Medium Access Control MCQ Quiz Questions And Answers

Ethernet is a standard communications protocol that is commonly used for building local area networks. It is embedded in both software and hardware devices, allowing them to communicate with each other over a network. Ethernet provides a reliable and efficient way for devices to transmit and receive data, making it a popular choice for connecting computers, printers, and other devices within a local area network.

The correct answer is "static method." In a static method, each user is assigned an equal portion of the bandwidth. This means that the bandwidth is divided equally among all users, ensuring that each user receives the same amount of bandwidth. This method is commonly used in situations where fairness and equal distribution of resources are important.

The correct answer is Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection Protocol. This protocol is used in networks to detect collisions that occur when multiple devices transmit data simultaneously. When a collision is detected, the station stops transmitting its frame immediately to prevent further collisions and save time and bandwidth. This helps to ensure that the network operates efficiently and minimizes data loss due to collisions.

Carrier sense is the correct answer because it refers to the ability of a station to detect whether the channel is in use before transmitting. This is an important feature in network communication to avoid collisions and ensure efficient transmission. By sensing the carrier or the presence of signals on the channel, the station can determine if it is clear to transmit data or if it needs to wait for the channel to become available.

A spanning tree is a tree in which every LAN is reachable from a root. The numbers on the connecting LANs in a spanning tree represent some metric such as channel cost or bandwidth. This ensures that the tree is able to efficiently route traffic and maintain connectivity between all LANs in the network. An adaptive tree refers to a different concept, while a remote bridge is not specifically related to this scenario. Therefore, the correct answer is a spanning tree.

The correct answer is "contention period". In networking, contention period refers to the time interval in which frames can overlap. During this period, multiple devices or nodes on a network may attempt to transmit data simultaneously, leading to collisions and contention for the shared channel. This can result in decreased network performance and increased latency.

In this scenario, the two stations are referred to as hidden stations. This is because they are out of each other's range and cannot sense each other's transmission. As a result, when both stations transmit simultaneously, a collision occurs at the central station, but the other station is unaware of this collision. Therefore, the correct answer is hidden stations.

ALOHA is a medium access control protocol used for transmitting data via a shared network channel. It was developed at the University of Hawaii and is known for its simplicity. In ALOHA, each station can transmit data whenever it has data to send, without checking if the channel is busy or not. However, collisions may occur if two or more stations transmit at the same time, resulting in data loss. ALOHA is a random access protocol, meaning that stations contend for the channel and collisions are resolved through retransmissions.

A repeater is a device that extends the reach of a network by connecting segments of cabling and amplifying and retransmitting signals at the physical layer. It is used to overcome the limitations of signal degradation and distance in wired networks. Unlike hubs, bridges, and switches, repeaters do not have any intelligence to filter or forward data at the higher layers of the network. Instead, they simply regenerate and boost the signal, allowing it to travel further along the network.

The correct answer is 100Base-T4. This wiring standard allows for half duplex communication and uses all 8 category 3 UTP wires to connect to a hub, forming a single collision domain.

Ethernet cabling uses a twisted-pair wiring configuration. Twisted-pair refers to a type of cable in which two conductors are twisted together to reduce electromagnetic interference. This type of wiring is commonly used in Ethernet networks to transmit data signals. Optical fiber, coaxial, and open-wire are other types of cabling used for different purposes, but twisted-pair is specifically used for Ethernet connections.

A remote bridge is a device that connects two or more distant LANs using bridges at the connection of the LAN to a point-to-point line. This allows for the extension of a local area network over a wide area network, enabling communication between geographically separated networks. The remote bridge acts as a bridge between the LANs, forwarding data packets between them.

A hub is used to connect stations to a common contention channel when using 10Base-T wiring. A hub operates at the physical layer of the network, simply receiving incoming data and broadcasting it to all connected devices. It does not perform any filtering or routing functions, making it a simple and cost-effective choice for small networks. However, this lack of intelligence also means that all devices connected to a hub share the same bandwidth, leading to potential congestion and slower performance.

The correct answer is 100Base-TX. This is because 100Base-TX is a wiring standard that supports full duplex communication, where both devices can transmit and receive data simultaneously. In this standard, only 4 of the category 5 wires are used to connect to the hub, and the hub forms one collision domain, meaning that collisions can occur within the hub.

A bridge is a networking device that connects two or more LANs by forwarding frames received. It operates at the data link layer of the OSI model and uses MAC addresses to determine the destination of the frames. Unlike a hub, a bridge is able to filter and forward frames only to the intended destination, improving network efficiency. A router, on the other hand, operates at the network layer and is used to connect different networks together. A gateway is a device or software that acts as an entrance or exit point between two networks, often used to connect a local network to the internet.

The Limited Contention Protocol is the correct answer because as the load increases, contention becomes less attractive. This means that in situations where there is a high level of traffic or congestion on the network, the Limited Contention Protocol would be a better choice as it minimizes the overload associated with channel arbitration. This protocol allows for a more efficient and fair distribution of network resources, reducing the chances of collisions and improving overall network performance.

In this protocol, the sender uses a carrier sense mechanism to detect if the medium is busy before transmitting data. It also stimulates the receiver to send a short frame, which is detected by adjacent stations. This prevents collisions and ensures that only one station transmits at a time, avoiding data loss and improving efficiency. This protocol is known as Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance.

The binary countdown protocol reduces delay caused by contention slot period and station wanting to send broadcasts address as a bit string starting with high order bit. This means that stations wanting to send a broadcast address will have their requests prioritized, resulting in reduced delay.

Short Inter-Frame Space is used for the highest priority transmissions, allowing stations with this type of information to access the radio link first. This means that when a station needs to transmit high priority data, it can use the Short Inter-Frame Space to quickly gain access to the channel and transmit its information without waiting for other lower priority transmissions to complete. This helps ensure that critical information is transmitted in a timely manner, making Short Inter-Frame Space an important feature in wireless communication protocols.

The correct answer is basic bit map protocol. In this protocol, contention slots are used by stations to make reservations for transmitting. Each station indicates its desire to transmit by placing a 1 in the corresponding slot. The bit map is then used to determine which stations have successfully reserved a slot and can transmit without collision.

The correct answer is ALOHA Protocol. The ALOHA Protocol is a random access protocol used for transmitting data over a common frequency in radio broadcasts. It allows multiple users to transmit data without any coordination or central control. The protocol works by allowing each user to transmit whenever they have data to send, and if there is a collision (two or more users transmitting at the same time), a random backoff time is used before retransmitting. This helps to minimize collisions and maximize the efficiency of the transmission.

The correct answer is 100Base-FX. This is because 100Base-FX is a type of Ethernet standard that uses fiber optic cables for transmission. Unlike the other options mentioned (100Base-T4, 100Base-TX, and 100Base-FZ), 100Base-FX allows for full-duplex communication, meaning that stations can transmit and receive data simultaneously. This is possible because each connection in 100Base-FX operates in its own collision domain, eliminating the need for collision detection and allowing for more efficient communication.

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