Non-verbal Communications Final Exam

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  • 1/130 Questions

    Artifacts are...

    • Remnants of childhood behaviours.
    • Anything added to the body.
    • Non-verbals passed on by our ancestors.
    • Culturally determined clothing trends.
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About This Quiz

This final exam explores non-verbal communication, including cultural differences, body language, and spatial behavior in interpersonal interactions.

Non-verbal Communications Final Exam - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    An example of an "emblem" is...

    • Middle Finger

    • A stammer/stutter

    • A pause

    • Pacing

    Correct Answer
    A. Middle Finger
    Explanation
    The middle finger is considered an "emblem" because it is a non-verbal gesture that has a specific meaning or message associated with it. In many cultures, extending the middle finger is considered offensive and vulgar, often used to express anger, contempt, or defiance. It is a universally recognized symbol that conveys a strong and clear message without the need for words.

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  • 3. 

    Females apparently are __________ than males at understanding non-verbal messages.

    • Better

    • Just as good

    • Worse

    Correct Answer
    A. Better
    Explanation
    Females apparently are better than males at understanding non-verbal messages. This suggests that women have a higher ability to interpret and comprehend non-verbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice. They may possess a greater sensitivity and intuition when it comes to deciphering the unspoken messages conveyed through non-verbal communication.

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  • 4. 

    Women sought stability, ambition, humour more than attractiveness.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    This statement suggests that women prioritize stability, ambition, and humor over attractiveness when seeking a partner. This implies that these qualities are more important to women in a potential partner than physical appearance.

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  • 5. 

    "No mortal can keep a secret. If his lips are silent, he chatters with his..." This quotation is from:

    • Sigmund Freud

    • Robert Mehrabian

    • Robert Munsch

    • None of the Above

    Correct Answer
    A. Sigmund Freud
    Explanation
    This quotation is attributed to Sigmund Freud. It suggests that it is impossible for a mortal to keep a secret, as even if their lips are silent, they will still reveal the secret through their actions or behavior. Freud, a famous Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, believed that our unconscious thoughts and desires often manifest in subtle ways, such as slips of the tongue or non-verbal cues. Therefore, this quote aligns with Freud's theories about the unconscious mind and the inability to truly keep secrets.

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  • 6. 

    The three body types discussed in the text are: endomorph, mesomorph and

    • Midimorph

    • Paramorph

    • Ectomorph

    • Polymorph

    Correct Answer
    A. Ectomorph
    Explanation
    The correct answer is ectomorph. Ectomorph is one of the three body types discussed in the text, along with endomorph and mesomorph. Ectomorphs are typically characterized as having a lean and slender body type, with a fast metabolism and difficulty gaining weight or muscle mass. This body type is often associated with individuals who are naturally thin and have a smaller bone structure.

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  • 7. 

    "The home is a container for ____________."

    • Dreams.

    • Finding safety.

    • Living in.

    • Nurturing the soul.

    Correct Answer
    A. Dreams.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Dreams." This suggests that the home serves as a vessel or holder for one's aspirations, desires, and ambitions. It implies that the home is a place where dreams can be nurtured, pursued, and realized. It highlights the idea that the home is not just a physical structure, but also a space where one's imagination and goals can flourish.

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  • 8. 

    An example of an "adaptor" is...

    • Fidgeting

    • An action that coincides with a word

    • A person that mirrors another's actions

    • A mirroring technique

    Correct Answer
    A. Fidgeting
    Explanation
    Fidgeting can be considered an example of an "adaptor" because it is an action that coincides with a word. When someone is nervous or anxious, they may engage in fidgeting, such as tapping their foot or playing with their hands. This physical movement is a way of adapting to their emotional state and is often done unconsciously. Therefore, fidgeting can be seen as an example of an "adaptor" behavior.

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  • 9. 

    "Affect Blends" are...

    • Thinking two conflicting ideas at once

    • Conveying two emotions at the same time

    • Trying to change two things at once

    • Experiencing two emotions at the same time

    Correct Answer
    A. Conveying two emotions at the same time
    Explanation
    "Affect Blends" refer to the simultaneous expression or display of two different emotions. This means that an individual is conveying or experiencing two emotions at the same time. It could be a combination of happiness and sadness, anger and fear, or any other combination of emotions. Affect blends occur when there is a blending or mixing of emotions, leading to a complex emotional state.

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  • 10. 

    Because display rules are shared, we suggested in class (and from the text) that following them is not necessarily lying.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The explanation for the given correct answer is that display rules refer to the social norms and expectations regarding the expression and suppression of emotions. These rules are shared among individuals in a particular culture or society. Following display rules does not necessarily mean lying because it is a way of conforming to social norms and maintaining social harmony. It involves controlling one's emotions and expressing them in a socially acceptable manner. Therefore, it is true that following display rules is not equivalent to lying.

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  • 11. 

    "No moral can keep silent. If his lips are silent, he chatters with his..."

    • Eyes

    • Face

    • Fingertips

    • Toes

    • Body

    Correct Answer
    A. Fingertips
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Fingertips". This is because the phrase "If his lips are silent, he chatters with his fingertips" suggests that when a moral person chooses not to speak, they express themselves through their actions, particularly through their fingertips. This implies that their gestures, touch, or actions with their fingertips convey their thoughts or emotions.

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  • 12. 

    In paralanguage, Glottis control has to do with

    • Muscles at the back of the tongue

    • The vocal chords

    • How much one opens one's mouth

    • Swallowing

    Correct Answer
    A. The vocal chords
    Explanation
    Glottis control refers to the control and manipulation of the vocal cords. The vocal cords are responsible for producing sound in the larynx. By adjusting the tension and position of the vocal cords, one can control the pitch, volume, and quality of their voice. Therefore, the correct answer is "The vocal chords."

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  • 13. 

    Women were perceived as more dominant if they had

    • Lower voices

    • Higher pitched voiced

    • More hand gestures

    • Ambiguous regulators

    Correct Answer
    A. Lower voices
    Explanation
    Women were perceived as more dominant if they had lower voices because a lower voice pitch is typically associated with power and authority. In many cultures, a deeper voice is often associated with masculinity and strength, which can contribute to perceptions of dominance. Additionally, a lower voice can convey confidence and assertiveness, qualities often associated with dominant individuals.

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  • 14. 

    Studies have found that up to age _____ sex is not an important factor in distancing norms.

    • 7

    • 10

    • 3

    • 14

    Correct Answer
    A. 7
    Explanation
    Studies have found that up to age 7, sex is not an important factor in distancing norms. This means that children, regardless of their gender, tend to follow similar distancing behaviors. After age 7, there may be differences in how boys and girls perceive and practice personal space, but up until that age, sex does not play a significant role in distancing norms.

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  • 15. 

     In the recent chapter on proxemics, the two studies cited were related to what animals?

    • Deer and

    • Rats and Birds

    • Rats and

    • Rats and Deer

    Correct Answer
    A. Rats and Deer
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Rats and Deer. The question asks about the two studies cited in the recent chapter on proxemics, specifically relating to what animals. The correct answer is Rats and Deer, indicating that these two animals were the subjects of the studies mentioned in the chapter.

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  • 16. 

     In class, the ideal shape for the living room was suggested as:

    • Square

    • Circle

    • Rectangle

    • Octagon

    Correct Answer
    A. Square
    Explanation
    The ideal shape for a living room is suggested to be a square because it allows for optimal use of space and efficient furniture arrangement. A square shape provides equal proportions on all sides, making it easier to create a balanced and harmonious layout. It also allows for better traffic flow and facilitates conversation among people in the room. Additionally, a square shape provides a sense of stability and symmetry, creating a visually pleasing and comfortable environment.

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  • 17. 

    "Self-synchrony" refers to how one.

    • Regulates one's non-verbal actions

    • Matches one's gestures to one's words

    • Matches one's gestures to those of another

    • Tries to use an array of non-verbal behaviours

    Correct Answer
    A. Matches one's gestures to one's words
    Explanation
    "Self-synchrony" refers to the ability to match one's gestures to one's words. This means that a person's non-verbal actions, such as hand movements or facial expressions, are in sync with the words they are speaking. This synchronization between gestures and words helps to convey a consistent message and enhances effective communication.

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  • 18. 

    "Conjugate Lateral Eye Movements" means...

    • Whether we look left or right when thinking shows which side is our dominant brain side

    • Being nervous. It suggests that we have intentions that we are not stating in our words.

    • We have difficulty matching our eye movements to our body messages

    • We have difficulty with eye contact

    Correct Answer
    A. Whether we look left or right when thinking shows which side is our dominant brain side
    Explanation
    Conjugate lateral eye movements refer to the direction in which our eyes move when we are thinking. Looking left or right indicates the dominance of a particular side of our brain. This phenomenon suggests that our brain hemispheres have different functions, and the side towards which our eyes move can provide insights into our dominant brain side.

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  • 19. 

    The study of touch is also known as

    • Haptics

    • Synaptics

    • Olfactics

    • Tactilics

    Correct Answer
    A. Haptics
    Explanation
    Haptics is the study of touch, including the perception and interpretation of tactile sensations. It involves understanding how humans sense and respond to touch, as well as the use of touch in communication and technology. Synaptics is a term related to touch technology, specifically referring to touchpad and touchscreen interfaces. Olfactics is the study of smell, while Tactilics is not a recognized term. Therefore, the correct answer is Haptics.

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  • 20. 

    According to the text, the first sense we learn is...

    • Touch

    • Hearing

    • Sight

    • Smell

    Correct Answer
    A. Touch
    Explanation
    The text states that the first sense we learn is touch. This suggests that touch is the initial sense that develops in humans.

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  • 21. 

    Studies have found that up to age _____ sex is not an important factor in distancing norms (territoriality concerns).

    • 5

    • 7

    • 12

    • 14

    Correct Answer
    A. 7
    Explanation
    Studies have found that up to age 7, sex is not an important factor in distancing norms (territoriality concerns). This means that children under the age of 7 do not show significant differences in their behavior regarding personal space and territorial boundaries based on their gender. However, after the age of 7, there may be a shift in how boys and girls perceive and maintain personal space.

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  • 22. 

    Even the attainment of reading ability can be affected by having been touched or not.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement suggests that being touched or not can have an impact on a person's ability to attain reading skills. This implies that physical touch may play a role in cognitive development and learning processes, potentially influencing the development of reading abilities.

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  • 23. 

    In using eye gaze for power, the gazer...

    • Looks at the person when speaking, away when listening

    • Looks at the person when listening

    • Seldom looks at the person, but to cast sharp glances

    Correct Answer
    A. Looks at the person when speaking, away when listening
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Looks at the person when speaking, away when listening." This answer suggests that the gazer maintains eye contact with the person they are speaking to, which is considered a sign of active listening and engagement. When the gazer is listening, they look away, possibly to focus their attention on processing the information being spoken. This behavior indicates that the gazer is attentive and responsive in their communication.

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  • 24. 

    The expectancy violation model suggests that the outcome of a violation depends largely on the...

    • Reward of the violator

    • Psychological state of the receiver

    • Relationship of the interractants

    • The overall goal of the violation

    Correct Answer
    A. Reward of the violator
    Explanation
    The expectancy violation model suggests that the outcome of a violation depends largely on the reward of the violator. This means that if the violator receives a positive reward or benefit from their actions, the violation may be seen more favorably or accepted by the receiver. On the other hand, if the violator does not receive any reward or if the reward is negative, the violation may be perceived as more negative or unacceptable. The reward of the violator plays a crucial role in determining the impact and consequences of the violation according to this model.

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  • 25. 

    "Visual dominance ratio" is the term for...

    • How long you look at someone while speaking

    • How long you look at someone while listening

    • The relation of eye gaze dominance with body gesture dominance

    • Who in the interaction uses eye gaze dominance more

    Correct Answer
    A. How long you look at someone while speaking
    Explanation
    The term "visual dominance ratio" refers to the duration of time a person looks at someone while speaking. This indicates that the term is specifically related to the amount of eye contact maintained by a speaker during a conversation. It does not encompass how long someone looks at another person while listening, the relationship between eye gaze dominance and body gesture dominance, or who in the interaction uses eye gaze dominance more.

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  • 26. 

     Across 37 cultures women rated attractiveness needs lower than the men did.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    In a study conducted across 37 different cultures, it was found that women consistently rated attractiveness needs lower than men did. This suggests that women, on average, place less importance on physical attractiveness compared to men. The study's findings provide evidence for a cross-cultural trend in gender differences when it comes to valuing attractiveness.

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  • 27. 

     According to Stacks, Moore, and Hickman, women more openly displayed negative emotions than men did.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    According to Stacks, Moore, and Hickman, there is no evidence to support the claim that women more openly displayed negative emotions than men did. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

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  • 28. 

    In all types of communication, there are two major components. We decode and we ____________.

    • Pre-code

    • Code

    • Assimilate

    • Encode

    Correct Answer
    A. Encode
    Explanation
    In all types of communication, there are two major components: decoding and encoding. Decoding refers to the process of interpreting or understanding the message received, while encoding involves the creation or formulation of the message to be transmitted. Therefore, the correct answer is "encode," as it completes the statement by indicating the other major component of communication.

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  • 29. 

    1.5 to 4 feet is called _____________ space.

    • Social-consultative

    • Casual-personal

    • Social-personal

    • Social-intimate

    Correct Answer
    A. Casual-personal
    Explanation
    Casual-personal is the correct answer because the given range of 1.5 to 4 feet refers to a distance that is neither too close nor too far. This suggests a level of familiarity and comfort between individuals, where personal conversations can take place without being overly intimate. The term "casual-personal" accurately describes this type of social space.

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  • 30. 

     According to Anderson's 2005 comparison of different religious groups, those who refrain from touch are more likely to be ___________ than Jewish.

    • Protestant

    • Muslim

    • Catholic

    • Rastafarian

    Correct Answer
    A. Protestant
    Explanation
    According to Anderson's 2005 comparison of different religious groups, it was found that those who refrain from touch are more likely to be Protestant than Jewish.

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  • 31. 

    Out of Ekman's seven faces, disgust is the most complex.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Disgust is considered the most complex out of Ekman's seven faces because it involves a combination of various facial expressions, such as wrinkling the nose, raising the upper lip, and tightening the muscles around the eyes. These expressions work together to convey a strong aversion or revulsion towards something. Compared to other emotions like happiness or sadness, which have more straightforward facial expressions, disgust requires a more intricate combination of movements, making it more complex.

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  • 32. 

    With visual egalitarianism...

    • I make sure that I give as much eye contact as I'm getting

    • All members of a group get equal attention

    • Its the opposite of using gaze for power

    • Policies pf equality and diversity are used as symbols

    Correct Answer
    A. All members of a group get equal attention
    Explanation
    The given answer suggests that with visual egalitarianism, all members of a group receive equal attention. This means that the person ensures they give as much eye contact as they are receiving, indicating that they value and acknowledge each individual in the group equally. Visual egalitarianism opposes using gaze or eye contact as a means of asserting power or dominance. Additionally, policies of equality and diversity are used as symbolic representations of this principle.

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  • 33. 

    Fridland is associated with...

    • Basic ecology theory

    • Social exchange theory

    • Standpoint theory

    • Fear avoidance theory

    Correct Answer
    A. Basic ecology theory
    Explanation
    Fridland is associated with basic ecology theory because this theory focuses on the interactions between organisms and their environment. It examines how organisms adapt and evolve in response to environmental factors such as competition for resources, predation, and habitat availability. Fridland's work likely contributes to our understanding of how ecological principles shape the behavior and distribution of organisms in their natural habitats.

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  • 34. 

    One cultural group was noted to kiss both the lips and the chin at the same time.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    This statement suggests that there is a cultural group that practices a specific type of kissing where they kiss both the lips and the chin simultaneously. This implies that in this particular culture, this type of kissing is considered a normal or customary gesture. Therefore, the correct answer is true.

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  • 35. 

    The body buffer zone is flexible.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement "The body buffer zone is flexible" is true. The body buffer zone refers to the personal space or distance that individuals prefer to keep between themselves and others. This distance can vary depending on cultural norms, personal preferences, and the relationship between individuals. Some people may prefer a larger buffer zone, while others may be comfortable with a smaller one. Therefore, the body buffer zone is indeed flexible and can differ from person to person.

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  • 36. 

    Facial expression is ___________ with the level of touch.

    • Often confused

    • Synchronistic

    • Often off kilter

    • Anachronistic

    Correct Answer
    A. Synchronistic
    Explanation
    Facial expression is synchronistic with the level of touch. This means that the facial expressions of an individual are in harmony or in sync with the amount or intensity of touch they are experiencing. For example, if someone is receiving a gentle touch, their facial expressions may reflect relaxation or pleasure. On the other hand, if someone is experiencing a painful or intense touch, their facial expressions may show discomfort or distress. This suggests that there is a connection or correlation between the level of touch and the corresponding facial expressions displayed.

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  • 37. 

    Adler and Towne (1975) suggested that records from 19th and 20th century orphanages point to mortality rates of nearly _________ because of a lack of touch.

    • 90%

    • 100%

    • 80%

    • 75%

    Correct Answer
    A. 100%
    Explanation
    Adler and Towne (1975) suggested that records from 19th and 20th century orphanages indicate that mortality rates were nearly 100% due to a lack of touch. This implies that the absence of physical contact and emotional connection in these orphanages led to a significantly high death rate among the children. Touch is a fundamental human need for healthy development and well-being, and the lack of it can have severe consequences, especially for vulnerable populations like orphaned children.

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  • 38. 

    In Heslin, Nguyen and Nguyen's 1983 study, they showed that women felt that touch from a stranger would be the greatest invasion of privacy, while for men it was touch from...

    • A same-sex individual

    • A parental figure

    • A male peer

    • A person in authority

    Correct Answer
    A. A same-sex individual
    Explanation
    In Heslin, Nguyen and Nguyen's 1983 study, it was found that women felt that touch from a stranger would be the greatest invasion of privacy. However, for men, touch from a same-sex individual was perceived as the greatest invasion of privacy. This suggests that there may be gender differences in how touch from different individuals is perceived and the level of invasion of privacy it entails.

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  • 39. 

    The seven basic emotions displayed by the face were categorized by...

    • Calhoun

    • Knapp

    • Ekman

    • Birdwhistell

    Correct Answer
    A. Ekman
    Explanation
    Ekman is the correct answer because he is known for categorizing the seven basic emotions displayed by the face. He conducted extensive research on facial expressions and identified these emotions as universal across different cultures. Ekman's work has been influential in the field of psychology and has helped in understanding human emotions and nonverbal communication.

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  • 40. 

    Children at 2-3 months look at an attractive face longer than at an unattractive one.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    At 2-3 months, children have a natural preference for attractive faces and tend to look at them for a longer duration compared to unattractive faces. This preference for attractive faces is believed to be innate and is thought to be a result of evolutionary factors. Research has shown that even at this early age, infants are able to differentiate between attractive and unattractive faces and show a stronger interest in attractive faces. This preference for attractiveness is thought to play a role in social bonding and communication development in infants.

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  • 41. 

    The value we place on attractiveness is related to whether or not we are seeking a long-term relationship.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement suggests that our perception of attractiveness is influenced by our intention to pursue a long-term relationship. This implies that when we are looking for a committed partnership, we tend to value attractiveness more. This explanation aligns with various studies that have shown that individuals seeking long-term relationships prioritize physical attractiveness as it is often associated with good health and genetic fitness. On the other hand, those seeking casual relationships may not place as much importance on attractiveness.

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  • 42. 

    The key term coined by Ashley Montague, for our need for touch was “skin _________".

    • Hunger

    • Attraction

    • Pressure

    • Kinesics

    Correct Answer
    A. Hunger
    Explanation
    The key term coined by Ashley Montague for our need for touch was "skin hunger". This term refers to the innate human desire for physical contact and touch. It highlights the importance of touch in human relationships and the impact it has on our overall well-being.

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  • 43. 

    Bed is a good example of which of Goffman's territories of the self?

    • Sheath

    • Possessional

    • Stall

    • Personal

    Correct Answer
    A. Stall
    Explanation
    The term "territories of the self" refers to the different spaces or areas where individuals can express their identity and exercise control. In this context, a "stall" can be seen as a personal space that individuals can claim and control, such as a bathroom stall. A bed, being a private space where individuals can relax, sleep, and express their personal preferences, can be considered as an example of a stall in Goffman's territories of the self.

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  • 44. 

    When being asked a math question, our gaze suggests which side of our brain is dominant. This is called:

    • Conjugate lateral eye movement

    • Dominant lateral eye movement

    • Dominant lobe isolation

    • Gaze aversion

    Correct Answer
    A. Conjugate lateral eye movement
    Explanation
    Conjugate lateral eye movement refers to the coordination of both eyes moving together in the same direction. When being asked a math question, our gaze tends to shift towards the side of the brain that is dominant for processing mathematical information. This eye movement can indicate which side of the brain is being used more actively during mathematical thinking. Therefore, the correct answer is "Conjugate lateral eye movement."

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  • 45. 

    In turn-taking, who emits more ambiguous regulators of conversation:

    • Working class speakers

    • Middle-class speakers

    • Upper class speakers

    • Lower class speakers

    Correct Answer
    A. Working class speakers
    Explanation
    Working class speakers emit more ambiguous regulators of conversation compared to middle-class, upper-class, and lower-class speakers. This suggests that working class speakers may use more vague or unclear signals to indicate their intentions or preferences during turn-taking in conversation. It could be due to various factors such as cultural differences, education levels, or communication styles within different social classes. However, without further context or research, it is difficult to determine the exact reasons behind this observation.

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  • 46. 

    According to a 1997 study, people with ____________ showed a having fewer overall health problems.

    • Face symmetry

    • Strong self-concept

    • High attractiveness ratings

    • A more open posture

    • Better eye contact

    Correct Answer
    A. Face symmetry
    Explanation
    According to a 1997 study, individuals with face symmetry showed having fewer overall health problems. This suggests that facial symmetry may be an indicator of good health and genetic fitness. It is believed that facial symmetry is perceived as attractive because it is associated with developmental stability and genetic quality.

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  • 47. 

     According to Birdwhistell's six principles, kinesic communication varies between black Americans and white Americans.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Birdwhistell's six principles of kinesic communication suggest that nonverbal communication, including body language and facial expressions, can vary between different cultural groups. It is possible that kinesic communication may vary between black Americans and white Americans due to cultural differences, socialization, and historical experiences. Therefore, the statement that kinesic communication varies between black Americans and white Americans is true according to Birdwhistell's principles.

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  • 48. 

     The "surrogate mother" experiment, by Harlow (1958) was done with...

    • Mice

    • Monkeys

    • Rats

    • People

    Correct Answer
    A. Monkeys
    Explanation
    The "surrogate mother" experiment conducted by Harlow in 1958 involved monkeys. This experiment aimed to study the effects of maternal deprivation and the importance of social and emotional attachment in primates. Harlow used surrogate mothers made of wire and cloth to investigate the monkeys' attachment behavior and their preference for comfort and security. The study had significant implications for understanding the importance of early social interactions and maternal care in primate development.

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  • 49. 

    Less physically attractive defendants with a deformity have been found to receive lighter sentences.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Research has shown that individuals who are considered less physically attractive or have a deformity tend to receive lighter sentences compared to those who are perceived as more attractive. This could be due to biases and stereotypes that people hold, where they may associate physical attractiveness with positive traits and assume that those who are less attractive are more likely to be guilty or less deserving of harsh punishment. These findings highlight the potential influence of appearance on the criminal justice system and raise questions about fairness and impartiality in sentencing.

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  • Mar 16, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Dec 04, 2018
    Quiz Created by
    Laura
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