Internet Technology Exam!

The correct answer is "Међународне организације за стандардизацију, ISO." ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is a formal standard for computer telecommunications defined by international organizations for standardization. It is responsible for developing and publishing international standards in various industries, including computer telecommunications. ISO standards ensure interoperability, compatibility, and efficiency in telecommunications systems and networks worldwide.

The correct answer is "апликација". In the OSI model, the application layer is the highest layer and is responsible for providing services to the user. It includes software components that interact with the user and provide a user interface. Therefore, an application is a software component that functions at the highest layer of the OSI model and possesses a user interface.

The highest layer of the OSI model is the application layer. This layer is responsible for providing services directly to the end user, such as email, file transfer, and web browsing. It interacts with the software applications that the user interacts with and provides a way for them to communicate with the lower layers of the OSI model.

The correct answer is "долазни саобраћај" which translates to "incoming traffic" in English. This means that the process of decapsulation refers to the incoming traffic.

The correct answer is жичне мреже, бежичне мреже. This is because the question is asking for the main division of computer telecommunications technologies based on the type of media they use. The options provided list different types of networks, including wired networks (жичне мреже) and wireless networks (бежичне мреже). Therefore, the correct answer is a combination of these two types of networks.

The correct answer is "појачивач сигнала (рипитер, хаб)". This is because a repeater or hub operates at the physical layer (1st layer) of the OSI model. These devices amplify or regenerate signals to extend the distance of a network. A router operates at the network layer (3rd layer), and a switch (комутатор) operates at the data link layer (2nd layer).

During a network data transmission between computers in different interconnected networks, both the encapsulation process and the decapsulation process will occur at the router. The router is responsible for receiving the data packets from the sender, encapsulating them with necessary headers and routing information, and then forwarding them to the appropriate destination. At the receiving end, the router will receive the encapsulated packets, remove the headers and routing information through the decapsulation process, and deliver the data to the intended recipient. Therefore, both processes occur at the router.

The correct answer is "физички слој" (physical layer). The physical layer is the lowest layer of the OSI model and is responsible for the transmission and reception of raw data between devices. It deals with the physical characteristics of the network, such as the electrical and mechanical properties of the transmission medium and the physical connections between devices. This layer is concerned with the physical transmission of bits over the network and does not involve any addressing or routing of data.

Internet providers act as intermediaries between the Internet network and its end users. They provide access to the Internet by connecting users to the network and routing their data packets. Internet providers play a crucial role in enabling users to connect to the Internet and access various online services and websites. They are responsible for providing the necessary infrastructure, such as cables, routers, and servers, to ensure a stable and reliable Internet connection for their customers. Therefore, the correct answer is Internet providers.

A device that operates at the 3rd layer of the OSI model is a router.

A device that operates at the 2nd layer of the OSI model is a switch. A switch is responsible for forwarding data packets between devices within a local area network (LAN). It uses the MAC addresses of devices to determine where to send the packets. Unlike a router, which operates at the network layer (layer 3) and can connect multiple networks, a switch is specifically designed for LANs and operates at the data link layer (layer 2).

The speed at which end users access the Internet network increases by approximately 50 percent every year.

Packet data transmission in computer networks refers to the transmission of data in smaller units called packets. Instead of transmitting the entire sequence of bits at once, the data is divided into packets and sent individually. This allows for more efficient and reliable data transmission, as packets can be routed separately and reassembled at the destination.

The correct answer is "одлазни саобраћај" which translates to "outgoing traffic" in English. The process of encapsulation refers to the packaging of data and methods into a single unit, such as a class in object-oriented programming. In the context of this question, "одлазни саобраћај" can be understood as the process of encapsulating or packaging outgoing traffic.

The correct answer is Open Systems Interconnection, OSI. This is a formal standard for computer telecommunications that defines a framework for implementing network protocols. It consists of seven layers, each with its own specific functions and protocols, and provides a standardized way for different systems to communicate with each other. The OSI model is widely used in the field of networking and is essential for ensuring interoperability and compatibility between different network devices and technologies.

The correct answer is the transport layer. The transport layer is responsible for ensuring the reliable delivery of the entire content of communication. It handles the segmentation and reassembly of data, as well as error detection and correction. This layer also provides flow control and congestion control mechanisms to prevent network congestion and ensure efficient transmission of data.

At the end of the first decade of the 20th century, the estimated number of people accessing the Internet was over two billion.

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The correct answer explains that "распакивање пакета Протокола за контролу преноса (ТСР) из пакета Интернет протокола" is an example of "декапсулација" which means "decapsulation" in English. Decapsulation refers to the process of removing the headers and trailers added by the encapsulation process in order to extract the original data.

The correct answer is "Протокол за контролу преноса (ТСР)". This is because the question asks for a protocol that works on the transport layer, and TCP (Протокол за контролу преноса) is a commonly used transport layer protocol in computer networks.

A software component that operates at the highest layer of the OSI model and does not have a user interface is called a "service".

The passage between two or more networks is based on multiple encapsulation.

The correct answer is "Протокол за пренос хипер-текста (НТТР)". This is because the question asks for the protocol that operates at the application layer, and the HTTP protocol is specifically designed for transferring hypertext (text with links) over the internet.

The correct answer is 7 because the OSI reference model for open systems interconnection defines a total of 7 layers in the communication process. These layers are responsible for different functions and tasks in the communication process, including physical transmission, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layers. Each layer has its own specific role and contributes to the overall communication process.

The correct answer is "протокола за контролу преноса (ТСР)". When it comes to transmitting data that is sensitive to changes, it is implied that the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) should be used. TCP provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of data packets over a network. It ensures that data is transmitted accurately and in the correct order, making it suitable for sensitive data that cannot tolerate any changes or errors during transmission.

When it comes to transmitting delay-sensitive data, the use of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is implied. Unlike the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), UDP does not provide guaranteed delivery or error correction, but it is faster and more suitable for real-time applications such as video streaming or online gaming. Therefore, UDP is the preferred protocol for transmitting data that can tolerate some loss or delay.

The layered design of the communication model allows for the improvement of technologies at different levels without risking compatibility with technologies at other levels. This means that advancements can be made in one layer without affecting the functionality of other layers. This approach ensures that upgrades and enhancements can be implemented without causing disruptions or compatibility issues within the network.

The commonly used telecommunication infrastructures for connecting end users to Internet providers are the public telephone network and the cable television network. These networks provide the necessary communication channels for users to access the internet and connect with their service providers. Other options mentioned, such as infrared data transmission, radio-telegraph channels, and Ethernet technology, may also be used for certain purposes, but they are not as commonly used for connecting end users to Internet providers.

The given question is in Serbian language and translates to "Encapsulating Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) packets into Internet Protocol packets is an example of:". The correct answer is "инкапсулације" which means "encapsulation" in English. Encapsulation refers to the process of enclosing one protocol's data packets within another protocol's data packets. In this case, TCP packets are encapsulated within IP packets for transmission over the internet.

The correct answer is "вишеструко удомљених чланова мреже" which translates to "multiple network members." This is because Network Address Translation (NAT) is commonly used in situations where multiple devices or members of a network need to share a single public IP address. NAT allows for the translation of private IP addresses used within the local network to a single public IP address when communicating with devices outside of the network.

Рутирање је функција која омогућава комуникацију између две суседне мреже. Онo је процес преноса података између мрежа путем рутира, који одређују најбољи пут за пренос података. Рутирање је специфично за вишеструко удомљене чланове, јер омогућава комуникацију између различитих мрежа које су удомљене на истом рутеру.

The correct answer includes ADSL and ISDN as examples of internet connection services that use the public telephone network. ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) is a type of broadband internet connection that utilizes the existing copper telephone lines to provide high-speed internet access. ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is a digital communication technology that allows the transmission of voice, data, and video over traditional telephone lines. Both ADSL and ISDN are commonly used methods for connecting to the internet through the public telephone network.

The term "инкапсулација" refers to vertical communication in computer networks.

User services in Internet communication are implemented at the application layer.

The correct answer is "највишег слоја OSI модела чије пакете уређај разуме" because the OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system into seven different layers. Each layer has a specific role and interacts with the layers above and below it. When determining the level at which a network device operates, the highest layer of the OSI model that the device understands is considered. This means that the device can understand and process packets at that particular layer and the layers below it.

The correct answer is 4. The TCP/IP communication model defines four layers of communication.

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The correct answer is "пакет" because in the network layer protocol, the main unit of data is called a "пакет" or packet. A packet is a formatted unit of data that is transmitted over a network and contains the necessary information for routing and delivering the data to its destination.

The most common technologies and infrastructures used for connecting two geographically distant computer networks are public telephone networks and frame relay. These technologies provide reliable and secure communication between the networks.

The term "декапсулација" refers to horizontal communication in computer networks.

The correct answer is TCP/IP модел, Интернет модел. These models refer to the communication model of the Internet network. The TCP/IP model is a widely used protocol suite for network communication, while the Internet model specifically refers to the conceptual model of how the Internet works. Both models are essential for understanding and implementing network communication in the context of the Internet.

The correct answer is "Интернет протокол" which translates to "Internet Protocol" in English. The Internet Protocol (IP) is a network layer protocol that is responsible for addressing and routing data packets across different networks. It is a fundamental protocol in the Internet protocol suite and is used for communication between devices on the internet.

The correct answer is "сегмент" because in the context of the question, it is asking for the basic data unit of the transport layer protocol. A segment is the correct term for this unit in the context of networking protocols.

The main criteria for categorizing computer telecommunications technologies at the 1st and 2nd OSI model layers are the type of data transmission media used and the geographical area they cover. These criteria help determine the physical infrastructure and reach of the technology. Other factors such as security level, compliance with standards, user services provided, and support for packet data transmission may also be important, but they are not specifically mentioned in the given answer.

The correct answer is "оквир" because it is the term used to describe a unit of data that is transmitted over a network. In networking, data is divided into smaller units called frames, which are then transmitted over the network. The term "оквир" is commonly used in the context of data transmission and networking protocols.

Vertical communication in communication models of the Internet network refers to communication between different communication layers.

The correct answer is "слоја за приступ мрежи у Интернет моделу" which translates to "network access layer in the Internet model". This layer is responsible for addressing and routing data packets within a local network. It determines how devices in the network are identified and communicates with each other. The other options mentioned, such as the network layer, inter-network connection layer, and transport layer, are not specifically responsible for addressing members in a local network.

The technology used in the network access layer of the Internet model is Ethernet. Ethernet is a widely used technology for local area networks (LANs) that allows for the transmission of data packets over a network. It provides a means of connecting devices together and allows for the transfer of data between them. Ethernet operates at the physical and data link layers of the OSI model and is the most common technology used for wired LAN connections.

The correct answer is the application layer, presentation layer, and session layer. These three layers in the TCP/IP model correspond to the application layer, presentation layer, and session layer in the OSI model. The application layer is responsible for providing network services to the user, the presentation layer handles data formatting and encryption, and the session layer manages the communication sessions between applications.

The correct answer is "физички слој, слој везе" because these two layers of the OSI model are responsible for the physical connection and transmission of data between network devices. The physical layer deals with the actual hardware and physical transmission media, such as cables and connectors. The data link layer handles the framing and error detection of data packets, ensuring reliable communication between adjacent network devices.