Nutrition Quiz: Assess Your Knowledge!
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is the name of excessive loss of lean muscle mass in the elderly?
- A.
Xerostomia
- B.
Sarcopenia
- C.
Edentulism
- D.
Atrophic gastritis
Correct Answer
B. SarcopeniaExplanation
Sarcopenia is the correct answer because it refers to the excessive loss of lean muscle mass that occurs in the elderly. This condition is associated with aging and can lead to decreased strength, mobility, and overall functional decline in older individuals. Xerostomia refers to dry mouth, edentulism is the condition of being toothless, and atrophic gastritis is the inflammation and thinning of the stomach lining, none of which are specifically related to the loss of muscle mass in the elderly.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The loss of muscle can lead to lower total body _______.
- A.
Water
- B.
Energy
- C.
Mass
- D.
Calcium
Correct Answer
A. WaterExplanation
Loss of muscle can lead to lower total body water because muscles contain a significant amount of water. When muscle mass decreases, there is a reduction in the overall water content in the body. This can have various negative effects on the body, such as dehydration, impaired physical performance, and decreased metabolic efficiency. Therefore, maintaining muscle mass is important for maintaining adequate hydration and overall body water balance.Rate this question:
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- 3.
In the elderly, early satiety and changes in gastric emptying are often referred to as, ____.
- A.
Cholecystokinase
- B.
Edentulism
- C.
Achlorhydria
- D.
Anorexia of the aging
Correct Answer
D. Anorexia of the agingExplanation
In the elderly, early satiety and changes in gastric emptying are often referred to as "anorexia of the aging". This term describes a condition in which older individuals experience a decreased appetite and reduced food intake. It is a common issue among the elderly and can lead to weight loss and malnutrition. Early satiety refers to feeling full quickly after eating a small amount of food, while changes in gastric emptying refer to a slower rate at which the stomach empties its contents. These symptoms contribute to the overall decrease in appetite and food intake seen in anorexia of the aging.Rate this question:
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- 4.
An older patient states that they have a hard time shopping and preparing food. Which of the following is the most likely reason for this?
- A.
Their cataracts and macular degeneration
- B.
They’ve been diagnosed with diabetes for 15 years
- C.
They have lost %60 of their smell
- D.
Their complete loss of conductive hearing
Correct Answer
A. Their cataracts and macular degenerationExplanation
The most likely reason for the older patient's difficulty in shopping and preparing food is their cataracts and macular degeneration. Cataracts and macular degeneration are both eye conditions that can significantly impair vision, making it difficult to see clearly and perform tasks such as reading labels, navigating aisles, and preparing food safely.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A 78 y/o client has recently been diagnosed with dehydration. Which of their following risk factors is, most likely, not attributing to their dehydration?
- A.
Decrease in their lean body mass
- B.
Incontinence
- C.
Diuretics q12hrs
- D.
Fever for two weeks
Correct Answer
D. Fever for two weeksExplanation
The most likely risk factor that is not contributing to the client's dehydration is the decrease in their lean body mass. Dehydration is often caused by a lack of fluid intake or excessive fluid loss, and factors such as incontinence, diuretic use, and fever can all contribute to fluid loss. However, a decrease in lean body mass does not directly affect fluid balance and is therefore less likely to be a contributing factor to dehydration in this case.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The nutritional requirements of vitamins decrease for the elderly?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
- the caloric need decreases not the vitaminsRate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following is not a clinical sign of malnutrition in a 75 y/o, male patient who weighs 155 pounds?
- A.
Serum albumin level lower than 3.5g/100ml
- B.
Hemoglobin level below 12 g/dl
- C.
Weighs 150 pounds a month later
- D.
Hematocrit value below 35 %
Correct Answer
C. Weighs 150 pounds a month laterExplanation
- Weight loss greater than 5% in the past month or 10% in the past six months is indicative of malnutritionRate this question:
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- 8.
You are choosing vitamin D-rich foods for your patient, which of the following would be your least likely choice?
- A.
Large egg yolk
- B.
Cod liver oil
- C.
Cooked salmon
- D.
Canned sardines
Correct Answer
A. Large egg yolkExplanation
While egg yolks do contain some vitamin D, they are not as rich a source compared to the other options listed. Cod liver oil, cooked salmon, and canned sardines are generally more potent sources of vitamin D. Therefore, among the given choices, the large egg yolk would be the least likely choice for a significant vitamin D intake.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The majority of a person’s calcium is stored in the _________.
- A.
Blood
- B.
Teeth
- C.
Cells
- D.
Bone
Correct Answer
D. BoneExplanation
Calcium is a mineral that is essential for the health and functioning of the human body. While calcium can be found in various parts of the body such as the blood, teeth, and cells, the majority of it is stored in the bones. The bones act as a reservoir for calcium, releasing it into the bloodstream as needed for various bodily functions. Therefore, the correct answer is bone.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What percentage of the total body calcium is stored in the bone and teeth?
- A.
15%
- B.
10%
- C.
5%
- D.
1%
Correct Answer
D. 1%Explanation
Approximately 1% of the total body calcium is stored in the bone and teeth. Calcium is an essential mineral for the body, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining strong bones and teeth. The majority of the body's calcium is found in the bones and teeth, providing structural support and strength. However, the remaining 99% of calcium is involved in other vital functions, such as muscle contraction, nerve function, blood clotting, and enzyme activity.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following foods has the least amount of calcium in it (per serving)?
- A.
Whole milk
- B.
Sardines
- C.
Low fat yogurt
- D.
Cottage cheese
Correct Answer
D. Cottage cheeseExplanation
Cottage cheese has the least amount of calcium per serving compared to the other options.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following substances is required for cellular division and the maintenance of the myelin sheath?
- A.
Vitamin D
- B.
Calcium
- C.
Vitamin B12
- D.
Vitamin B6
Correct Answer
C. Vitamin B12Explanation
Vitamin B12 is required for cellular division and the maintenance of the myelin sheath. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis of DNA, which is essential for cell division. Additionally, it is involved in the production and maintenance of the myelin sheath, which is a protective covering around nerve cells. Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to impaired cell division and damage to the myelin sheath, resulting in various neurological symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following is required as a coenzyme in the metabolism of protein, fat, and other biochemical reactions?
- A.
Vitamin D
- B.
Calcium
- C.
Vitamin B12
- D.
Vitamin B6
Correct Answer
D. Vitamin B6Explanation
Vitamin B6 is required as a coenzyme in the metabolism of protein, fat, and other biochemical reactions. Coenzymes are small molecules that assist enzymes in carrying out their functions. Vitamin B6 plays a crucial role in the metabolism of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, by helping to convert them into usable forms. It is also involved in the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates. Additionally, vitamin B6 is necessary for the synthesis of neurotransmitters and the regulation of gene expression. Calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 are not directly involved in these metabolic processes.Rate this question:
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- 14.
You are teaching an older patient about the importance of hydration. How many cups of water will you recommend for this client?
- A.
7
- B.
8
- C.
9
- D.
10
Correct Answer
B. 8Explanation
Based on the information provided, the recommended number of cups of water for an older patient is 8. This is because proper hydration is important for overall health, especially for older individuals who may be more prone to dehydration. Drinking enough water helps maintain bodily functions, supports digestion, and prevents complications such as urinary tract infections. Therefore, recommending 8 cups of water ensures that the patient stays adequately hydrated.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following classifications of dysphagia are incorrectly matched?
- A.
Transfer- difficulty moving food from the mouth to the esophagus
- B.
Transport- difficulty moving food down the esophagus
- C.
Delivery- difficulty moving food from the stomach into the intestines.
Correct Answer
C. Delivery- difficulty moving food from the stomach into the intestines.Explanation
- Delivery- difficulty moving food from the esophagus into the stomach.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of your following patients is at the greatest risk for dysphagia?
- A.
55 male with hemorrhagic retinopathy
- B.
67 male with GERD
- C.
75 female with CHF
- D.
66 male with COPD
Correct Answer
B. 67 male with GERDExplanation
Patients with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) are at the greatest risk for dysphagia. GERD is a condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation. This can lead to the narrowing of the esophagus, making it difficult for food to pass through and resulting in dysphagia. The other patients mentioned do not have conditions directly associated with dysphagia.Rate this question:
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- 17.
High doses of _______ have been showing to delay the progress of Alzheimer’s disease.
- A.
Vitamin B6
- B.
Folic acid
- C.
Homocysteine
- D.
Vitamin E
Correct Answer
D. Vitamin EExplanation
High doses of vitamin E have been shown to delay the progress of Alzheimer's disease.Rate this question:
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- 18.
In the elderly, alcohol abuse is a huge risk factor for ________.
- A.
Vitamin deficiency
- B.
Muscle weakness
- C.
Dysphagia
- D.
Chronic pain
Correct Answer
A. Vitamin deficiencyExplanation
Alcohol abuse in the elderly can lead to a lack of proper nutrition and absorption of essential vitamins, including vitamin deficiency. Alcohol can interfere with the body's ability to absorb and utilize vitamins, leading to a deficiency. This can result in various health issues, including weakened immune system, cognitive impairment, and an increased risk of developing chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Therefore, alcohol abuse is a significant risk factor for vitamin deficiency in the elderly.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following nursing interventions is inappropriate for clients with swallowing difficulties?
- A.
Sitting the patient upright
- B.
Encouraging talking while eating
- C.
Small portions
- D.
Keeping the suction machine near the bedside
Correct Answer
B. Encouraging talking while eatingExplanation
Encouraging talking while eating is inappropriate for clients with swallowing difficulties because talking while eating increases the risk of choking and aspiration. Clients with swallowing difficulties need to focus on their eating and swallowing without any distractions, including talking. This intervention can also lead to inadequate chewing and swallowing of food, which can further exacerbate the swallowing difficulties.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Your 73 y/o depressed patient is suffering from unintentional weight loss. Which of the following is the least likely cause of their weight loss?
- A.
Cushing’s disease
- B.
Recently diagnosed with dementia
- C.
Social isolation
- D.
Polypharmacy
Correct Answer
A. Cushing’s diseaseExplanation
- Cushing’s causes weight gainRate this question:
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Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
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Current Version
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Jan 23, 2024Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Dec 15, 2008Quiz Created by
Tyraikaika
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