Ultimate Quiz Test About Muscular System

Tendons are strong, fibrous connective tissues that connect muscles to bones. They play a crucial role in transmitting the force generated by the muscles to the bones, allowing movement and providing stability to the joints. Therefore, the correct answer is "muscle to bone."

Calcium is necessary for muscle contraction because it plays a vital role in the release of neurotransmitters, which stimulate muscle fibers to contract. When an action potential reaches the muscle fibers, calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, allowing the actin and myosin filaments to interact and generate force. Without sufficient calcium, muscle contraction would be impaired, leading to weakness and decreased muscle function. Therefore, calcium is an essential mineral for proper muscle function and contraction.

The sternocleidomastoid muscle is responsible for turning the head to the opposite side. This muscle is located in the neck and connects the sternum and clavicle to the mastoid process of the skull. When contracted, it rotates the head to the opposite side and also flexes the neck. The other options, platysma, frontalis, and occipitalis, are not involved in head rotation.

A voluntary muscle is under conscious control, meaning that it can only contract when the brain sends signals through the motor nerves to the muscle. Sensory nerves transmit information from the sensory organs to the brain, mixed nerves carry both sensory and motor fibers, and association nerves connect different areas within the brain. Therefore, the correct answer is motor nerve, as it is responsible for transmitting the necessary signals to initiate muscle contraction.

Muscle fatigue can be caused by the build-up of lactic acid. During intense exercise, the body produces energy through anaerobic metabolism, which leads to the accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles. This build-up of lactic acid can interfere with muscle contractions and contribute to fatigue. Sufficient supply of oxygen and glycogen can help prevent muscle fatigue, while the lack of lactic acid is not a known cause of muscle fatigue.

The muscles that form the quadriceps are the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. These muscles are located in the front of the thigh and work together to extend the leg at the knee joint. The trapezius, rhomboids, and levator scapulae are muscles of the upper back and shoulder region. The biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus are muscles of the hamstring group located at the back of the thigh. Therefore, the correct answer is the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius.

Muscle tone refers to the continuous and partial contraction of muscles even when at rest. This contraction helps to maintain posture by providing a certain level of tension in the muscles, which keeps the body upright and balanced. Without muscle tone, the body would be unable to maintain its position against gravity, leading to difficulties in maintaining proper posture. Therefore, maintaining posture is the primary function of muscle tone.

The heart is a type of muscle known as a cardiac muscle, which is involuntary. This means that it contracts and relaxes without conscious control. In contrast, the bladder, stomach, and brain contain smooth muscles, which are also involuntary. Therefore, the correct answer is heart because it is the only option that does not contain an involuntary muscle.

Fast glycolytic muscle fibers are plentiful in the muscles used for throwing a ball because these fibers are responsible for generating quick and powerful contractions. They rely on anaerobic metabolism, specifically glycolysis, to produce energy rapidly. This type of muscle fiber is well-suited for explosive movements, such as throwing a ball, as it can generate a large amount of force in a short period of time. Slow oxidative fibers, on the other hand, are more suited for endurance activities and rely on aerobic metabolism. Fast oxidative fibers have characteristics of both slow oxidative and fast glycolytic fibers, making them more adaptable to a variety of activities.

The orbicularis muscle is responsible for closing the eye. This muscle is circular in shape and surrounds the eye socket. When it contracts, it causes the eyelids to close, protecting the eye from foreign objects and helping to distribute tears across the surface of the eye.