Topography And The Gastrointestinal Tract

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1/80 Questions

Topography is very important especially when discussing reproduction and conducting soundness exam. List the order of body systems from CRANIAL to CAUDAL.
- Reproductive, GI, Urinary
- Urinary, GI, Reproductive
- GI, Reproductive, Urinary
- Reproductive, Urinary, GI

About This Quiz

Explore the significance of topography in understanding the gastrointestinal tract through a focused quiz. Assess key anatomical concepts, including the peritoneum, meso-connections, and the role of ligaments, enhancing both academic and practical knowledge in anatomy.

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2.

Define Peritoneum
- Serous lining of the abdomen and part of the pelvic cavities
- Lining of the thoracic cavity
- The webbed like structure that covers the intestinal organs
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. Serous lining of the abdomen and part of the pelvic cavities

Explanation

The peritoneum is a serous lining that covers the abdominal cavity and extends into the pelvic cavity. It is a thin, transparent membrane that helps to protect and support the abdominal organs. The peritoneum also produces a lubricating fluid that allows the organs to move smoothly against each other. Therefore, the correct answer is "Serous lining of the abdomen and part of the pelvic cavities."

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3.

When using the term "Meso" it relates to a connection between parietal and visceral layers.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The term "meso" does indeed relate to a connection between parietal and visceral layers. This connection is often seen in medical terminology, where "meso" is used to describe structures that connect or relate to both the parietal and visceral layers of a particular organ or tissue. Therefore, the statement is true.

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4.

The term ___________ and _______ can be used interchangeably and are related to a connection between 2 parts of visceral peritoneum?
- Sarcomere,Ligament
- Tendon,Ligament
- Fold,Ligament
- Ligament,Greater Omentum
Correct Answer

A. Fold,Ligament

Explanation

The term "fold" and "ligament" can be used interchangeably and are related to a connection between 2 parts of visceral peritoneum.

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5.

When discussing the ligament in the thoracic cavity, it is the SAME as the ligament in the abdominal cavity.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The given statement is false. Ligaments in the thoracic cavity are not the same as the ligaments in the abdominal cavity. The thoracic cavity contains ligaments that connect the ribs and sternum, such as the costosternal ligaments. On the other hand, the abdominal cavity contains ligaments that connect various organs, such as the liver, spleen, and intestines. These ligaments serve different functions and are located in different areas of the body. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that the ligament in the thoracic cavity is the same as the ligament in the abdominal cavity.

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6.

The large double folded peritoneum attached to greater curvature of stomach and hangs like a apron over intestines
- Lesser omentum
- Falciform ligament
- Greater Omentum
- Omentum bursa
Correct Answer

A. Greater Omentum

Explanation

The greater omentum is a large double folded peritoneum that is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach. It hangs like an apron over the intestines, providing protection and insulation for the abdominal organs. It also contains fat deposits and lymph nodes, and is involved in immune responses and the healing process of abdominal injuries.

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7.

Image pertains to the GI tract of a dog. Number 3 is describing what part of the digestive tract?
- Right colic flexure
- Cecum
- Ascending colon
- Pancreas
Correct Answer

A. Cecum

Explanation

The correct answer is the cecum. The cecum is a pouch-like structure that is located at the beginning of the large intestine. It is responsible for the fermentation of food and the absorption of water and electrolytes. In dogs, the cecum plays an important role in the digestion of plant material and the breakdown of cellulose. It is also a site for the production of certain vitamins.

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8.

The red lines define which specific group of muscles?
- Rectus abdominis
- Internal obliques
- External obliques
- Transverse abdominis
Correct Answer

A. Internal obliques

Explanation

The red lines in the question most likely refer to the lines that are drawn on an anatomical diagram to highlight the specific group of muscles being discussed. In this case, the correct answer is "Internal obliques." The internal obliques are a pair of muscles located on each side of the abdomen, and they play a role in rotating and flexing the trunk.

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9.

The large intestine is known to be called the "Infamous 7". This relates to how the large intestine is constructed as well as the way digestion occurs. What is the correct pathway digestion occurs in the large intestine?
- Ascending colon, Right colic flexure, Transverse colon, Left colic flexure, Desending colon, Rectum, Anus
- Right colic flexure, Transverse colon, Left Colic Flexure, Desending colon
- Rectum, Anus, Ascending colon, Desending colon, Transverse colon
- Ascending colon, Transverse colon, Desending colon
Correct Answer

A. Ascending colon, Right colic flexure, Transverse colon, Left colic flexure, Desending colon, Rectum, Anus

Explanation

The correct pathway of digestion in the large intestine is as follows: ascending colon, right colic flexure, transverse colon, left colic flexure, descending colon, rectum, and anus. This sequence describes the order in which food travels through the large intestine, allowing for the absorption of water and electrolytes, as well as the formation of feces before elimination.

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10.

What is the difference between fixed and mobile viscera?
- Fixed viscera have shorter mesentaries, Mobile viscera have longer mesentaries
- Mobile viscera have shorter mesentaries, Fixed viscera have longer mesentaries
- They both have short mesentaries
- Fixed viscera have no movement at all, Mobile can migrate all throughout the body
Correct Answer

A. Fixed viscera have shorter mesentaries, Mobile viscera have longer mesentaries

Explanation

Fixed viscera have shorter mesentaries, while mobile viscera have longer mesentaries. Mesentaries are folds of the peritoneum that attach organs to the abdominal wall and provide support. In the case of fixed viscera, such as the liver and spleen, the mesentaries are shorter and do not allow for much movement. On the other hand, mobile viscera, like the intestines, have longer mesentaries that allow for greater mobility and movement throughout the body.

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11.

Select all the characteristics of the vaginal process? (You are able to select more than one answer)
- In relation to the female there is no further development but males undergo further development
- Pertains to the vagina
- Present in both sexes
- A blind evagination of peritoneum that passes through the inguinal canal
Correct Answer(s)

A. In relation to the female there is no further development but males undergo further development
A. Present in both sexes
A. A blind evagination of peritoneum that passes through the inguinal canal

Explanation

The vaginal process is present in both sexes and is a blind evagination of peritoneum that passes through the inguinal canal. In males, the vaginal process undergoes further development, while in females there is no further development.

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12.

This structure lies on the ventral midline and gives an attachment to abdominal tissues
- Cutaneous trunci
- Linea alba
- Cerebral aqaduct
- Gastrosplenic ligment
Correct Answer

A. Linea alba

Explanation

The correct answer is Linea alba. The linea alba is a fibrous structure that runs down the ventral midline of the abdomen. It serves as a point of attachment for abdominal muscles and connective tissues. The other options, such as Cutaneous trunci, Cerebral aqueduct, and Gastrosplenic ligament, do not have a direct association with abdominal tissues or the ventral midline.

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13.

The bladder has 3 attachments to the pelvic and body wall?
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The bladder is a hollow organ located in the pelvic cavity, and it is attached to the pelvic and body wall by three ligaments: the pubovesical ligament, the transverse vesical ligament, and the lateral vesical ligaments. These attachments help to stabilize the bladder and maintain its position within the pelvis. Therefore, the statement that the bladder has three attachments to the pelvic and body wall is true.

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14.

The prostate gland is uncommon in ALL species?
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The statement is false because the prostate gland is not uncommon in all species. The prostate gland is found in male mammals, including humans, dogs, cats, and many other species. It plays a role in reproductive function by producing and secreting fluids that nourish and protect sperm. Therefore, the statement that the prostate gland is uncommon in all species is incorrect.

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15.

The pouch located at number 6 is classified as
- Vesicogenital
- Rectogenital
- Pararectal fossae
- Pubovesical fossae
Correct Answer

A. Vesicogenital

Explanation

The pouch located at number 6 is classified as Vesicogenital because it is the space between the bladder and the uterus in females, or between the bladder and the prostate in males. This pouch is also known as the pouch of Douglas or the rectouterine pouch. It is an important anatomical structure in the pelvic region and is involved in various reproductive and urinary functions.

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16.

The greater omentum of the horse is very developed
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The given statement is "The greater omentum of the horse is very developed." The correct answer is False. The greater omentum is a large fold of peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach and covers the intestines in many mammals, including horses. However, it is not specifically "very developed" in horses. The development of the greater omentum can vary among different individuals and species. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that the greater omentum of the horse is always very developed.

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17.

If you are on the _______________ side of the horse you will see the base of the cecum
- Left
- Right
Correct Answer

A. Right

Explanation

If you are on the right side of the horse, you will be able to see the base of the cecum. The cecum is a pouch-like structure located at the beginning of the large intestine, and it is easier to visualize from the right side of the horse.

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18.

The horse is known to have a complex stomach with glandular lining
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The statement is incorrect. Horses have a simple stomach with a non-glandular lining.

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19.

Horses are notorious to colic. What is the name of the anatomical location where horses tend to have this issue?
- Omentum bursa
- Epiploic foramen
- Cecum
- Fundus
Correct Answer

A. Epiploic foramen

Explanation

Horses tend to have colic issues in the epiploic foramen. Colic is a common and potentially life-threatening condition in horses, characterized by severe abdominal pain. The epiploic foramen is a narrow passage between the liver and the pancreas, through which the small intestine passes. It is a common site for intestinal blockages and can lead to colic symptoms in horses. The other options mentioned, such as omentum bursa, cecum, and fundus, are not specifically associated with colic in horses.

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20.

Horses will routinely get get sick from eating fatty meals that their gallbladder is unable to digest
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Horses do not have a gallbladder

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21.

What anatomical area(s) are prone to colic in horses? (You may choose more than one answer)
- Epiploic foramen
- Right and left colic flexures
- Nephrosplenic ligament
Correct Answer(s)

A. Epiploic foramen
A. Right and left colic flexures
A. Nephrosplenic ligament

Explanation

The anatomical areas that are prone to colic in horses are the Epiploic foramen, Right and left colic flexures, and Nephrosplenic ligament. Colic is a common condition in horses and can be caused by various factors such as intestinal blockage or inflammation. These specific anatomical areas are susceptible to colic due to their involvement in the horse's digestive system. The Epiploic foramen is a narrow passage between the liver and the stomach, which can become obstructed. The right and left colic flexures are sharp bends in the large intestine where blockages can occur. The Nephrosplenic ligament is a structure that can entrap the large colon, leading to colic.

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22.

Number #18 is what GI structure?
- Cecum
- Ascending colon
- Transverse colon
- Descending colon
Correct Answer

A. Transverse colon

Explanation

The transverse colon is the correct answer because it is the part of the large intestine that runs horizontally across the abdomen. It connects the ascending colon to the descending colon and is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from the digested food.

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23.

Gastrointestinal and Alimentary can be used interchangeably
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Gastrointestinal and alimentary cannot be used interchangeably. Gastrointestinal refers specifically to the organs and structures involved in the digestion and absorption of food, such as the stomach, intestines, and liver. Alimentary, on the other hand, refers to the entire process of providing nutrients to the body, including ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination. While gastrointestinal is a subset of alimentary, they are not synonymous and cannot be used interchangeably.

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1
24.

Select the function(s) of the Alimentary Canal (You may select more than one answer)
- Ingestion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Secretion
- Elimination
- Management of bacteria
- Detoxification
- Immune function
- Endocrine function
Correct Answer(s)

A. Ingestion
A. Digestion
A. Absorption
A. Secretion
A. Elimination
A. Management of bacteria
A. Detoxification
A. Immune function
A. Endocrine function

Explanation

The alimentary canal performs multiple functions in the digestive system. Ingestion refers to the intake of food into the body. Digestion involves breaking down the food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed. Absorption refers to the process of nutrients being taken up into the bloodstream. Secretion involves the release of digestive enzymes and other substances necessary for digestion. Elimination refers to the removal of undigested waste materials from the body through defecation. The alimentary canal also plays a role in managing bacteria in the gut, detoxifying certain substances, supporting immune function, and producing hormones for endocrine function.

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25.

Digestion and Absorption can be use interchangeably
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Digestion and absorption cannot be used interchangeably because they are two distinct processes in the digestive system. Digestion refers to the breakdown of food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body, while absorption is the process by which these smaller molecules are taken up by the cells of the digestive tract and transferred into the bloodstream. Although digestion and absorption are closely related and occur simultaneously, they are separate processes with different functions.

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26.

Which phase of digestion occurs ONLY in the small intestine BUT on the surface of the enterocytes?
- Luminal
- Gastric
- Mucosal
- Intracellular
Correct Answer

A. Mucosal

Explanation

Mucosal digestion occurs only in the small intestine but on the surface of the enterocytes. This phase involves the breakdown of food molecules into smaller nutrients that can be absorbed by the enterocytes and transported into the bloodstream. The small intestine has specialized structures called villi and microvilli that increase the surface area available for digestion and absorption. Enzymes secreted by the enterocytes break down complex molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into simpler forms that can be easily absorbed. Therefore, the correct answer is "Mucosal."

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27.

The sympathetic and parasympathetic can influence and control the neuroendocrine system
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are responsible for regulating different bodily functions, such as heart rate, digestion, and stress response. While they do play a role in modulating the neuroendocrine system, they do not have direct control over it. The neuroendocrine system involves the interaction between the nervous and endocrine systems, where hormones are released into the bloodstream to regulate various physiological processes. Therefore, the statement that the sympathetic and parasympathetic can influence and control the neuroendocrine system is false.

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28.

How is digestibility of cellulose occurred in horses and ruminants?
- Microbes
- The animal digest it
- Cellulose is not digestible
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. Microbes

Explanation

The digestibility of cellulose in horses and ruminants occurs through the action of microbes. Horses and ruminants have a specialized digestive system that allows them to break down cellulose, a complex carbohydrate found in plant cell walls, into simpler forms that can be absorbed and utilized by the animal. These animals have a symbiotic relationship with microbes in their gut, such as bacteria and protozoa, which produce enzymes that can break down cellulose. The microbes ferment the cellulose, breaking it down into volatile fatty acids that can be absorbed by the animal and used as a source of energy.

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29.

Bacterial portion of microflora contain
- Large amounts of carbohydrates
- Large amounts of fats
- Small amounts of carbohydrates
- Large amounts of proteins
Correct Answer

A. Large amounts of proteins

Explanation

The bacterial portion of microflora contains large amounts of proteins. Proteins are essential components of bacterial cells as they play a crucial role in various cellular functions such as enzyme production, cell structure, and transport of molecules. Bacteria require proteins for growth, metabolism, and replication. Therefore, the presence of large amounts of proteins in the bacterial portion of microflora is logical and necessary for their survival and functioning.

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30.

What are the 4 chambers of the ruminant stomach in order of digestion?
- Rumen, Riticulum, Omasum, Abomasum
- Rituculum, Rumen, Omasum, Abomasum
- Omasum, Reticulum, Rumen, Abomasum
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. Rumen, Riticulum, Omasum, Abomasum

Explanation

The correct answer is Rumen, Reticulum, Omasum, Abomasum. In ruminant animals, the stomach is composed of four chambers. The first chamber is the rumen, which is responsible for the initial breakdown of food through fermentation. The second chamber is the reticulum, where further breakdown and fermentation occur. The third chamber is the omasum, which helps in the absorption of water and nutrients. The final chamber is the abomasum, which is similar to the stomach in monogastric animals and is responsible for the secretion of digestive enzymes to further break down the food.

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31.

Name the structure at #3
- Abomasum
- Omasum
- Reticulum
- Rumen
Correct Answer

A. Abomasum

Explanation

The structure at #3 is called the abomasum.

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32.

The abomasum is known as the true stomach
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The abomasum is known as the true stomach because it is the fourth and final compartment of the stomach in ruminant animals, such as cows and sheep. It is responsible for the majority of the chemical digestion of food, including the breakdown of proteins and the secretion of gastric juices. The abomasum is analogous to the stomach in monogastric animals, like humans, where most of the digestion takes place. Therefore, it is correct to say that the abomasum is the true stomach in ruminants.

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33.

The gastric groove and esophageal groove can be used interchangeably?
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The gastric groove and esophageal groove cannot be used interchangeably. The gastric groove is a groove present in the stomach of some animals, which helps in the digestion and absorption of food. On the other hand, the esophageal groove is a groove present in certain animals, such as ruminants, which allows milk to bypass the rumen and directly enter the abomasum. These two grooves serve different functions and are located in different parts of the digestive system, hence they cannot be used interchangeably.

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34.

What is the term for #9. It is going INTO the spiral
- Beta
- Petal
- Fugal
- Alpha
Correct Answer

A. Petal

Explanation

The term "Petal" is the correct answer because it is the only option that is related to a spiral. A petal is a part of a flower that often has a spiral shape as it grows. The other options, Beta, Fugal, and Alpha, do not have any direct association with spirals. Therefore, "Petal" is the most appropriate term for something that is going into a spiral.

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35.

In regards to the abdomen ________ muscle fibers run caudoventrally whereas ________ muscle fibers run cranioventrally.

Correct Answer
External abdominal obliques
Internal abdominal obliques

Explanation
The external abdominal obliques are a set of muscles in the abdomen that run caudoventrally, which means they run from the tail end of the body towards the ventral side (belly side). On the other hand, the internal abdominal obliques are another set of muscles in the abdomen that run cranioventrally, meaning they run from the cranial end of the body towards the ventral side.

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36.

What is a traumatic occurrence that can potentially happen in the ruminants reticulum?
- Colic
- Hardware Disease
- Perianal fistula
- Furunculosis
Correct Answer

A. Hardware Disease

Explanation

Hardware disease is a traumatic occurrence that can potentially happen in the ruminant's reticulum. It occurs when the animal accidentally ingests sharp objects such as nails, wire, or other metallic items. These objects can puncture the reticulum and cause inflammation, infection, and damage to surrounding organs. This condition is called hardware disease because it is often caused by the ingestion of hardware items. Symptoms may include decreased appetite, weight loss, decreased milk production, and in severe cases, it can lead to death if not treated promptly.

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37.

Order the subject densities from most radiopaque to most radiolucent
- Metal,bone,soft tissue,fat,air
- Bone,metal,soft tissue,fat,air
- Soft tissue,air,bone,metal,fat
- Fat,soft tissue,air,bone,metal
Correct Answer

A. Metal,bone,soft tissue,fat,air

Explanation

The correct answer is "Metal, bone, soft tissue, fat, air." This order is based on the radiopacity of each subject. Metal is the most radiopaque, meaning it appears the most white on a radiograph. Bone is the next most radiopaque, followed by soft tissue, fat, and air. Air is the most radiolucent, meaning it appears the most black on a radiograph.

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38.

Dogs tend to put more fat in the ________ region of the abdomen opposed to cats who place theirs in the ________ region

Correct Answer
falciform
Inguinal

Explanation
Dogs tend to put more fat in the falciform region of the abdomen, which is the area near the liver, while cats tend to place theirs in the inguinal region, which is the area near the groin.

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39.

Name the structure located with the letter "L"
- Stomach
- Right Kidney
- Spleen
- LIver
Correct Answer

A. LIver

Explanation

The structure located with the letter "L" is the liver.

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40.

When looking at a VD radiograph it is normally hard to visualize the liver verses looking at a lateral view. How would you go about finding the liver on the radiographic view?
- Go to the most ventral area of the abdomen
- Try to find the stomach and proceed cranially
- Find the duodenum and its connected to it
- It lies right beside the stomach
Correct Answer

A. Try to find the stomach and proceed cranially

Explanation

To locate the liver on a VD radiograph, one should try to find the stomach and proceed cranially. The liver is located adjacent to the stomach, and by following the path of the stomach towards the cranial area of the abdomen, one can identify the liver on the radiographic view.

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41.

The head of the spleen sits next to the fundus of the stomach. Head of spleen is fixed due to gastric ligament. The tail is allowed to migrate
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The explanation for the given correct answer is that the head of the spleen does indeed sit next to the fundus of the stomach. It is fixed in place by the gastric ligament, while the tail of the spleen is allowed to migrate. Therefore, the statement "The head of the spleen sits next to the fundus of the stomach. Head of spleen is fixed due to gastric ligament. The tail is allowed to migrate" is true.

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42.

The kidney located on the right is (left or right)
- Left
- Right
- Option 3
- Option 4
Correct Answer

A. Left

Explanation

The kidney located on the left side of the body is the correct answer. The kidneys are a pair of organs located on either side of the spine, with the left kidney positioned slightly higher than the right kidney. The left kidney is typically located between the 11th and 12th ribs, while the right kidney is slightly lower due to the presence of the liver.

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43.

Which species is acquired with kidney's of this conformation?
- Canine
- Feline
- Ovine
- Bovine
Correct Answer

A. Bovine

Explanation

The correct answer is Bovine. Bovine refers to cattle or cows. The question is asking which species has kidneys with a specific conformation. Since the question does not provide any additional information about the kidney's conformation, we can assume that bovine kidneys have this specific conformation. Therefore, the correct answer is Bovine.

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44.

Ovine kidneys normally have this structural conformation
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The statement suggests that ovine kidneys normally have a specific structural conformation. However, the correct answer is false, indicating that ovine kidneys do not have this specific structural conformation.

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45.

These kidney's belong to what domesticated species?
- Ovine
- Equine
- Porcine
- Bovine
Correct Answer

A. Equine

Explanation

The correct answer is Equine because the term "equine" refers to horses. Horses are domesticated animals that have kidneys similar to other mammals, including humans. The other options, ovine, porcine, and bovine, refer to sheep, pigs, and cows respectively, which have different kidney structures and functions compared to horses.

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46.

The picture is from a horses abdomen. Which part of the digestive tract is included?
- Alimentary canal
- GI tract
- Cecum and Ascending colon
- Transverse and descending colon
Correct Answer

A. Cecum and Ascending colon

Explanation

The picture shows a section of the horse's abdomen, specifically the cecum and ascending colon. The cecum is a pouch-like structure that connects the small intestine to the large intestine and is involved in the fermentation of food. The ascending colon is the first part of the large intestine, where water and electrolytes are absorbed from the remaining undigested material. Therefore, the correct answer is "Cecum and Ascending colon."

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47.

What is the organ structure that has been injected with contrast media in the caudal end of the abdomen?
- Kidney
- Bladder
- Large intestine
- Uterus
Correct Answer

A. Bladder

Explanation

The correct answer is bladder because the question asks about the organ structure that has been injected with contrast media in the caudal end of the abdomen. Contrast media is often used in medical imaging to enhance the visibility of certain structures, and in this case, it would be used to visualize the bladder. The kidney, large intestine, and uterus are not typically injected with contrast media in this specific location.

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48.

You can normally see the urethra on a radiograph
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The urethra is a small tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. It is not typically visible on a radiograph because it is a soft tissue structure that does not contain enough contrast to be seen clearly on an X-ray image. Radiographs are primarily used to visualize bones and dense structures, so the urethra would not be visible unless there is an abnormality or a contrast agent is used. Therefore, the statement that you can normally see the urethra on a radiograph is false.

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49.

Name the structure that lies ventral caudal to the liver and cranial to the small intestines
- Colon
- Cecum
- Lungs
- Stomach
Correct Answer

A. Stomach

Explanation

The stomach is the correct answer because it is the structure that lies ventral (towards the front) caudal (towards the tail) to the liver and cranial (towards the head) to the small intestines. The colon is part of the large intestine and is located in a different region of the abdominal cavity. The cecum is a pouch-like structure that is connected to the junction of the small and large intestines. The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity, not the abdominal cavity. Therefore, the stomach is the only structure that fits the given description.

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Quiz Edited by
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Sep 21, 2016

Quiz Created by
Gregory2691409

Topography And The Gastrointestinal Tract

Topography is very important especially when discussing reproduction and conducting soundness exam. List the order of body systems from CRANIAL to CAUDAL.

Quiz Preview

Define Peritoneum

When using the term "Meso" it relates to a connection between parietal and visceral layers.

The term ___________ and _______ can be used interchangeably and are related to a connection between 2 parts of visceral peritoneum?

When discussing the ligament in the thoracic cavity, it is the SAME as the ligament in the abdominal cavity.

The large double folded peritoneum attached to greater curvature of stomach and hangs like a apron over intestines

Image pertains to the GI tract of a dog. Number 3 is describing what part of the digestive tract?

The red lines define which specific group of muscles?

The large intestine is known to be called the "Infamous 7". This relates to how the large intestine is constructed as well as the way digestion occurs. What is the correct pathway digestion occurs in the large intestine?

What is the difference between fixed and mobile viscera?

Select all the characteristics of the vaginal process? (You are able to select more than one answer)

This structure lies on the ventral midline and gives an attachment to abdominal tissues

The bladder has 3 attachments to the pelvic and body wall?

The prostate gland is uncommon in ALL species?

The pouch located at number 6 is classified as

The greater omentum of the horse is very developed

If you are on the _______________ side of the horse you will see the base of the cecum

The horse is known to have a complex stomach with glandular lining

Horses are notorious to colic. What is the name of the anatomical location where horses tend to have this issue?

Horses will routinely get get sick from eating fatty meals that their gallbladder is unable to digest

What anatomical area(s) are prone to colic in horses? (You may choose more than one answer)

Number #18 is what GI structure?

Gastrointestinal and Alimentary can be used interchangeably

Select the function(s) of the Alimentary Canal (You may select more than one answer)

Digestion and Absorption can be use interchangeably

Which phase of digestion occurs ONLY in the small intestine BUT on the surface of the enterocytes?

The sympathetic and parasympathetic can influence and control the neuroendocrine system

How is digestibility of cellulose occurred in horses and ruminants?

Bacterial portion of microflora contain

What are the 4 chambers of the ruminant stomach in order of digestion?

Name the structure at #3

The abomasum is known as the true stomach

The gastric groove and esophageal groove can be used interchangeably?

What is the term for #9. It is going INTO the spiral

In regards to the abdomen ________ muscle fibers run caudoventrally whereas ________ muscle fibers run cranioventrally.

What is a traumatic occurrence that can potentially happen in the ruminants reticulum?

Order the subject densities from most radiopaque to most radiolucent

Dogs tend to put more fat in the ________ region of the abdomen opposed to cats who place theirs in the ________ region

Name the structure located with the letter "L"

When looking at a VD radiograph it is normally hard to visualize the liver verses looking at a lateral view. How would you go about finding the liver on the radiographic view?

The head of the spleen sits next to the fundus of the stomach. Head of spleen is fixed due to gastric ligament. The tail is allowed to migrate

The kidney located on the right is (left or right)

Which species is acquired with kidney's of this conformation?

Ovine kidneys normally have this structural conformation

These kidney's belong to what domesticated species?

The picture is from a horses abdomen. Which part of the digestive tract is included?

What is the organ structure that has been injected with contrast media in the caudal end of the abdomen?

You can normally see the urethra on a radiograph

Name the structure that lies ventral caudal to the liver and cranial to the small intestines

The term _____ and _ can be used interchangeably and are related to a connection between 2 parts of visceral peritoneum?

In regards to the abdomen muscle fibers run caudoventrally whereas muscle fibers run cranioventrally.

Dogs tend to put more fat in the region of the abdomen opposed to cats who place theirs in the region