10th STD - History - Lesson 9 - The Great Revolt Of 1857 (Mangal Pandey Quiz)

Explanation
The term "Military revolt" accurately describes the nature of the revolt of 1857. This uprising was primarily led by Indian soldiers in the British East India Company's army, who rebelled against their British officers. It was a significant event in Indian history, characterized by widespread mutinies and acts of violence by the Indian soldiers. The use of the term "military" highlights the central role played by the armed forces in this revolt, distinguishing it from other movements or uprisings.

Explanation
The correct answer for this question is "First War of Indian Independence." India historians describe the revolt of 1857 as the First War of Indian Independence because it was a significant event in the country's history that marked the beginning of the struggle for independence from British rule. The revolt was not just a military revolt or a simple mutiny by sepoys, but rather a widespread uprising that involved various sections of society, including soldiers, peasants, and rulers. It was a turning point in India's fight for freedom and laid the foundation for future movements against colonial rule.

Explanation
During the great revolt of 1857, the Governor General of India was Lord Canning. He served as the Governor General from 1856 until 1862, and his tenure coincided with the outbreak of the revolt. Lord Canning played a crucial role in managing the crisis and suppressing the rebellion. He implemented various measures to restore order and stability in the country, including the deployment of British troops and the introduction of reforms to address the grievances of the Indian soldiers. His leadership during this critical period in Indian history is widely acknowledged.

Explanation
The correct answer is revenue taxes. In this context, the word "peasants" suggests that we are talking about a rural population or lower-class individuals who are engaged in agricultural activities. "Revenue taxes" refer to the taxes imposed by the government on the income or profits earned by individuals or businesses. This implies that the peasants were burdened with high taxes on their earnings, which could have had a significant impact on their financial well-being.

Explanation
The resumption of the rent-free system was introduced by Lord Bentinck. This refers to the policy of ending the practice of exempting certain individuals or groups from paying rent for the land they occupied. Lord Bentinck implemented this policy during his tenure as the Governor-General of India from 1828 to 1835. The aim was to generate revenue for the British East India Company by ensuring that everyone paid rent for the land they used. This policy had significant implications for the Indian population, particularly the zamindars and landowners who lost their rent-free privileges.

Explanation
The correct answer is 1856. The General Services Enlistment Act was passed in this year.

Explanation
The first sign of unrest appeared at Barrackpore.

Explanation
The Sepoys broke out into open revolt at Meerut because it was the place where the first major uprising against British rule in India, known as the Indian Rebellion of 1857, began. The revolt at Meerut on May 10, 1857, was triggered by the introduction of new rifle cartridges that were rumored to be greased with animal fat, which offended both Hindu and Muslim soldiers. The revolt quickly spread to other parts of India, marking a significant turning point in the fight for independence from British colonial rule.

Explanation
After the 1857 revolt, the British government decided to transfer the power from the East India Company to the British Crown. As a result, the Governor General of India was given the title of Viceroy of India. This change in designation reflected the increased authority and control of the British government over India. The Viceroy of India became the representative of the British monarch and held the highest position of power in India, overseeing the administration and governance of the country on behalf of the British Crown.