True & False - Abdominal Cavity - D. Alaa Jamel

Explanation
The statement is true because the superior epigastric vein of the internal mammary vein does indeed anastomose (connect) inside the rectus sheath with the inferior epigastric vein of the external iliac vein. This anastomosis allows for the exchange of blood between these two veins, providing an alternative pathway for blood flow in case of any blockage or obstruction in either vein.

Explanation
The statement is false because the renal veins are not short and do not lie in front of the 2nd part of the duodenum. The renal veins are actually long and they lie behind the 2nd part of the duodenum.

Explanation
The statement is false because the caudate lobe of the liver is located on the left side of the IVC, not the right side. Additionally, the right crus of the diaphragm is also located on the left side of the IVC. So, the correct statement would be that the caudate lobe of the liver and the right crus of the diaphragm are related to the left side of the IVC, not the right side.

Explanation
The termination of the inferior vena cava (IVC) when open to the upper part of the right atrium is a normal anatomical feature. The IVC carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium of the heart. It enters the right atrium at a specific location called the IVC orifice, which is located in the lower part of the right atrium. Therefore, the statement that the termination of the IVC is open to the upper part of the right atrium is incorrect.

Explanation
The sternal origin of the diaphragm refers to the point where the diaphragm muscle attaches to the sternum, specifically the back of the xiphoid process. This attachment allows the diaphragm to move and contract, aiding in the process of breathing. Therefore, the statement that the sternal origin of the diaphragm arises from the back of the xiphoid process is true.

Explanation
The statement is false because there is no such thing as a "medial arcute lig" connecting the transverse process of L1 with the last rib. The correct term is "medial arcuate ligament," which connects the transverse process of L1 with the psoas major muscle.

Explanation
The thoracic duct is the largest lymphatic vessel in the body and it drains lymph from the lower body, left side of the head, neck, and upper left limb. It passes through the aortic opening, which is an opening in the diaphragm that allows structures to pass between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Therefore, the statement "Through Aortaic opening pass thoracic duct" is true.

Explanation
The psoas minor muscle does indeed originate from the side of the T12 and L1 vertebrae and the disc in between. This muscle is located deep within the abdomen and plays a role in flexing the hip joint. Its origin from the vertebrae and disc allows it to have a stable attachment and provide support for movements involving the hip and spine. Therefore, the statement "True" accurately describes the origin of the psoas minor muscle.

Explanation
The statement is false because the body of lumber vertebra is not small in size and does not have a heart shape. Additionally, the lumber vertebra does have costal facets.