1.
Which term is represented by the "" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Proportion
Explanation
The term represented by the "" symbol is proportion.
2.
Which symbol represents probability?
Correct Answer
A. P
Explanation
The symbol "p" represents probability. In probability theory, "p" is commonly used to denote the probability of an event occurring. It is a standard notation that is widely recognized and understood in the field of probability and statistics.
3.
Which symbol represents a t-test?
Correct Answer
A. T
Explanation
The symbol "t" represents a t-test. A t-test is a statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups. It is commonly used when the sample size is small and the population standard deviation is unknown. The t-test compares the t-value, calculated from the sample data, to a critical value to determine if the difference between the means is statistically significant. Therefore, the symbol "t" is associated with the t-test.
4.
Which symbol represents confidence interval?
Correct Answer
A. CI
Explanation
The symbol "CI" represents confidence interval. It is commonly used in statistics to indicate the range of values within which a population parameter is estimated to lie. The confidence interval provides a measure of the uncertainty associated with the estimate, with a higher confidence level indicating a wider interval. In this case, "CI" is the correct answer as it specifically represents confidence interval.
5.
Which symbol represents given that?
Correct Answer
A. |
Explanation
The symbol that represents "given that" is "|". This symbol is commonly used in mathematics and probability to indicate that a certain event or condition is given or assumed to be true. It is used to separate the given information from the desired outcome or result.
6.
Which symbol represents correlation?
Correct Answer
A. R
Explanation
The symbol "r" represents correlation. Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables. The symbol "r" is commonly used to represent the correlation coefficient, which is a numerical value that ranges from -1 to +1. A positive value indicates a positive correlation, meaning that as one variable increases, the other variable also tends to increase. A negative value indicates a negative correlation, meaning that as one variable increases, the other variable tends to decrease. The symbol "r" is used to quantify the degree of correlation between the variables.
7.
Which symbol represents mean?
Correct Answer
A.
Explanation
The symbol that represents mean is "M".
8.
Which symbol represents alpha?
Correct Answer
A.
Explanation
The symbol that represents alpha is "A".
9.
Which symbol represents proportion?
Correct Answer
A.
Explanation
The symbol "CI" in "95%CI" represents confidence interval, which is a range of values that is likely to contain the true population parameter. In this case, the confidence interval represents the proportion of the population with a certain characteristic or attribute. Therefore, the symbol "CI" represents proportion in this context.
10.
Which symbol represents beta?
Correct Answer
A.
11.
Which symbol represents z-score?
Correct Answer
A. Z
Explanation
The symbol "z" represents the z-score.
12.
Which symbol represents number of members?
Correct Answer
A. N
Explanation
The symbol "n" represents the number of members.
13.
Which symbol represents alternative hypothesis?
Correct Answer
A.
Explanation
The symbol that represents the alternative hypothesis is denoted by "Ha". The alternative hypothesis is a statement that contradicts or opposes the null hypothesis and suggests that there is a significant difference or relationship between variables. It is typically used in hypothesis testing to determine if there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis.
14.
Which symbol represents odds ratio?
Correct Answer
A. OR
Explanation
The symbol "OR" represents odds ratio. The odds ratio is a measure of the strength and direction of the association between two variables in a case-control or cohort study. It compares the odds of an event occurring in one group to the odds of the event occurring in another group. The OR value indicates whether the odds are higher or lower in one group compared to the other, and it helps in understanding the relationship between variables.
15.
Which symbol represents median?
Correct Answer
A. M
Explanation
The symbol "M" represents median. The term "mid" also refers to the median. The median is a statistical measure that represents the middle value in a set of data when arranged in order.
16.
Which symbol represents standard deviation?
Correct Answer
A. SD
Explanation
The symbol "SD" represents standard deviation. Standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion or variability of a set of data values. It indicates how spread out the values are from the mean. The symbol "SD" is commonly used in statistical calculations and represents the standard deviation of a population or a sample.
17.
Which symbol represents null hypothesis?
Correct Answer
A.
Explanation
The symbol that represents the null hypothesis is "H0". The null hypothesis is a statement that assumes there is no significant difference or relationship between variables. It is often denoted by "H0" in statistical analysis and hypothesis testing.
18.
Which symbol represents chi square?
Correct Answer
A.
Explanation
The symbol that represents chi square is 2X. Chi square is a statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference between observed and expected frequencies in categorical data. The symbol 2X is commonly used to represent chi square in mathematical equations and statistical analyses.
19.
Which term is represented by the "α" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. AlpHa
Explanation
The term represented by the symbol "α" is Alpha.
20.
Which term is represented by the "SD" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Standard Deviation
Explanation
The term represented by the "SD" symbol is Standard Deviation. This statistical measure is used to quantify the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of data values. It provides information about how spread out the data is from the mean. Standard Deviation is calculated by taking the square root of the variance.
21.
Which term is represented by the "" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Chi square
Explanation
The term represented by the "" symbol is Chi square.
22.
Which term is represented by the "" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Null Hypothesis
Explanation
The term represented by the "" symbol is the Null Hypothesis. In statistical hypothesis testing, the null hypothesis is a statement that assumes there is no significant difference or relationship between variables. It is often denoted by the symbol "" and is the hypothesis that researchers aim to reject in order to support an alternative hypothesis. The null hypothesis serves as a baseline or default assumption until evidence is found to suggest otherwise.
23.
Which term is represented by the "" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Alternative hypothesis
Explanation
The term represented by the "" symbol is the alternative hypothesis. In hypothesis testing, the alternative hypothesis is the statement that contradicts or opposes the null hypothesis. It represents the researcher's belief or claim about the population parameter being tested. The null hypothesis, on the other hand, assumes no significant difference or relationship between variables. The "" symbol is commonly used to denote the alternative hypothesis in statistical notation.
24.
Which term is represented by the "OR" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Odds Ratio
Explanation
The term represented by the "OR" symbol is Odds Ratio.
25.
Which term is represented by the "n" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Number of members
Explanation
The "n" symbol represents the term "number of members."
26.
Which term is represented by the "CI" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Confidence Interval
Explanation
The term represented by the "CI" symbol is Confidence Interval. A confidence interval is a range of values that is used to estimate an unknown population parameter with a certain level of confidence. It provides a measure of the uncertainty or variability associated with the estimate.
27.
Which term is represented by the "p" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Probabilty
Explanation
The term represented by the "p" symbol is probability. Probability is a measure of the likelihood of an event occurring. It is often represented by the letter "p" in mathematical equations and formulas.
28.
Which term is represented by the "" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Mean
Explanation
The symbol "" is commonly used to represent the mean in statistics. The mean is the average value of a set of numbers, calculated by adding up all the values and dividing by the total number of values. In this case, the correct answer is "Mean" because the symbol "" is typically used to denote the mean in statistical notation.
29.
Which term is represented by the "z" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Z-score
Explanation
The term represented by the "z" symbol is the z-score. The z-score is a statistical measurement that describes the position of a raw score in terms of its distance from the mean of a group of scores. It tells us how many standard deviations a particular data point is from the mean. The z-score is often used in hypothesis testing, as well as in determining the probability of a particular value occurring within a distribution.
30.
Which term is represented by the "M" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Median
Explanation
The "M" symbol represents the term "Median." Median is a statistical measure that represents the middle value in a set of data when it is arranged in ascending or descending order. It is commonly used to describe the central tendency of a data set and is less affected by extreme values compared to the mean.
31.
Which term is represented by the "t" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. T-test
Explanation
The term represented by the "t" symbol is a t-test. A t-test is a statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups. It is commonly used when comparing the means of a sample to a known population mean or when comparing the means of two independent samples. The "t" symbol in this context refers to the t-distribution, which is used in calculating the test statistic for the t-test.
32.
Which term is represented by the "" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Beta
Explanation
The term represented by the "" symbol is Beta.
33.
Which term is represented by the "r" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Correlation
Explanation
The term represented by the "r" symbol is correlation. Correlation measures the relationship between two variables and is often represented by the letter "r" in statistics. It indicates the strength and direction of the relationship, with values ranging from -1 to +1. A positive value indicates a positive relationship, a negative value indicates a negative relationship, and a value close to zero indicates no relationship.
34.
Which term is represented by the "" symbol?
Correct Answer
A. Proportion
Explanation
The term represented by the "" symbol is proportion.
35.
Which of the following is a correct definition for "p-value"?
Correct Answer
A. Describes the probability that an observed effect occurred by chance alone
Explanation
The correct answer is "Describes the probability that an observed effect occurred by chance alone." This definition accurately describes the concept of p-value, which is a statistical measure used in hypothesis testing. The p-value represents the probability of obtaining a result as extreme or more extreme than the observed result, assuming that the null hypothesis is true. A low p-value indicates that the observed effect is unlikely to have occurred by chance, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis.
36.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "null hypothesis"?
Correct Answer
A. A hypothesis that the effect of the intervention to the desired outcome is zero(no effect)
Explanation
The term "null hypothesis" refers to a hypothesis that states there is no effect or relationship between variables. In other words, it assumes that the intervention being tested has no impact on the desired outcome. This hypothesis is often used as a starting point for statistical hypothesis testing, where the goal is to either reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis based on the evidence and data collected.
37.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "alpha"?
Correct Answer
A. The level of significance; describes how extreme observed results must be in order to reject the null hypothesis (that the observed effect occurred by chance alone)
Explanation
The term "alpha" refers to the level of significance in hypothesis testing. It represents the threshold for determining whether the observed results are extreme enough to reject the null hypothesis. In other words, it determines the probability of making a Type I error (rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true). A lower alpha value indicates a stricter criterion for rejecting the null hypothesis, while a higher alpha value allows for a greater chance of rejecting the null hypothesis.
38.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "beta"?
Correct Answer
A. The "weight" or contribution that a single variable makes to the overall model
Explanation
The term "beta" refers to the weight or contribution that a single variable makes to the overall model. This means that beta represents the impact or influence of a specific variable on the model's outcome. It helps in understanding the relative importance of different variables in the model and their effect on the overall result.
39.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "correlation"?
Correct Answer
A. The degree of relationship between two variables
Explanation
The correct answer is the degree of relationship between two variables. Correlation measures the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables. It indicates how closely the variables are related to each other.
40.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "t-test"?
Correct Answer
A. A statistical test used to determine whether two mean values are significantly different
Explanation
The correct answer is "A statistical test used to determine whether two mean values are significantly different." This definition accurately describes what a t-test is. A t-test is a statistical test that is used to compare the means of two groups and determine if they are significantly different from each other. It is commonly used in hypothesis testing and can help researchers make conclusions about the population based on sample data.
41.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "chi-square test"?
Correct Answer
A. A test of independence of groups.
Explanation
The correct definition for the term "chi-square test" is a test of independence of groups. This statistical test is used to determine if there is a relationship between two categorical variables. It compares the observed frequencies in each category with the expected frequencies under the assumption of independence. If the calculated chi-square value is significant, it indicates that there is a significant relationship between the variables.
42.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "confidence interval"?
Correct Answer
A. The range of possible values for which the results of the real effect are still true.
Explanation
A confidence interval is a range of values within which the true population parameter is estimated to lie with a certain level of confidence. It provides a measure of the uncertainty associated with a statistical estimate. In this case, the correct definition states that a confidence interval is the range of possible values for which the results of the real effect are still true, meaning that the true population parameter is likely to fall within this range.
43.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "odds ratio"?
Correct Answer
A. The odds that an outcome will occur given a particular exposure, compared to the odds of the outcome occurring in the absence of that exposure
Explanation
The term "odds ratio" refers to the comparison between the odds of an outcome occurring given a specific exposure and the odds of the outcome happening in the absence of that exposure. It is a measure used in statistics to assess the association between an exposure and an outcome. By comparing the odds, we can determine the likelihood of the outcome happening with and without the exposure, allowing us to understand the impact of the exposure on the outcome.
44.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "alternative hypothesis"?
Correct Answer
A. The statement of what a statistical hypothesis test is set up to establish.
Explanation
The term "alternative hypothesis" refers to the statement of what a statistical hypothesis test is set up to establish. In hypothesis testing, there are two competing hypotheses: the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. The null hypothesis represents the default position or the absence of an effect, while the alternative hypothesis represents the researcher's belief or expectation about the presence of an effect. The alternative hypothesis is what the statistical hypothesis test aims to support or provide evidence for.
45.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "n"?
Correct Answer
A. The number of members in a sample.
Explanation
The correct definition for the term "n" is the number of members in a sample. In statistics, "n" represents the sample size, which refers to the number of individuals or observations included in a particular study or analysis. This value is important as it helps determine the representativeness and reliability of the data collected from the sample. A larger sample size generally leads to more accurate and precise results.
46.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "mean"?
Correct Answer
A. The value obtained by dividing the sum of observed values by the number of observations.
Explanation
The correct definition for the term "mean" is the value obtained by dividing the sum of observed values by the number of observations. This is the most commonly used measure of central tendency and provides the average value of a set of data. It is calculated by adding up all the values and then dividing by the total number of values.
47.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "median-value"?
Correct Answer
A. The middle value in a dataset.
Explanation
The term "median-value" refers to the middle value in a dataset. This means that if the dataset is arranged in ascending or descending order, the median-value would be the value that falls exactly in the middle. It is different from the mean, which is the average of all values in the dataset. The median is a useful measure of central tendency, especially in cases where there are outliers or extreme values that can skew the mean.
48.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "standard deviation"?
Correct Answer
A. An indication of how close the entire set of data is to the average value.
Explanation
Standard deviation is a measure of how spread out the data points in a data set are around the mean. It provides an indication of the variability or dispersion of the data. A higher standard deviation indicates that the data points are more spread out from the mean, while a lower standard deviation indicates that the data points are closer to the mean. Therefore, the correct definition for standard deviation is that it is an indication of how close the entire set of data is to the average value.
49.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "proportion"?
Correct Answer
A. The percentage of the population that has the characteristics in question.
Explanation
The term "proportion" refers to the percentage of the population that has the characteristics in question. This definition implies that proportion is a measure of the relative size or quantity of a specific attribute within a population. It does not refer to the overall closeness of data to the average value, the average number of members in a sample representing a population, or the statement of a statistical hypothesis.
50.
Which of the following is a correct definition for the term "z-score"?
Correct Answer
A. An indication of how many standard deviations an observation is from the mean.
Explanation
A z-score is a statistical measurement that describes a value's relationship to the mean of a group of values. It indicates how many standard deviations an observation is from the mean. A positive z-score means the observation is above the mean, while a negative z-score means it is below the mean. The magnitude of the z-score indicates the distance from the mean in terms of standard deviations. Therefore, the correct definition for the term "z-score" is that it is an indication of how many standard deviations an observation is from the mean.