Whats About Body Parts?
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The posterior segment of the eyeball contains
- A.
Aqueous humor
- B.
Ciliary body
- C.
Lens
- D.
Iris
- E.
Vitreous humor
Correct Answer
E. Vitreous humorExplanation
The posterior segment of the eyeball contains the vitreous humor. The vitreous humor is a gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina. It helps to maintain the shape of the eyeball and provides support to the delicate structures within the eye. It also plays a role in transmitting light to the retina and helps to maintain the optical clarity of the eye.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Where would you find the greatest concentration of cones?
- A.
Lens
- B.
Cornea
- C.
Periphery of retina
- D.
Choroid
- E.
Macula lutea
Correct Answer
E. Macula luteaExplanation
The macula lutea is a small area in the center of the retina that contains the highest concentration of cones, which are responsible for color vision and high visual acuity. The lens, cornea, choroid, and periphery of the retina do not have as high of a concentration of cones as the macula lutea. Therefore, the macula lutea is where you would find the greatest concentration of cones.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Left field of vision is represented in which area?
- A.
Right temporal cortex
- B.
Right occipital cortex
- C.
Right parietal cortex
- D.
Right frontal cortex
Correct Answer
B. Right occipital cortexExplanation
The left field of vision is represented in the right occipital cortex. This is because the visual information from the left visual field is transmitted to the right side of the brain through the optic nerves. The occipital cortex, located at the back of the brain, is responsible for processing visual information. Therefore, the right occipital cortex is where the left field of vision is represented.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The nasolacrimal duct drains into the:
- A.
Conjunctival sac
- B.
Nasal cavity
- C.
Lacrimal gland
- D.
Maxillary sinus
Correct Answer
B. Nasal cavityExplanation
The nasolacrimal duct drains into the nasal cavity. This duct is responsible for draining tears from the eyes into the nose. Tears are produced by the lacrimal gland and are spread across the surface of the eye by blinking. Excess tears then flow into the nasolacrimal duct and ultimately into the nasal cavity, where they are swallowed or expelled through the nose.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The blind spot does not contain any photoreceptors.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The blind spot refers to the area on the retina where the optic nerve exits the eye. This spot lacks photoreceptor cells, specifically the cones and rods responsible for detecting light. As a result, this region does not contribute to our visual perception. Therefore, the statement "The blind spot does not contain any photoreceptors" is true.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which photosensitive receptors are responsible for color vision and night vision?
- A.
Cones; rhodopsin
- B.
Rods,ganglion cells
- C.
Cones; rods
- D.
Cones;ganglion cells
Correct Answer
C. Cones; rodsExplanation
Cones are responsible for color vision, while rods are responsible for night vision. Cones are most active in bright light conditions and are sensitive to different wavelengths of light, allowing us to see a wide range of colors. On the other hand, rods are more sensitive to low levels of light and are responsible for our ability to see in dimly lit environments, such as at night. Therefore, both cones and rods play a role in our vision, with cones being responsible for color vision and rods being responsible for night vision.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following structures is found predominantly along the periphery of the eyeball:
- A.
Cones
- B.
Rods
- C.
Bipolar cells
- D.
Ganglion cells
Correct Answer
B. RodsExplanation
Rods are photoreceptor cells found predominantly along the periphery of the eyeball. They are responsible for vision in low light conditions and are more numerous than cones. Cones, on the other hand, are concentrated in the central part of the retina and are responsible for color vision and high visual acuity. Bipolar cells and ganglion cells are both types of neurons found in the retina, but they are not predominantly located along the periphery of the eyeball.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The middle coat of the eyeball is
- A.
Sclera
- B.
Choroid, ciliary body and iris
- C.
Cornea and sclera
- D.
Retina, choroid and sclera
Correct Answer
B. Choroid, ciliary body and irisExplanation
The middle coat of the eyeball is composed of the choroid, ciliary body, and iris. The choroid is a layer of blood vessels that supplies oxygen and nutrients to the retina. The ciliary body is responsible for producing the aqueous humor, which helps maintain the shape of the eyeball. The iris controls the size of the pupil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye. Together, these three structures make up the middle coat of the eyeball.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Between external, middle and internal ear only the internal ear is concerned with equilibrium:
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The internal ear is responsible for maintaining equilibrium, also known as balance. It contains structures such as the semicircular canals and vestibule, which are involved in detecting changes in head position and movement. The external and middle ear, on the other hand, are primarily involved in the process of hearing. Therefore, it is correct to say that only the internal ear is concerned with equilibrium.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Hearing is represented in
- A.
Both parietal lobes
- B.
Both frontal lobes
- C.
Both occipital lobes
- D.
Both temporal lobes
Correct Answer
D. Both temporal lobesExplanation
Hearing is processed in the temporal lobes of the brain. The temporal lobes are responsible for receiving and interpreting auditory information from the ears. This is where the auditory cortex is located, which plays a crucial role in processing sound and allowing us to perceive and understand what we hear. Therefore, both temporal lobes are involved in the processing of hearing.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The function of the Eustachian (auditory or pharyngotympanic) tube is:
- A.
To carry infections from the nasal cavity to the middle ear
- B.
To equalize pressure between the middle ear and the outside
- C.
To equalize pressure between the external ear and internal ear
- D.
To equalize pressure between the middle ear and the internal ear
Correct Answer
B. To equalize pressure between the middle ear and the outsideExplanation
The Eustachian tube is responsible for equalizing pressure between the middle ear and the outside. This is important because changes in pressure can affect the ability to hear and can cause discomfort or pain in the ears. By opening and closing, the Eustachian tube helps to regulate the pressure on both sides of the eardrum, ensuring that it remains balanced and allowing for optimal hearing function.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following structures is the vestibular nerve associated with?
- A.
Cochlear duct
- B.
Saccule
- C.
Utricle
- D.
Cochlear duct and saccule
- E.
Saccule and utricle
- F.
Cochlear duct, saccule and utricle
Correct Answer
E. Saccule and utricleExplanation
The vestibular nerve is associated with the saccule and utricle. These structures are part of the inner ear and are responsible for detecting changes in head position and linear acceleration. The saccule and utricle contain specialized hair cells that detect movement of fluid within the inner ear, which then sends signals to the brain via the vestibular nerve. The cochlear duct, on the other hand, is associated with hearing and is not directly involved in vestibular function. Therefore, the correct answer is saccule and utricle.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which part of the ear has the sense organ for hearing and what is the name of the sense organ?
- A.
Semicircular duct and organ of Macula
- B.
Cocchlear duct and organ of Corti
- C.
Semicircular duct and organ of Corti
- D.
Cocchlear duct and organ of Macula
Correct Answer
B. Cocchlear duct and organ of CortiExplanation
The sense organ for hearing is located in the cochlear duct, which is part of the ear. The name of this sense organ is the organ of Corti.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The tympanic membrane separates the
- A.
Internal ear from the brain
- B.
Middle ear from internal ear
- C.
Middle ear from eustachian tube
- D.
External ear from middle ear
Correct Answer
D. External ear from middle earExplanation
The tympanic membrane, also known as the eardrum, is a thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. It acts as a barrier, preventing any foreign objects or substances from entering the middle ear. The tympanic membrane also plays a crucial role in transmitting sound waves from the external ear to the middle ear, where they are then amplified and transmitted to the inner ear for further processing.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which parts of the ear are concerned with hearing ?
- A.
External and middle ear
- B.
External and internal ear
- C.
Middle and internal ear
- D.
Internal ear and eustachian tube
- E.
External, middle and internal ear
Correct Answer
E. External, middle and internal earExplanation
The external, middle, and internal ear are all involved in the process of hearing. The external ear collects sound waves and directs them into the ear canal. The middle ear contains the eardrum and three small bones called ossicles, which transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear. The inner ear, or the cochlea, is responsible for converting these vibrations into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain as sound. Therefore, all three parts of the ear are necessary for the sense of hearing.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The three bones of the middle ear are:
- A.
Malleus, incus and tympanic
- B.
Stapes, incus and cocchlea
- C.
Incus, malleus and cocchlea
- D.
Malleus, incus and stapes
Correct Answer
D. Malleus, incus and stapesExplanation
The three bones of the middle ear are the malleus, incus, and stapes. These bones are also known as the ossicles and are located in the middle ear. The malleus is attached to the eardrum and transmits sound vibrations to the incus. The incus then passes the vibrations to the stapes, which in turn transfers them to the inner ear. Together, these three bones play a crucial role in amplifying and transmitting sound waves from the outer ear to the inner ear.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Joan works in a factory where she is exposed to toxic fumes daily. Six months after working there she notices that her sense of smell has diminished considerably. Which of the following areas would you say was most likely to be involved resulting in the diminished sense of smell?
- A.
The roof of the nose and the adjoining part of the nasal septum
- B.
The temporal lobe of the brain
- C.
The paranasal sinuses
- D.
The olfactory bulb and olfactory tract
Correct Answer
A. The roof of the nose and the adjoining part of the nasal septumExplanation
Exposure to toxic fumes in a factory can lead to damage in the nasal cavity, specifically the roof of the nose and the adjoining part of the nasal septum. These areas contain the olfactory epithelium, which is responsible for detecting odors. Damage to this area can result in a diminished sense of smell, as experienced by Joan. The other options, such as the temporal lobe of the brain, paranasal sinuses, and olfactory bulb and tract, are not directly involved in the detection of odors and are therefore less likely to be affected by the toxic fumes.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The olfactory nerves pass through:
- A.
The foramen magnum
- B.
The optic canals
- C.
The cribriform plate of the ethmoid
- D.
The pituitary fossa
Correct Answer
C. The cribriform plate of the ethmoidExplanation
The olfactory nerves pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid. The cribriform plate is a thin, sieve-like structure located at the roof of the nasal cavity. It contains small openings called cribriform foramina, which allow the olfactory nerves to pass from the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulbs in the brain. These olfactory nerves are responsible for our sense of smell, and their passage through the cribriform plate allows them to transmit sensory information from the nose to the brain.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What types of papillae have taste buds?
- A.
Only Foliate
- B.
Foliate and fungiform
- C.
Only Fungiform
- D.
Foliate, Fungiform and circumvallate
- E.
Only Circumvallate
Correct Answer
D. Foliate, Fungiform and circumvallateExplanation
Foliate, fungiform, and circumvallate papillae all have taste buds. Foliate papillae are located on the sides of the tongue, fungiform papillae are scattered across the entire tongue, and circumvallate papillae are located at the back of the tongue in a V-shaped pattern. These three types of papillae contain taste buds, which are responsible for detecting different flavors. Therefore, the correct answer is Foliate, Fungiform, and circumvallate.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Circumvallate papillae are seen:
- A.
At the tip of the tongue
- B.
On the sides of the tongue
- C.
All over the tongue
- D.
At the junction between the anterior 2/3rd and posterior 1/3rd of the tongue
Correct Answer
D. At the junction between the anterior 2/3rd and posterior 1/3rd of the tongueExplanation
Circumvallate papillae are seen at the junction between the anterior 2/3rd and posterior 1/3rd of the tongue. These papillae are larger in size compared to other types of papillae on the tongue and are arranged in a V-shaped row. They contain taste buds that help in the perception of taste.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which are the nerves responsible for carrying taste sensation?
- A.
VII, IX and X
- B.
V and VII
- C.
X and XI
- D.
XII
Correct Answer
A. VII, IX and XExplanation
The nerves responsible for carrying taste sensation are the VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), and X (vagus) cranial nerves. These nerves innervate different areas of the tongue and throat, allowing us to perceive taste.Rate this question:
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- 22.
In order for taste to be perceived it must be in a solution form
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Taste can only be perceived when the substance is dissolved in a solution. This is because taste buds on our tongue can only detect dissolved molecules. When a substance is in solution, its molecules are dispersed and can come into contact with the taste buds, allowing us to perceive its taste. If a substance is not dissolved, it cannot interact with the taste buds and therefore cannot be tasted. Therefore, the statement that taste must be in a solution form in order to be perceived is true.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The tarsal glands are seen in the:
- A.
Cornea
- B.
Eyelid
- C.
Sclera
- D.
Retina
Correct Answer
B. EyelidExplanation
The tarsal glands are located in the eyelid. These glands produce an oily substance called meibum, which helps to lubricate the surface of the eye and prevent the tears from evaporating too quickly. This keeps the eyes moist and prevents dryness and irritation. The tarsal glands are essential for maintaining the health and comfort of the eyes.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The olfactory epithelium is present in:
- A.
The lateral wall of the nose
- B.
Floor of the nasal cavity
- C.
Roof of the nasal cavity
- D.
Nasolacrimal duct
Correct Answer
C. Roof of the nasal cavityExplanation
The olfactory epithelium is responsible for detecting odors and is located in the roof of the nasal cavity. This area contains specialized cells called olfactory receptor neurons that have cilia extending into the nasal cavity. These cilia contain receptors that bind to odor molecules, allowing us to perceive different smells. The olfactory epithelium is not present in the lateral wall of the nose, floor of the nasal cavity, or nasolacrimal duct.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Phil suffers from a cerebral hemorrhage which damages part of one of the lobes of his brain. During the recovery period he notices, that his sense of taste is somewhat impaired and he is often not able to taste what he is eating.Which of the following lobes of the brain is most likely to have been affected by the hemorrhage?
- A.
Frontal lobe
- B.
Parietal lobe
- C.
Temporal lobe
- D.
Occipital lobe
Correct Answer
B. Parietal lobeExplanation
The parietal lobe is most likely to have been affected by the cerebral hemorrhage. The parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information, including taste. Damage to this lobe can result in impaired or altered sense of taste, which aligns with Phil's experience of not being able to taste what he is eating.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Peter suffered a severe head injury following which his personality changed. His judgment was affected, as was his social behavior and he would not behave appropriately in public. Which are of the brain do you think was affected in his case?
- A.
Parietal lobe
- B.
Frontal lobe
- C.
Temporal lobe
- D.
Occipital lobe
Correct Answer
B. Frontal lobeExplanation
Peter's severe head injury resulted in a change in his personality, impaired judgment, and inappropriate social behavior. These symptoms are commonly associated with damage to the frontal lobe of the brain. The frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as decision-making, problem-solving, social behavior, and personality. Damage to this area can lead to alterations in behavior, emotional regulation, and social interactions, which aligns with Peter's symptoms. Therefore, it is likely that the frontal lobe was affected in his case.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The auditory area is located in the:
- A.
Parietal lobe
- B.
Temporal lobe
- C.
Frontal lobe
- D.
Occipital lobe
Correct Answer
B. Temporal lobeExplanation
The auditory area is responsible for processing sound and is located in the temporal lobe of the brain. This area receives and interprets auditory information, allowing us to perceive and understand sounds. The temporal lobe is also involved in other functions such as language comprehension, memory, and emotion processing.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Object recognition by touch and texture is a function of the frontal lobe
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The given statement is false. Object recognition by touch and texture is not solely a function of the frontal lobe. It involves the integration of sensory information from multiple brain regions, including the parietal lobe, which is responsible for processing touch and spatial information. The frontal lobe is involved in higher-order cognitive functions such as decision-making and problem-solving, but it is not specifically responsible for object recognition by touch and texture.Rate this question:
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- 29.
A person sustains a severe head injury on the posterior aspect of his skull affecting his occipital lobe. Quite naturally, you would first suspect this person is likely to have..
- A.
Speech problems
- B.
Visual problems
- C.
Hearing problems
- D.
Sensory deficit
Correct Answer
B. Visual problemsExplanation
When a person sustains a severe head injury on the posterior aspect of their skull affecting the occipital lobe, it is likely to result in visual problems. The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information, so damage to this area can lead to difficulties with vision, such as blurred vision, loss of visual field, or even blindness. Therefore, it is reasonable to suspect that this person would experience visual problems as a result of the injury.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The canal that connects the third and fourth ventricles is called:
- A.
Central canal
- B.
Interventricular foramen
- C.
Subarachnoid canal
- D.
Cerebral aqueduct
Correct Answer
D. Cerebral aqueductExplanation
The canal that connects the third and fourth ventricles is called the cerebral aqueduct. This narrow passage, also known as the aqueduct of Sylvius, is located within the midbrain and allows for the flow of cerebrospinal fluid between the ventricles. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid throughout the brain and spinal cord. The other options mentioned, such as the central canal, interventricular foramen, and subarachnoid canal, are not correct as they refer to different structures within the brain and do not specifically connect the third and fourth ventricles.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which of the following areas would not contain cerebrospinal fluid?
- A.
Subdural space
- B.
Third ventricle
- C.
Fourth ventricle
- D.
Subarachnoid space
Correct Answer
A. Subdural spaceExplanation
The subdural space is a potential space between the dura mater (a protective membrane surrounding the brain) and the arachnoid mater (a delicate membrane). It does not normally contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF is produced in the ventricles of the brain and circulates throughout the subarachnoid space, which surrounds the brain and spinal cord. The third and fourth ventricles are specific areas within the brain where CSF is produced. Therefore, the subdural space is the only option that would not contain cerebrospinal fluid.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by the:
- A.
Meningeal blood vessels
- B.
Choroid plexus
- C.
Pia mater
- D.
Venous sinuses
Correct Answer
B. Choroid plexusExplanation
Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by the choroid plexus. The choroid plexus is a specialized structure located in the ventricles of the brain. It consists of a network of blood vessels covered by a layer of specialized cells called ependymal cells. These cells actively transport certain substances from the blood into the cerebrospinal fluid, which is then produced and secreted by the choroid plexus. This fluid serves important functions such as cushioning and protecting the brain and spinal cord, removing waste products, and providing a stable environment for neural activity.Rate this question:
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- 33.
The fourth ventricle is related to the ..
- A.
Pons, medulla and cerebellum
- B.
Midbrain, pons and medulla
- C.
Cerebral hemispheres
- D.
Thalamus
Correct Answer
A. Pons, medulla and cerebellumExplanation
The fourth ventricle is a fluid-filled cavity located in the brainstem, specifically between the pons and the cerebellum. It is closely associated with the pons, medulla, and cerebellum, as these structures surround and partially enclose the ventricle. The fourth ventricle plays a crucial role in the circulation and production of cerebrospinal fluid, which helps protect and nourish the brain and spinal cord. Therefore, the correct answer is pons, medulla, and cerebellum.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Hydrocephalus can occur because of..
- A.
Increased production of CSF
- B.
Blockage of arachnoid villi
- C.
Blockage of openings in the fourth ventricle
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Hydrocephalus can occur due to increased production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blockage of arachnoid villi, or blockage of openings in the fourth ventricle. Increased production of CSF can lead to a buildup of fluid in the brain, causing hydrocephalus. Blockage of arachnoid villi, which help drain CSF, can also result in fluid accumulation. Similarly, blockage of openings in the fourth ventricle can impede the flow of CSF and contribute to hydrocephalus. Therefore, all of the mentioned factors can cause hydrocephalus.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Cerebrospinal fluid is present in the...
- A.
Ventricles of the brain
- B.
Central canal of spinal cord
- C.
Subarachnoid space
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord. It is produced in the ventricles of the brain and flows through the central canal of the spinal cord. It also fills the subarachnoid space, which is the space between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as cerebrospinal fluid is present in the ventricles of the brain, central canal of the spinal cord, and subarachnoid space.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The conus medullaris represents the..
- A.
Sheaf of nerves at the lower end of the spinal cord
- B.
The conical tapered portion at the end of the spinal cord
- C.
The thin filament that emerges from the end of the spinal cord
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. The conical tapered portion at the end of the spinal cordExplanation
The conus medullaris is the conical tapered portion at the end of the spinal cord. It is located at the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra. This structure marks the end of the spinal cord proper and is where the spinal nerves continue as a bundle of nerve roots called the cauda equina. The conus medullaris is an important landmark in spinal cord anatomy and is involved in the transmission of sensory and motor information.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Most of the ascending and descending tracts to and from the cerebral hemisphere cross over from one side of the body to the other.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Most of the ascending and descending tracts to and from the cerebral hemisphere cross over from one side of the body to the other. This is known as contralateral control, where the left hemisphere of the brain controls the right side of the body and vice versa. The crossing over of these tracts allows for efficient and coordinated movement and sensory processing between the brain and the body.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Descending tracts carry information ..
- A.
From the brain to the spinal cord
- B.
From one lobe of the brain to another lobe of the brain
- C.
From the spinal cord to the brain
- D.
From the spinal cord to other areas of the spinal cord
Correct Answer
A. From the brain to the spinal cordExplanation
Descending tracts are neural pathways that carry information from the brain to the spinal cord. These tracts are responsible for transmitting motor commands from the brain to the spinal cord, which then controls voluntary movements and reflexes. This allows the brain to communicate with the rest of the body and coordinate movement.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The sheaf of nerve fibers present in the vertebral canal beyond L1 vertebra is called the:
- A.
Conus medullaris
- B.
Cauda equina
- C.
Filum terminale
- D.
Conus equina
Correct Answer
B. Cauda equinaExplanation
The correct answer is cauda equina. The cauda equina is a bundle of nerve roots that extend from the end of the spinal cord, known as the conus medullaris, in the vertebral canal beyond the L1 vertebra. It resembles a horse's tail, which is what "cauda equina" means in Latin. This bundle of nerve fibers is responsible for transmitting sensory and motor signals to and from the lower limbs and pelvic organs.Rate this question:
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- 40.
The diencephalon consists of the ..
- A.
Thalamus
- B.
Hypothalamus
- C.
Epithalamus
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The diencephalon is a region of the brain that is located between the cerebral hemispheres and the midbrain. It consists of several structures, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus. The thalamus serves as a relay station for sensory information, the hypothalamus regulates various bodily functions such as temperature and hormone production, and the epithalamus contains the pineal gland which is involved in the regulation of sleep-wake cycles. Therefore, all of the above structures are part of the diencephalon.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The Central Nervous system consists of?
- A.
Brain and spinal nerves
- B.
Spinal nerves and cranial nerves
- C.
Brain and ganglia
- D.
Spinal cord and brain
Correct Answer
D. Spinal cord and brainExplanation
The central nervous system consists of the spinal cord and brain. The spinal cord is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the brain and motor information from the brain to the body. It also plays a role in reflex actions. The brain is the control center of the nervous system and is responsible for processing and interpreting sensory information, coordinating motor functions, and regulating bodily functions. Together, the spinal cord and brain form the central nervous system, which is essential for communication and coordination within the body.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Among the following which is not a function of the hypothalamus?
- A.
Modulating the diurnal rhythm[ sleep-wake cycle]
- B.
Controlling the body temperature by acting as the body thermostat
- C.
Controlling speech
- D.
Controlling thirst
- E.
Controlling the pituitary gland activity
Correct Answer
C. Controlling speechExplanation
The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating various physiological functions in the body, including controlling the sleep-wake cycle, body temperature, thirst, and the activity of the pituitary gland. However, it does not directly control speech. Speech is primarily controlled by the areas of the brain involved in language processing, such as the Broca's area and Wernicke's area, which are located in the cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus does not have a direct role in speech production or language processing.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The cerebellum controls the contralateral side of the body
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The cerebellum does not control the contralateral side of the body. Instead, it primarily controls ipsilateral movements, meaning it coordinates movements on the same side of the body. This is why damage to the cerebellum often leads to coordination and balance issues on the same side of the body that is affected. Therefore, the statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The primary sensory relay station is the...
- A.
Hypothalamus
- B.
Thalamus
- C.
Midbrain
- D.
Pons
- E.
Medulla
Correct Answer
B. ThalamusExplanation
The thalamus is the correct answer because it serves as the primary sensory relay station in the brain. It receives sensory information from various parts of the body and sends it to the appropriate areas of the cerebral cortex for further processing. The thalamus also plays a crucial role in regulating consciousness, sleep, and alertness.Rate this question:
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- 45.
A person suffering from cerebellar disease would not be able to..
- A.
Extend their knees
- B.
Flex their elbows
- C.
Perform pronation and supination movements, fast
- D.
Salivate at the sight of food
Correct Answer
C. Perform pronation and supination movements, fastExplanation
A person suffering from cerebellar disease would not be able to perform pronation and supination movements, fast. The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating and controlling voluntary movements, including fine motor skills like pronation and supination. When the cerebellum is affected by disease, it can lead to difficulties in coordinating and executing these movements accurately and quickly. Therefore, a person with cerebellar disease would struggle to perform pronation and supination movements at a fast pace.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The blood supply of the brain is through the..
- A.
Basilar-carotid system
- B.
Vertebro-basilar system
- C.
Vertebro-carotid system
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Vertebro-carotid systemExplanation
The vertebro-carotid system refers to the blood supply of the brain, which is provided by the vertebral arteries and the carotid arteries. The vertebral arteries supply blood to the posterior part of the brain, while the carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior part of the brain. Together, these arteries form the vertebro-carotid system, ensuring a sufficient blood supply to the entire brain.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Impulses from the right side of the body will go to the..
- A.
Left cerebral hemisphere
- B.
Right cerebral hemisphere
- C.
Left cerebellar hemisphere
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Left cerebral hemisphereExplanation
Impulses from the right side of the body will go to the left cerebral hemisphere because of the phenomenon known as contralateral innervation. This means that the sensory information from one side of the body is processed in the opposite hemisphere of the brain. Therefore, impulses from the right side of the body, such as touch or pain, will be processed in the left cerebral hemisphere.Rate this question:
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- 48.
The representation of the body on the brain depends on the:
- A.
Size of the part being represented
- B.
Functional importance of the part being represented
- C.
Location of the part being represented
- D.
Blood supply of the part being represented
Correct Answer
B. Functional importance of the part being representedExplanation
The representation of the body on the brain depends on the functional importance of the part being represented. This means that areas of the body that are more important for certain functions will have a larger representation in the brain compared to less important areas. For example, the hands and face have a larger representation in the brain compared to other parts of the body because they are involved in fine motor skills and sensory perception. This principle is known as somatotopic organization, where different parts of the body are represented in specific areas of the brain based on their importance.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Select the statement that is CORRECT:
- A.
The dorsal root ganglion is a motor only structure
- B.
All cranial nerves are mixed nerves
- C.
The cell bodies of afferent fibers are located in the spinal cord
- D.
Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neurons
Correct Answer
D. Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neuronsExplanation
Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neurons. This means that the ganglia, which are clusters of nerve cell bodies, that are connected to afferent (sensory) nerve fibers contain the cell bodies of sensory neurons. This is important because these ganglia play a crucial role in transmitting sensory information from the periphery of the body to the central nervous system for processing and interpretation.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Interneurons are present in the...
- A.
Peripheral nervous system
- B.
Peripheral and central nervous systems
- C.
Central nervous system
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Central nervous systemExplanation
Interneurons are a type of neuron that are found entirely within the central nervous system. They function as connectors between sensory neurons and motor neurons, allowing for communication and integration of information within the central nervous system. Therefore, the correct answer is that interneurons are present in the central nervous system.Rate this question:
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