Math Quiz: How Much You Can Score In Profit And Loss Test?

Explanation
He cost price of 1 apple = 1/10 th of a dollar or Rs 0.10. As Shyam wishes to make a profit of 25%, his selling price per apple will be 0.10 + 25% of 0.10 = Rs 0.125. If the selling price of 1 apple is Rs 0.125, then the selling price of a dozen apples = 12 * 0.125 = Rs 1.5

Explanation
Solution:


C.P = Rs.(80000+5000+1000)

= Rs.86000

Profit= 25%.

S.P = 12.5% of Rs. 86000

=Rs.(125/100×86000)

=Rs.107500.

Explanation
If the merchant initially marked her goods up by 50%, it means that the selling price is 150% of the cost price. To sell at no profit or loss, the selling price should be equal to the cost price. Therefore, the maximum percentage discount that the merchant can offer is the difference between 150% and 100%, which is 50%. To calculate the discount as a percentage of the marked price, we divide the discount of 50% by the marked price of 150%, resulting in a maximum percentage discount of 33.33%.

Explanation
To find the price at which the plot must be sold in order to gain 15%, we need to first calculate the original price of the plot. Since the owner loses 15% when it is sold for Rs. 18,700, we can set up the equation: 85% of the original price = Rs. 18,700. Solving this equation, we find that the original price of the plot is Rs. 22,000. To calculate the price at which it must be sold in order to gain 15%, we add 15% of Rs. 22,000 to the original price. 15% of Rs. 22,000 is Rs. 3,300, so the price at which the plot must be sold is Rs. 22,000 + Rs. 3,300 = Rs. 25,300.

Explanation
For X, SP=1080 and loss=10% => CP = 1080/0.9 =1200 => loss = 1200-1080 = 120.
For Y, SP=1800 and loss=10% => CP = 1800/0.9 = 2000 => loss = 2000-1800 = 200.

Explanation
Solution

Let C.P.= Rs. 100. Then, Profit = Rs. 320, S.P. = Rs. 420.

New C.P. = 125% of Rs. 100 = Rs. 125

New S.P. = Rs. 420.

Profit = Rs. (420 - 125) = Rs. 295.

Required percentage = (295 /420 *100) % = 1475/81 % = 70 % appox

Explanation
Solution:

Let the cost price of 1 article be Rs 1.
Therefore, cost price of 20 articles = 20 * 1 = Rs 20

The selling price of 25 articles = cost price of 20 articles = Rs 20.

Now, we know the selling price of 25 articles. Let us find the cost price of 25 articles.

Cost price of 25 articles = 25 * 1 = Rs 25.

Therefore, profit made on sale of 25 articles = Selling price of 25 articles - cost price of 25 articles

= 20 - 25 = - Rs 5.

As the profit is in the negative, the merchant has made a loss of Rs 5.

Therefore, % loss = (Loss/Cost Price) * 100

% loss = [ -5/25 ] *100 = 20% loss.

Explanation
Solution:

Let C.P be Rs.x

Then,

2% of x=(400 - 380)=20
x/50 = 20 x
x= =1000.

Explanation
When the cost increases by 25%, the new cost becomes 125% of the original cost. Since the selling price remains constant, the profit will also remain constant. Therefore, the profit is still 320% of the original cost. To find what percentage of the selling price the profit is, we need to calculate (profit/original selling price) * 100. This is equal to (320/100) * 100, which simplifies to 320. Therefore, the profit is 320% of the selling price. However, the answer choices only include percentages up to 250%. Among the given options, the closest percentage to 320% is 70%.

Explanation
The percentage of profit or loss is 100/7 profit. This can be calculated by finding the difference between the selling price and the cost price and then dividing it by the cost price. In this case, the selling price of 100 oranges is Rs. 48 per dozen, which is equivalent to Rs. 4 per orange. The cost price of 100 oranges is Rs. 350. Therefore, the profit is Rs. (4 * 100) - 350 = Rs. 50. To find the percentage of profit, we divide the profit by the cost price and multiply by 100: (50/350) * 100 = 100/7 profit.

Explanation
Sheetal earned a profit equal to 1/4th of the price he bought the article for. This means that the profit made is 1/4th of the cost price. If the selling price is Rs.375, then the cost price can be calculated by dividing the selling price by 1 + profit percentage. In this case, the profit percentage is 1/4th or 25%. So, the cost price would be Rs.375 / (1 + 0.25) = Rs.300. Therefore, the correct answer is Rs.300.

Explanation
The man sells the pen for Rs.15 and experiences a loss of one sixteenth of what it costs him. This means that the selling price of the pen is 15/16 of its cost. To find the cost of the pen, we can set up the equation: (15/16) * cost = 15. Solving for the cost, we get cost = (15 * 16)/15 = 16. Therefore, the cost of the pen is Rs.16.

Explanation
The cost of the article including the sales tax is Rs 616. If the rate of sales tax is 10%, then the selling price of the article would be 110% of the cost price. Let the cost price of the article be x. So, 110% of x is equal to Rs 616. By solving this equation, we can find that x is equal to Rs 560. Since the shopkeeper has made a profit of 12%, the selling price would be 112% of the cost price. So, 112% of x is equal to Rs 616. By solving this equation, we can find that x is equal to Rs 550. Therefore, the cost price of the article is Rs 550.

Explanation
A single discount equivalent to a discount series of 10% and 20% would be 28%. This means that if an item originally costs $100, applying a 28% discount would result in a final price of $72. The 10% discount would reduce the price to $90, and then the additional 20% discount would further reduce it to $72. Therefore, a single discount of 28% is equivalent to the discount series of 10% and 20%.

Explanation
Vikas bought paper sheets for Rs 7200 and spent Rs 200 on transport, so his total cost is Rs 7400. He made 330 boxes and sold them at Rs 28 each, so his total revenue is Rs 9240. His profit is the difference between his revenue and cost, which is Rs 9240 - Rs 7400 = Rs 1840. To calculate the profit percentage, we divide the profit by the cost and multiply by 100: (1840/7400) * 100 = 24.86%. Rounding to the nearest whole number, the profit percentage is 25%. The answer provided, 15.5, is incorrect.

Explanation
The trader is mixing two varieties of rice with different prices to create a new mixture. The cost price of the first variety of rice is Rs. 20 per kg and the cost price of the second variety is Rs. 36 per kg. The trader then sells the mixture at Rs. 30 per kg. To calculate the profit percentage, we need to compare the selling price with the cost price.

The cost price of the mixture can be calculated by finding the weighted average of the two varieties of rice. The total weight of the mixture is 26 kg + 30 kg = 56 kg.

The cost price of the first variety of rice is 26 kg * Rs. 20 per kg = Rs. 520.
The cost price of the second variety of rice is 30 kg * Rs. 36 per kg = Rs. 1080.

The total cost price of the mixture is Rs. 520 + Rs. 1080 = Rs. 1600.

The selling price of the mixture is 56 kg * Rs. 30 per kg = Rs. 1680.

The profit made by the trader is Rs. 1680 - Rs. 1600 = Rs. 80.

The profit percentage is (80/1600) * 100 = 5%.

Therefore, the correct answer is 5%.

Explanation
The shopkeeper sells the pen for Rs.10 and loses 1/11 of its cost. This means that the selling price of the pen is 10/11 of its cost. Let's assume the cost price of the pen is x. So, 10/11 of x is equal to Rs.10. Solving this equation, we find that x is equal to Rs.11. Therefore, the cost price of the pen is Rs.11.

Explanation
The fruit seller purchases 3 oranges for Rs. 5, which means the cost price of each orange is Rs. 5/3. He sells 2 oranges for Rs. 4, which means the selling price of each orange is Rs. 2. Therefore, the profit per orange is Rs. 2 - Rs. 5/3 = Rs. 1/3. The profit percentage can be calculated as (profit per orange / cost price per orange) * 100 = (1/3 / 5/3) * 100 = 20%. Hence, the profit in the transaction is 20%.

Explanation
The percentage of profit or loss can be calculated by finding the difference between the selling price and the cost price, dividing it by the cost price, and multiplying by 100. In this case, the cost price of 100 oranges is Rs. 350. The selling price can be calculated by converting the rate of Rs. 48 per dozen to the rate per orange, which is Rs. 4. The selling price of 100 oranges is Rs. 400. The profit is Rs. 400 - Rs. 350 = Rs. 50. To find the percentage of profit, we divide the profit (Rs. 50) by the cost price (Rs. 350) and multiply by 100. Therefore, the percentage of profit is (50/350) * 100 = 100/7 profit.

Explanation
Sheetal earned a profit equal to 1/4th of the price he bought the article for. This means that the profit made is 1/4th of the cost price. If the selling price is Rs.375, then the cost price would be 4 times the profit, which is Rs.300.

Explanation
The cost of the pen is Rs. 16. This can be determined by setting up a proportion based on the given information. If the man sells the pen for Rs. 15 and loses one sixteenth of what it costs him, then the cost of the pen can be represented as x. The proportion can be set up as (1/16) = (15/x). Cross multiplying and solving for x gives the cost of the pen as Rs. 16.

Explanation
The cost of the article including the sales tax is Rs 616. If the rate of sales tax is 10%, then the cost of the article before the sales tax is Rs 560 (616/1.1). Since the shopkeeper has made a profit of 12%, the cost price of the article is Rs 500 (560/1.12).

Explanation
The price of the jewel increases by 65% in total. The first seller makes a profit of 20% and the second seller makes a profit of 25%. To find the profit earned by the third seller, we need to subtract the profits made by the first two sellers from the total increase in price.

Let's assume the original price of the jewel is 100.

The first seller sells it for 120 (100 + 20% profit)
The second seller sells it for 150 (120 + 25% profit)

The total increase in price is 50 (150 - 100)

Therefore, the profit earned by the third seller is 10% (50/500 * 100).

Explanation
Vikas bought paper sheets for Rs 7200 and spent Rs 200 on transport, making his total cost Rs 7400. He had 330 boxes made, which he sold at Rs 28 each, earning a total revenue of Rs 9240. To find the profit percentage, we need to calculate the profit first. Profit = Revenue - Cost = Rs 9240 - Rs 7400 = Rs 1840. Profit percentage can be calculated using the formula (Profit/Cost) * 100. In this case, (1840/7400) * 100 = 24.86%. However, none of the given options match this value, so the correct answer is "none of these".

Explanation
The trader mixes two varieties of rice at different prices to create a mixture. The cost price of the first variety is Rs. 20 per kg and the cost price of the second variety is Rs. 36 per kg. The trader then sells the mixture at Rs. 30 per kg. To find the profit percentage, we need to compare the selling price to the cost price. Here, the selling price is greater than the cost price, indicating a profit. The profit percentage can be calculated using the formula: (Profit/Cost Price) * 100. In this case, the profit percentage is 5%.

Explanation
The shopkeeper sells the pen for Rs.10 and loses 1/11 of what it costs him. This means that the selling price is 10/11 of the cost price. To find the cost price, we can set up the equation: 10/11 * cost price = Rs.10. Solving this equation, we find that the cost price is Rs.11.

Explanation
The fruit seller purchases 3 oranges for Rs. 5, which means the cost price of one orange is Rs. 5/3. He sells 2 oranges for Rs. 4, so the selling price of one orange is Rs. 2. The profit is calculated by subtracting the cost price from the selling price, which is Rs. 2 - Rs. 5/3 = Rs. 1/3. To find the profit percentage, we divide the profit by the cost price and multiply by 100: (1/3) / (5/3) * 100 = 20%. Therefore, the profit percentage in the transaction is 20%.

Explanation
When the jewel passes through the first seller, its price increases by 20%. Then, when it goes to the second seller, its price further increases by 25% from the price set by the first seller. By the time it reaches the third seller, the price has already risen by a total of 45% (20% from the first seller and 25% from the second seller). Since the overall price of the jewel increases by 65%, and 45% of this increase is already accounted for by the profits of the first two sellers, the remaining 20% increase must be the profit earned by the third seller. Therefore, the percentage profit earned by the third seller is 20%.