduced incidence of neural tube defect spina bifida

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5. The patient is bleeding from the gum, has poor wound healing, altered mental status and complains of recurrent infections, he may be deficient in this vitamin

Explanation

scurvy

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6. Deficiency leads to Beri Beri 

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7. Individuals suffering from pernicious anemia are at a risk of developing deficiency in this vitamin

Explanation

they lack intrinsic factor

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8. This vitamin is involved in collagen synthesis

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9. An excess of this vitamin may mask hematologic manifestation of Vitamin B12 deficiency 

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10. This vitamin can be synthesized from tryptophan

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11. This vitamin binds to R-binder in the stomach and only binds to Intrinsic Factors in the Intestine, thus impaired ileal absorption can lead to a deficiency in this vitamin

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12. This vitamin functions as an antioxidant

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13. Vegans and/or vegetarians are at a greater risk for a deficiency in this vitamin

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14. Total body stores of this vitamin is very high and deficiency due to intake generally develops over months to years in those with adequate stores 

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15. Wernicke's Encephalopathy 

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16. This vitamin is usually bound to protein and requires the action of pepsin the stomach for liberation 

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17. A cofactor for the transketolase reaction, making this vitamin vital for energy utilization

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18. Opthalmoplegia with lateral gaze palsy, ataxia, loss of spontaneity are all symptoms of deficiency in...

Explanation

WK

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19. Transketolase activity is the basis of a diagnostic test for a deficiency in this vitamin

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20. Patient X complains of confusion and difficulty walking; vital signs reveal tachycardia; physical exam is positive for 1+ pitting edema and he was later diagnosed with complete heart failure. Which vitamin is he lacking? 

Explanation

Beri bEri and WK

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21. Involved in carnitine synthesis 

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22. Cofactor in pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction 

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23. Excess of this vitamin may increase risk of oxalate kidney stones

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24. This vitamin has been fortified in cereals and grains in the U.S. since 1998; thus making a dietary deficiency rare 

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25. Accumulation of methylmaloni acid (MMA) is an indicator of a deficiency in this vitamin 

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26. A moderately healthy mother Y gives birth to baby Z; however baby Z soon develops edema, has an elevated heart rate, pale skin, ill temper and ultimately dies of heart failure. Baby Z and Mother Y were most likely deficient in....

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27. The patient complains of rashes in sun-exposed areas and Diarrhea for the past 2 days, her friend at bedside state that she has "just not been herself" and has been "acting very odd and somewhat Demented" If you don't act quick she may DIE. 

Explanation

Pellagra

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28. Symptoms of deficiency in this vitamin may take several months to a year to manifest

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29. Cofactor in the conversion of methylmalonyl  COA to succinyl CoA 

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30. One of its metabolites is oxalic acid 

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31. This vitamin facilitates absorption of non-heme iron

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32. Refeeding syndrome places a patient at a greater risk for a deficiency in this vitamin

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33. This vitamin is present in many foods that are rapidly growing 

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34. Build up of lactic acid may suggest a deficiency in this vitamin

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35. Peripheral neuropathy and calf pain

Explanation

dry beri beri

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36. HIV/AIDs patients are at a greater risk for a deficiency in this vitamin

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37. Patients suffering from Hartnup's disease are at a risk for a deficiency in this vitamin  

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38. High doses of this vitamin in the small intestine may cause bloating and diarrhea 

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39. Involved in the synthesis of acetylcholine and GABA

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40. Necessary for NAD and NADP synthesis 

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41. This vitamin is prescribed for the treatment of dyslipidemia 

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42. The UL is 35 mg/day and is based on flushing. Other signs of toxicity include heartburn, nausea, vomiting, liver toxicity 

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43. Excess in this vitamin may lead to hyperuricemia and gout

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44. The RDA for this vitamin is increased in smokers 

Explanation

smoking imposes greater oxidative stress thus using up more of Vitamin C (antioxidant)

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45. A poor diet places you at a risk for developing a deficiency in which vitamins 

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46. This vitamin contributes to protein and nuerotransmitter metabolism 

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47. Excess in this vitamin may lead to insulin insensitivity 

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48. This vitamin may be bound to the carbohydrates in corn and need to be treated with alkali to make it bioavailable 

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49. Deficiency results in macrocystosis

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50. The UL is 2g/day 

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51. One of the clinical manifestation of a deficiency in this vitamin is neuronal death in the posterior and lateral columns of the spinal cord called subacute degeneration

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52. Reduced levels of NADPH may suggest deficiency in this vitamin

Explanation

cofactor in the trasketolase reaction of PP pathway which generates NADPH

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53. Symptoms of deficiency in this vitamin shows up after 2-3 months 

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54. The primary biological functions of this vitamin are nucleotide synthesis and methylation of compounds

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55. Individuals with malabsorptive disorders are at a risk of developing deficiencies in which vitamin(s)? 

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56. This vitamin shows "dual effect" on cancer risk, where inadequate intake increase risk of certain cancers such as colorectum, breast, whereas high intake accelerate growth in cancerous or pre-cancerous cells 

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57. Someone diagnosed with carcinoid tumor may need to worry about deficiency in this vitamin 

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58. This vitamin is involved in norepinephrine synthesis 

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59. Deficiency in this vitamin eventually leads to megalobastic anemia 

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60. Neuropsychiatric effect of deficiency in this vitamin include mental status, cognitive and mood alterations. Physical exam of the HEENT may be positive for glossitis. She/he may report intermittent and worsening diarrhea over the past couple days/weeks. 

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61. No UL

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62. Which vitamins are involved in the conversion of methyl THF to THF, a reaction that also converts homocysteine to methionine 

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63. Deficiency of this vitamin surfaces after 30-45 days 

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64. Alcoholics are at risk for developing deficiencies in which vitamins 

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Also known as cobalamins 
Also known as Vitamin B3
Also known as Vitamin B1
Intake of this vitamin early in pregnancy is associated with reduced...
The patient is bleeding from the gum, has poor wound healing, altered...
Deficiency leads to Beri Beri 
Individuals suffering from pernicious anemia are at a risk of...
This vitamin is involved in collagen synthesis
An excess of this vitamin may mask hematologic manifestation of...
This vitamin can be synthesized from tryptophan
This vitamin binds to R-binder in the stomach and only binds to...
This vitamin functions as an antioxidant
Vegans and/or vegetarians are at a greater risk for a deficiency in...
Total body stores of this vitamin is very high and deficiency due to...
Wernicke's Encephalopathy 
This vitamin is usually bound to protein and requires the action of...
A cofactor for the transketolase reaction, making this vitamin vital...
Opthalmoplegia with lateral gaze palsy, ataxia, loss of spontaneity...
Transketolase activity is the basis of a diagnostic test for a...
Patient X complains of confusion and difficulty walking; vital signs...
Involved in carnitine synthesis 
Cofactor in pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction 
Excess of this vitamin may increase risk of oxalate kidney stones
This vitamin has been fortified in cereals and grains in the U.S....
Accumulation of methylmaloni acid (MMA) is an indicator of a...
A moderately healthy mother Y gives birth to baby Z; however baby Z...
The patient complains of rashes in sun-exposed areas and Diarrhea for...
Symptoms of deficiency in this vitamin may take several months to a...
Cofactor in the conversion of methylmalonyl  COA to succinyl...
One of its metabolites is oxalic acid 
This vitamin facilitates absorption of non-heme iron
Refeeding syndrome places a patient at a greater risk for a deficiency...
This vitamin is present in many foods that are rapidly growing 
Build up of lactic acid may suggest a deficiency in this vitamin
Peripheral neuropathy and calf pain
HIV/AIDs patients are at a greater risk for a deficiency in this...
Patients suffering from Hartnup's disease are at a risk for a...
High doses of this vitamin in the small intestine may cause bloating...
Involved in the synthesis of acetylcholine and GABA
Necessary for NAD and NADP synthesis 
This vitamin is prescribed for the treatment of dyslipidemia 
The UL is 35 mg/day and is based on flushing. Other signs of toxicity...
Excess in this vitamin may lead to hyperuricemia and gout
The RDA for this vitamin is increased in smokers 
A poor diet places you at a risk for developing a deficiency in which...
This vitamin contributes to protein and nuerotransmitter...
Excess in this vitamin may lead to insulin insensitivity 
This vitamin may be bound to the carbohydrates in corn and need to be...
Deficiency results in macrocystosis
The UL is 2g/day 
One of the clinical manifestation of a deficiency in this vitamin is...
Reduced levels of NADPH may suggest deficiency in this vitamin
Symptoms of deficiency in this vitamin shows up after 2-3 months 
The primary biological functions of this vitamin are nucleotide...
Individuals with malabsorptive disorders are at a risk of developing...
This vitamin shows "dual effect" on cancer risk, where...
Someone diagnosed with carcinoid tumor may need to worry about...
This vitamin is involved in norepinephrine synthesis 
Deficiency in this vitamin eventually leads to megalobastic...
Neuropsychiatric effect of deficiency in this vitamin include mental...
No UL
Which vitamins are involved in the conversion of methyl THF to THF, a...
Deficiency of this vitamin surfaces after 30-45 days 
Alcoholics are at risk for developing deficiencies in which...
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