Elintlabz - Online Screening Test

1. What is the frequency of the crystal used in Arduino Uno Board?

16 KHz

16 MHz

16 GHz

12 MHz

The correct answer is 16 MHz. The frequency of the crystal used in the Arduino Uno Board is 16 MHz. This crystal is responsible for providing the timing reference for the microcontroller on the board. It helps in accurately executing instructions and maintaining the correct timing for various operations.

Explanation

The correct answer is 16 MHz. The frequency of the crystal used in the Arduino Uno Board is 16 MHz. This crystal is responsible for providing the timing reference for the microcontroller on the board. It helps in accurately executing instructions and maintaining the correct timing for various operations.

2. PWM stands for ________.

Pulse With Modulation

Pin Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse With Mode

PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation. This is a technique used to control the amount of power delivered to a device by varying the width of the pulses in a periodic signal. By adjusting the width of the pulses, the average power can be controlled, allowing for precise control of devices such as motors, LEDs, and audio signals. This technique is commonly used in electronics and is an important concept in fields such as robotics, automation, and power electronics.

Explanation

PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation. This is a technique used to control the amount of power delivered to a device by varying the width of the pulses in a periodic signal. By adjusting the width of the pulses, the average power can be controlled, allowing for precise control of devices such as motors, LEDs, and audio signals. This technique is commonly used in electronics and is an important concept in fields such as robotics, automation, and power electronics.

3. In Arduino programming every statement ends with __________.

.

,

;

:

In Arduino programming, every statement ends with a semicolon (;). This is a common practice in many programming languages, including C and C++, which Arduino is based on. The semicolon serves as a statement terminator, indicating the end of a line of code. It is important to include the semicolon at the end of each statement to ensure that the code is properly executed and to avoid syntax errors.

Explanation

In Arduino programming, every statement ends with a semicolon (;). This is a common practice in many programming languages, including C and C++, which Arduino is based on. The semicolon serves as a statement terminator, indicating the end of a line of code. It is important to include the semicolon at the end of each statement to ensure that the code is properly executed and to avoid syntax errors.

4. In Arduino UNO which pin has inbuilt on board LED associated with it?

1

13

12

11

Pin 13 in Arduino UNO has an inbuilt on board LED associated with it. This means that when you write a HIGH value to pin 13, the LED will turn on, and when you write a LOW value to pin 13, the LED will turn off. This pin is commonly used for testing and debugging purposes, as it provides a quick and easy way to check if the Arduino board is functioning correctly.

Explanation

Pin 13 in Arduino UNO has an inbuilt on board LED associated with it. This means that when you write a HIGH value to pin 13, the LED will turn on, and when you write a LOW value to pin 13, the LED will turn off. This pin is commonly used for testing and debugging purposes, as it provides a quick and easy way to check if the Arduino board is functioning correctly.

5. Which of these pins can be used as RX & TX pins for serial communication in Arduino UNO?

1&2

0&1

3&4

9&10

Pins 0 and 1 can be used as RX (receive) and TX (transmit) pins for serial communication in Arduino UNO. These pins are connected to the built-in USB-to-serial converter of the Arduino board, allowing communication with other devices or computers.

Explanation

Pins 0 and 1 can be used as RX (receive) and TX (transmit) pins for serial communication in Arduino UNO. These pins are connected to the built-in USB-to-serial converter of the Arduino board, allowing communication with other devices or computers.

6. Which statement can be used inside other control statements to immediately end the loop or statement?

Exit

Continue

Break

End

The correct answer is "Break" because it is used inside control statements such as loops or switch statements to immediately terminate the execution of the loop or statement. When the break statement is encountered, the program will exit the loop or switch statement and continue with the next line of code after the loop or statement. This is useful when you want to prematurely exit a loop or skip the remaining iterations.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Break" because it is used inside control statements such as loops or switch statements to immediately terminate the execution of the loop or statement. When the break statement is encountered, the program will exit the loop or switch statement and continue with the next line of code after the loop or statement. This is useful when you want to prematurely exit a loop or skip the remaining iterations.

7. The number ‘104’ on a capacitor indicates

0.1uF

1000nF

1nF

10nF

The number '104' on a capacitor indicates a capacitance value of 0.1uF. Capacitors are often labeled with a three-digit code, where the first two digits represent the significant figures and the third digit represents the multiplier. In this case, '10' represents the significant figures (10) and '4' represents the multiplier (10^4), resulting in a capacitance value of 0.1uF.

Explanation

The number '104' on a capacitor indicates a capacitance value of 0.1uF. Capacitors are often labeled with a three-digit code, where the first two digits represent the significant figures and the third digit represents the multiplier. In this case, '10' represents the significant figures (10) and '4' represents the multiplier (10^4), resulting in a capacitance value of 0.1uF.

8. Atmega328 micro-controller has ______________ bytes of flash (Program) memory.

64K

8K

16K

32K

The Atmega328 micro-controller has 32K bytes of flash (Program) memory. This means that it can store up to 32 kilobytes of program code, which is used to control the operations of the micro-controller. This amount of memory is sufficient for many applications and allows for the implementation of complex algorithms and functionality.

Explanation

The Atmega328 micro-controller has 32K bytes of flash (Program) memory. This means that it can store up to 32 kilobytes of program code, which is used to control the operations of the micro-controller. This amount of memory is sufficient for many applications and allows for the implementation of complex algorithms and functionality.

9. How many analog ports does an Arduino have?

Five, and they are labeled A1-A5

Six, and they are labeled A0-A5

Six, and they are labeled A1-A6

Five, and they are labeled A0-A4

An Arduino has six analog ports, labeled A0-A5. These ports allow the Arduino to read analog signals, such as sensor inputs, and convert them into digital values that can be processed by the microcontroller.

Explanation

An Arduino has six analog ports, labeled A0-A5. These ports allow the Arduino to read analog signals, such as sensor inputs, and convert them into digital values that can be processed by the microcontroller.

10. Which logical operator will return a TRUE value only if both conditional statements are TRUE?

Logical AND (&&)

Logical OR (||)

Logical NOT ( ! )

Logical XOR ( ^ )

The logical AND (&&) operator returns a TRUE value only if both conditional statements are TRUE. This means that if both statements evaluate to TRUE, the overall result will be TRUE. If either or both statements evaluate to FALSE, the overall result will be FALSE.

Explanation

The logical AND (&&) operator returns a TRUE value only if both conditional statements are TRUE. This means that if both statements evaluate to TRUE, the overall result will be TRUE. If either or both statements evaluate to FALSE, the overall result will be FALSE.

11. The keyword used to transfer control from a called function back to the calling function is

Switch

Goto

Go back

Return

The keyword "return" is used to transfer control from a called function back to the calling function. When a function is called, it executes its code and may produce a result. The "return" keyword allows the function to send the result back to the calling function and terminate its execution. This allows the calling function to continue its execution using the returned result or perform any necessary actions based on the returned value.

Explanation

The keyword "return" is used to transfer control from a called function back to the calling function. When a function is called, it executes its code and may produce a result. The "return" keyword allows the function to send the result back to the calling function and terminate its execution. This allows the calling function to continue its execution using the returned result or perform any necessary actions based on the returned value.

12. Atmega328 is a ___________ microcontroller.

8 bit

16 bit

32 bit

64 bit

Atmega328 is a microcontroller that operates on an 8-bit architecture. This means that its central processing unit (CPU) can process and manipulate data in 8-bit chunks at a time. The 8-bit architecture allows for simpler and more efficient programming, making it suitable for a wide range of applications such as embedded systems, robotics, and IoT devices.

Explanation

Atmega328 is a microcontroller that operates on an 8-bit architecture. This means that its central processing unit (CPU) can process and manipulate data in 8-bit chunks at a time. The 8-bit architecture allows for simpler and more efficient programming, making it suitable for a wide range of applications such as embedded systems, robotics, and IoT devices.

13. Identify the SCK pin in Arduino.

12

13

10

11

The SCK pin in Arduino is identified as pin number 13.

Explanation

The SCK pin in Arduino is identified as pin number 13.

14. What is the short cut key for verify button in Arduino IDE?

Ctrl + R

Ctrl + V

Ctrl + U

Ctrl + Y

The shortcut key for the verify button in Arduino IDE is Ctrl + R. This combination allows users to quickly verify their code without having to manually click on the verify button. This shortcut saves time and makes the coding process more efficient.

Explanation

The shortcut key for the verify button in Arduino IDE is Ctrl + R. This combination allows users to quickly verify their code without having to manually click on the verify button. This shortcut saves time and makes the coding process more efficient.

15. What is the maximum available baudrate in Arduino IDE?

28800

57600

115200

144000

The maximum available baudrate in Arduino IDE is 115200. This is the highest baudrate that can be set for serial communication using the Arduino IDE. Baudrate refers to the number of signal changes per second in a communication channel, and a higher baudrate allows for faster data transmission. Therefore, 115200 is the correct answer as it represents the maximum available baudrate in the Arduino IDE.

Explanation

The maximum available baudrate in Arduino IDE is 115200. This is the highest baudrate that can be set for serial communication using the Arduino IDE. Baudrate refers to the number of signal changes per second in a communication channel, and a higher baudrate allows for faster data transmission. Therefore, 115200 is the correct answer as it represents the maximum available baudrate in the Arduino IDE.

16. If a 10K resistor is placed across a 10v supply then the circuit current will be

10mA

1mA

0.01mA

0.1mA

When a 10K resistor is connected across a 10V supply, the circuit current can be determined using Ohm's Law, which states that current (I) is equal to voltage (V) divided by resistance (R). In this case, the voltage is 10V and the resistance is 10K (which is equivalent to 10,000 ohms). By substituting these values into the formula, we get I = 10V / 10,000 ohms = 0.001A, which is equal to 1mA. Therefore, the correct answer is 1mA.

Explanation

When a 10K resistor is connected across a 10V supply, the circuit current can be determined using Ohm's Law, which states that current (I) is equal to voltage (V) divided by resistance (R). In this case, the voltage is 10V and the resistance is 10K (which is equivalent to 10,000 ohms). By substituting these values into the formula, we get I = 10V / 10,000 ohms = 0.001A, which is equal to 1mA. Therefore, the correct answer is 1mA.

17. How many PWM pins are there on Arduino Uno Board?

3

4

6

8

The Arduino Uno Board has a total of 6 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pins. PWM pins are used to generate analog output signals by varying the width of the pulse. These pins are labeled as 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11 on the Arduino Uno Board.

Explanation

The Arduino Uno Board has a total of 6 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pins. PWM pins are used to generate analog output signals by varying the width of the pulse. These pins are labeled as 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11 on the Arduino Uno Board.

18. What is the size of RAM in Atmega328p IC?

256Bytes

512Bytes

1KBytes

2KBytes

The correct answer is 2KBytes. The Atmega328p IC has a RAM size of 2KBytes. RAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of computer memory that is used for temporary storage of data during program execution. The larger the RAM size, the more data can be stored and accessed quickly by the processor. In this case, the Atmega328p IC has a 2KBytes RAM size, which allows for efficient data handling and processing within the microcontroller.

Explanation

The correct answer is 2KBytes. The Atmega328p IC has a RAM size of 2KBytes. RAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of computer memory that is used for temporary storage of data during program execution. The larger the RAM size, the more data can be stored and accessed quickly by the processor. In this case, the Atmega328p IC has a 2KBytes RAM size, which allows for efficient data handling and processing within the microcontroller.

19. How many analog input pins are present on the Arduino Uno board?

14

6

8

5

The correct answer is 6. The Arduino Uno board has a total of 6 analog input pins. These pins can be used to read analog signals from sensors or other devices. Analog input pins allow the Arduino to measure continuous voltage levels, providing more precise measurements compared to digital input pins.

Explanation

The correct answer is 6. The Arduino Uno board has a total of 6 analog input pins. These pins can be used to read analog signals from sensors or other devices. Analog input pins allow the Arduino to measure continuous voltage levels, providing more precise measurements compared to digital input pins.

20. In which file extension Arduino sketches are saved?

.ino

.ard

.cpp

.hex

Arduino sketches are saved with the .ino file extension. This extension is used to identify and differentiate Arduino sketch files from other types of files. It is a common convention followed by Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) to save sketches with the .ino extension. This allows the IDE to recognize and open the file as an Arduino sketch, making it easier for developers to work with and upload their code to Arduino boards.

Explanation

Arduino sketches are saved with the .ino file extension. This extension is used to identify and differentiate Arduino sketch files from other types of files. It is a common convention followed by Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) to save sketches with the .ino extension. This allows the IDE to recognize and open the file as an Arduino sketch, making it easier for developers to work with and upload their code to Arduino boards.

21. How many digital I/O pins are present on the Arduino Uno board?

12

14

13

20

The Arduino Uno board has a total of 14 digital I/O pins. These pins can be used for both input and output operations, allowing the Arduino to interact with various sensors, actuators, and other electronic components. The availability of 14 digital I/O pins provides flexibility and versatility in connecting and controlling external devices or circuits.

Explanation

The Arduino Uno board has a total of 14 digital I/O pins. These pins can be used for both input and output operations, allowing the Arduino to interact with various sensors, actuators, and other electronic components. The availability of 14 digital I/O pins provides flexibility and versatility in connecting and controlling external devices or circuits.

22. Arduino (Atmega) pins can source / sink current up to

30mA

40mA

25mA

52.5mA

Arduino (Atmega) pins can source/sink current up to 40mA. This means that the pins can provide or draw a maximum current of 40mA. It is important to note this limit as exceeding it can damage the Arduino board or the connected components. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the current flowing through the pins does not exceed this value to prevent any potential damage.

Explanation

Arduino (Atmega) pins can source/sink current up to 40mA. This means that the pins can provide or draw a maximum current of 40mA. It is important to note this limit as exceeding it can damage the Arduino board or the connected components. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the current flowing through the pins does not exceed this value to prevent any potential damage.

23. In C program, if you pass an array as an argument to a function,what actually gets passed?

Value of elements in array

First element of the array

Base address of the array

Address of the last element of array

When you pass an array as an argument to a function in a C program, what actually gets passed is the base address of the array. This means that the memory address of the first element of the array is passed to the function. By using this base address, the function can access and manipulate the elements of the array.

Explanation

When you pass an array as an argument to a function in a C program, what actually gets passed is the base address of the array. This means that the memory address of the first element of the array is passed to the function. By using this base address, the function can access and manipulate the elements of the array.

24. The Serial.print() function is used for printing __________________to the connected Serial device.

Hexadecimal values

ASCII Characters

Binary Values

None

The Serial.print() function is used for printing ASCII characters to the connected Serial device. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a character encoding standard that represents text in computers and other devices. By using the Serial.print() function, ASCII characters can be sent to the Serial device for display or further processing.

Explanation

The Serial.print() function is used for printing ASCII characters to the connected Serial device. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a character encoding standard that represents text in computers and other devices. By using the Serial.print() function, ASCII characters can be sent to the Serial device for display or further processing.

25. The keyword used to transfer the control from a called function back to the calling function is___.

Goto

Return

Call

Jump

The keyword used to transfer the control from a called function back to the calling function is "return". This keyword is used to end the execution of a function and return a value, if necessary, to the calling function. It allows the program to resume execution from where the function was called, allowing for modular and organized code.

Explanation

The keyword used to transfer the control from a called function back to the calling function is "return". This keyword is used to end the execution of a function and return a value, if necessary, to the calling function. It allows the program to resume execution from where the function was called, allowing for modular and organized code.

26. A Zener diode __________.

Has a high forward voltage rating.

Has a sharp breakdown at low reverse voltage.

Is useful as an amplifier.

Has a negative resistance.

A Zener diode is a type of diode that is designed to operate in the reverse breakdown region. This means that it has a sharp breakdown at low reverse voltage, allowing it to maintain a constant voltage across its terminals when it is reverse biased. This property makes Zener diodes useful for voltage regulation and protection in circuits. It does not have a high forward voltage rating, is not typically used as an amplifier, and does not exhibit negative resistance.

Explanation

A Zener diode is a type of diode that is designed to operate in the reverse breakdown region. This means that it has a sharp breakdown at low reverse voltage, allowing it to maintain a constant voltage across its terminals when it is reverse biased. This property makes Zener diodes useful for voltage regulation and protection in circuits. It does not have a high forward voltage rating, is not typically used as an amplifier, and does not exhibit negative resistance.

27. What is the size of EEPROM in Atmega328p IC?

512Bytes

1KBytes

2KBytes

256Bytes

The size of the EEPROM in the Atmega328p IC is 1KBytes. EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, and it is a type of non-volatile memory that can be written, erased, and read electrically. In the case of the Atmega328p IC, it has a 1KByte EEPROM, which means it can store up to 1024 bytes of data that can be accessed even when the power is turned off.

Explanation

The size of the EEPROM in the Atmega328p IC is 1KBytes. EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, and it is a type of non-volatile memory that can be written, erased, and read electrically. In the case of the Atmega328p IC, it has a 1KByte EEPROM, which means it can store up to 1024 bytes of data that can be accessed even when the power is turned off.

28. Which memory space is used to store the program (sketch) in Arduino?

EEPROM

Flash

SRAM

EPROM

The program (sketch) in Arduino is stored in the Flash memory space. Flash memory is a type of non-volatile memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. It is commonly used for storing firmware or software in electronic devices. In the case of Arduino, the sketch is compiled and uploaded to the Arduino board's Flash memory, where it remains even after power is removed. This allows the program to be executed each time the Arduino is powered on or reset.

Explanation

The program (sketch) in Arduino is stored in the Flash memory space. Flash memory is a type of non-volatile memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. It is commonly used for storing firmware or software in electronic devices. In the case of Arduino, the sketch is compiled and uploaded to the Arduino board's Flash memory, where it remains even after power is removed. This allows the program to be executed each time the Arduino is powered on or reset.

29. If two resistors are connected in series then _________is the total resistance.

Higher

Lower

Cannot be determined

Same

When two resistors are connected in series, the total resistance increases. This is because the current flowing through both resistors is the same, and the voltage across each resistor adds up. Therefore, the total resistance is higher than the resistance of either individual resistor.

Explanation

When two resistors are connected in series, the total resistance increases. This is because the current flowing through both resistors is the same, and the voltage across each resistor adds up. Therefore, the total resistance is higher than the resistance of either individual resistor.

30. What is the size of an integer variable in Arduino UNO?

2 Bytes

4 Bytes

1 Byte

8 Bytes

The size of an integer variable in Arduino UNO is 2 Bytes. This means that an integer variable in Arduino UNO can store values ranging from -32,768 to 32,767.

Explanation

The size of an integer variable in Arduino UNO is 2 Bytes. This means that an integer variable in Arduino UNO can store values ranging from -32,768 to 32,767.

31. How many times the function loop() runs?

1

2

Infinite

None

The function loop() runs an infinite number of times because there is no condition or constraint specified that would cause the loop to stop. Therefore, the loop will continue executing indefinitely until it is manually terminated or an error occurs.

Explanation

The function loop() runs an infinite number of times because there is no condition or constraint specified that would cause the loop to stop. Therefore, the loop will continue executing indefinitely until it is manually terminated or an error occurs.

32. Which of the following is not logical operator?

&

&&

||

!

The correct answer is "&". The ampersand symbol (&) is not a logical operator. It is a bitwise operator used for performing bitwise AND operation on two values. Logical operators, on the other hand, are used to combine or manipulate boolean values. The logical operators in the given options are "&&" (logical AND), "||" (logical OR), and "!" (logical NOT).

Explanation

The correct answer is "&". The ampersand symbol (&) is not a logical operator. It is a bitwise operator used for performing bitwise AND operation on two values. Logical operators, on the other hand, are used to combine or manipulate boolean values. The logical operators in the given options are "&&" (logical AND), "||" (logical OR), and "!" (logical NOT).

33. Which of these pins can be used as a PWM pin?

2

4

9

12

Pin 9 can be used as a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pin. PWM is a technique used to control the average voltage or current delivered to a load. It is commonly used to control the speed of motors or the brightness of LEDs. In Arduino, pin 9 is capable of generating PWM signals using the analogWrite() function.

Explanation

Pin 9 can be used as a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pin. PWM is a technique used to control the average voltage or current delivered to a load. It is commonly used to control the speed of motors or the brightness of LEDs. In Arduino, pin 9 is capable of generating PWM signals using the analogWrite() function.

34. What is the size of Flash memory (program memory) in Atmega8 IC?

32KBytes

16KBytes

8KBytes

4KBytes

The size of Flash memory (program memory) in Atmega8 IC is 8KBytes. This means that the IC can store up to 8 kilobytes of program code.

Explanation

The size of Flash memory (program memory) in Atmega8 IC is 8KBytes. This means that the IC can store up to 8 kilobytes of program code.

35. Connecting a wire from the NEGATIVE terminal to the POSITIVE terminal of a battery will produce:

A high resistance circuit

A short circuit

A low current path

An open circuit

Connecting a wire from the negative terminal to the positive terminal of a battery creates a direct path for the flow of electric current. This results in a short circuit, where the current bypasses the intended circuit and flows directly from the negative to the positive terminal. A short circuit typically has very low resistance, allowing a large amount of current to flow, which can be dangerous and may cause damage to the battery or other components in the circuit.

Explanation

Connecting a wire from the negative terminal to the positive terminal of a battery creates a direct path for the flow of electric current. This results in a short circuit, where the current bypasses the intended circuit and flows directly from the negative to the positive terminal. A short circuit typically has very low resistance, allowing a large amount of current to flow, which can be dangerous and may cause damage to the battery or other components in the circuit.

36. Which statement when executed provides 5V @ the 13th pin on Arduino UNO board in order to turn ON the LED?

DigitalWrite(13,HIGH);

DigitalWrite(LED,HIGH);

DigitalWrite(13,LOW);

DigitalWrite(LED,LOW);

The correct answer is `digitalWrite(13,HIGH);`. This statement sets the voltage at the 13th pin on the Arduino UNO board to 5V, which turns on the LED connected to that pin.

Explanation

The correct answer is `digitalWrite(13,HIGH);`. This statement sets the voltage at the 13th pin on the Arduino UNO board to 5V, which turns on the LED connected to that pin.

37. By default a real number is treated as

Float

Double

Long

Long double

A real number is treated as a "double" by default because the "double" data type in programming languages represents a larger range and higher precision compared to other data types like "float" or "long". The "double" data type uses 64 bits to store the value, allowing for a wider range of values and more decimal places of precision. Therefore, when a real number is not explicitly defined as a specific data type, it is assumed to be a "double" by default.

Explanation

A real number is treated as a "double" by default because the "double" data type in programming languages represents a larger range and higher precision compared to other data types like "float" or "long". The "double" data type uses 64 bits to store the value, allowing for a wider range of values and more decimal places of precision. Therefore, when a real number is not explicitly defined as a specific data type, it is assumed to be a "double" by default.

38. PWM output varies from ________.

0 to 255

0 to 100

0 to 1023

0 to 256

PWM output varies from 0 to 255. This is because PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is a technique used to control the average voltage or current by varying the duty cycle of a square wave signal. In this case, the range of the duty cycle is from 0% to 100%, and since the value is represented by an 8-bit binary number, the range becomes 0 to 255.

Explanation

PWM output varies from 0 to 255. This is because PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is a technique used to control the average voltage or current by varying the duty cycle of a square wave signal. In this case, the range of the duty cycle is from 0% to 100%, and since the value is represented by an 8-bit binary number, the range becomes 0 to 255.

39. In function 'delay (t)', t is in_____.

Microseconds

Seconds

Nanoseconds

Milliseconds

The function 'delay(t)' is used to introduce a delay in the program for a specified amount of time. The parameter 't' represents the duration of the delay. Since the given options are units of time, the correct answer 'Milliseconds' implies that the parameter 't' should be in milliseconds to specify the delay accurately.

Explanation

The function 'delay(t)' is used to introduce a delay in the program for a specified amount of time. The parameter 't' represents the duration of the delay. Since the given options are units of time, the correct answer 'Milliseconds' implies that the parameter 't' should be in milliseconds to specify the delay accurately.

40. What is the maximum voltage level that can be read by any digital pin in Arduino UNO without damaging it?

3.3V

4.7V

5V

10V

The maximum voltage level that can be read by any digital pin in Arduino UNO without damaging it is 5V. This is because the Arduino UNO operates on a 5V logic level, meaning it can only interpret voltages below or equal to 5V as HIGH or logic 1. Any voltage above 5V may damage the digital pin, so it is important to ensure that the input voltage does not exceed this limit.

Explanation

The maximum voltage level that can be read by any digital pin in Arduino UNO without damaging it is 5V. This is because the Arduino UNO operates on a 5V logic level, meaning it can only interpret voltages below or equal to 5V as HIGH or logic 1. Any voltage above 5V may damage the digital pin, so it is important to ensure that the input voltage does not exceed this limit.

41. A function declaration involves establishing the function's _________

Return data type

Function's name

Parameters

All

A function declaration involves establishing all of the mentioned elements, namely the return data type, the function's name, and the parameters. These elements are essential in defining a function and determining its behavior. The return data type specifies the type of value that the function will return after execution. The function's name is used to identify and call the function in the code. Parameters are variables that are passed into the function and can be used within the function's body to perform specific operations. Therefore, all of these elements are necessary for a complete function declaration.

Explanation

A function declaration involves establishing all of the mentioned elements, namely the return data type, the function's name, and the parameters. These elements are essential in defining a function and determining its behavior. The return data type specifies the type of value that the function will return after execution. The function's name is used to identify and call the function in the code. Parameters are variables that are passed into the function and can be used within the function's body to perform specific operations. Therefore, all of these elements are necessary for a complete function declaration.

42. If a small value of capacitance is connected in parallel with a large value,the combinedcapacitance will be

The same

Higher

Lower

Cannot be determined

When a small value of capacitance is connected in parallel with a large value, the combined capacitance will be higher. This is because when capacitors are connected in parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitances. Therefore, adding a small capacitance in parallel with a large one increases the total capacitance.

Explanation

When a small value of capacitance is connected in parallel with a large value, the combined capacitance will be higher. This is because when capacitors are connected in parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitances. Therefore, adding a small capacitance in parallel with a large one increases the total capacitance.

43. Identify the digital pin which does not have PWM capability.

Digital pin 6

Digital pin 4

Digital pin 3

Digital pin 5

The Arduino Uno has a total of 6 digital pins (0-5) that have PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) capability, which allows for analog output. Digital pin 4 is not one of these pins, so it does not have PWM capability.

Explanation

The Arduino Uno has a total of 6 digital pins (0-5) that have PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) capability, which allows for analog output. Digital pin 4 is not one of these pins, so it does not have PWM capability.

44. Identify the correct variable declaration.

Int my Variable;

Int my_Variable;

Int my#Variable;

Int 9myVariable;

The correct variable declaration is "Int my_Variable;". In programming, variables are typically declared using a combination of letters, numbers, and underscores, but they cannot start with a number or contain special characters like hashtags. Therefore, options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect. Option 2, "Int my_Variable;", follows the correct naming convention and is a valid variable declaration.

Explanation

The correct variable declaration is "Int my_Variable;". In programming, variables are typically declared using a combination of letters, numbers, and underscores, but they cannot start with a number or contain special characters like hashtags. Therefore, options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect. Option 2, "Int my_Variable;", follows the correct naming convention and is a valid variable declaration.

45. What is the size of ADC in Arduino Uno?

8 bit

10 bit

12 bit

16 bit

The ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) in Arduino Uno has a size of 10 bits. This means that it can convert an analog input voltage into a digital value ranging from 0 to 1023. The higher the number of bits, the higher the resolution of the ADC, allowing for more precise measurements of analog signals.

Explanation

The ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) in Arduino Uno has a size of 10 bits. This means that it can convert an analog input voltage into a digital value ranging from 0 to 1023. The higher the number of bits, the higher the resolution of the ADC, allowing for more precise measurements of analog signals.

46. What is the correct syntax to initialize serial communication?

Serial.begin()

Serial.begun(9600)

Serial.begin(9600)

Serial.initialize(9600)

The correct syntax to initialize serial communication is "Serial.begin(9600)". This function is used to set the data rate in bits per second (baud rate) for serial data transmission. In this case, the baud rate is set to 9600.

Explanation

The correct syntax to initialize serial communication is "Serial.begin(9600)". This function is used to set the data rate in bits per second (baud rate) for serial data transmission. In this case, the baud rate is set to 9600.

47. In which language the Arduino IDE is written?

Java

C

C++

PHP

The Arduino IDE is written in Java. Java is a popular programming language known for its platform independence, making it suitable for developing software that can run on different operating systems. The Arduino IDE is designed to provide a user-friendly interface for programming Arduino boards, and Java allows for the creation of a cross-platform application that can be used on Windows, Mac, and Linux.

Explanation

The Arduino IDE is written in Java. Java is a popular programming language known for its platform independence, making it suitable for developing software that can run on different operating systems. The Arduino IDE is designed to provide a user-friendly interface for programming Arduino boards, and Java allows for the creation of a cross-platform application that can be used on Windows, Mac, and Linux.

48. Which loop executes the instructions in loop atleast once?

While loop

Do while loop

For loop

If loop

The do-while loop is the only loop that guarantees the execution of its instructions at least once. This is because the condition is checked at the end of the loop, so even if the condition is initially false, the instructions will still be executed once before the condition is evaluated. In contrast, the other loops (while loop and for loop) check the condition before executing the instructions, so if the condition is initially false, the instructions will not be executed at all. The if loop is not a loop, but a conditional statement used for decision-making.

Explanation

The do-while loop is the only loop that guarantees the execution of its instructions at least once. This is because the condition is checked at the end of the loop, so even if the condition is initially false, the instructions will still be executed once before the condition is evaluated. In contrast, the other loops (while loop and for loop) check the condition before executing the instructions, so if the condition is initially false, the instructions will not be executed at all. The if loop is not a loop, but a conditional statement used for decision-making.

49. What does the following declaration mean? int (*ptr)[10];

Ptr is array of pointers to 10 integers

Ptr is a pointer to an array of 10 integers

Ptr is an array of 10 integers

Ptr is an pointer to array

The declaration "int (*ptr)[10];" means that ptr is a pointer to an array of 10 integers. The parentheses around *ptr indicate that ptr is a pointer, and the [10] indicates that it is a pointer to an array of size 10.

Explanation

The declaration "int (*ptr)[10];" means that ptr is a pointer to an array of 10 integers. The parentheses around *ptr indicate that ptr is a pointer, and the [10] indicates that it is a pointer to an array of size 10.

50. Identify the SPI pins in Arduino.

7,8 & 9

8,9 & 10

10,11 & 12

11,12 & 13

The SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) pins in Arduino are used for communication with other devices. The correct answer is 11, 12, and 13 because these pins (MOSI, MISO, and SCK) are specifically designated for SPI communication. MOSI (Master Out Slave In) is used for data transmission from the Arduino to the peripheral device, MISO (Master In Slave Out) is used for data transmission from the peripheral device to the Arduino, and SCK (Serial Clock) is used for synchronizing the data transfer between the Arduino and the peripheral device.

Explanation

The SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) pins in Arduino are used for communication with other devices. The correct answer is 11, 12, and 13 because these pins (MOSI, MISO, and SCK) are specifically designated for SPI communication. MOSI (Master Out Slave In) is used for data transmission from the Arduino to the peripheral device, MISO (Master In Slave Out) is used for data transmission from the peripheral device to the Arduino, and SCK (Serial Clock) is used for synchronizing the data transfer between the Arduino and the peripheral device.

51. In Arduino, the function 'pinMode( )' can be used to configure the Atmega pins as

OUTPUT_PULLDOWN

INPUT_PULLUP

INPUT_PULLDOWN

None

The correct answer is INPUT_PULLUP because the pinMode() function in Arduino is used to configure the Atmega pins as either inputs or outputs. The INPUT_PULLUP option specifically configures the pin as an input with a pull-up resistor enabled. This means that when the pin is not connected to anything, it will be pulled high by the internal resistor, and when it is connected to ground, it will be pulled low. This is useful for reading digital inputs that are connected to switches or buttons.

Explanation

The correct answer is INPUT_PULLUP because the pinMode() function in Arduino is used to configure the Atmega pins as either inputs or outputs. The INPUT_PULLUP option specifically configures the pin as an input with a pull-up resistor enabled. This means that when the pin is not connected to anything, it will be pulled high by the internal resistor, and when it is connected to ground, it will be pulled low. This is useful for reading digital inputs that are connected to switches or buttons.

52. Identify the Invalid ‘If conditional statement'.

If (variable > 50)

If (variable = 50)

If (variable < 50)

If (variable != 50)

The given statement "If (variable = 50)" is an invalid 'If conditional statement' because it uses the assignment operator (=) instead of the equality operator (==) to compare the value of the variable to 50. In conditional statements, the equality operator is used to check if two values are equal, while the assignment operator is used to assign a value to a variable. Therefore, the correct way to write the statement would be "If (variable == 50)".

Explanation

The given statement "If (variable = 50)" is an invalid 'If conditional statement' because it uses the assignment operator (=) instead of the equality operator (==) to compare the value of the variable to 50. In conditional statements, the equality operator is used to check if two values are equal, while the assignment operator is used to assign a value to a variable. Therefore, the correct way to write the statement would be "If (variable == 50)".

53. Arduino platform is based on which micro-controller's family?

8051 microcontroller family

AVR microcontroller family

PIC microcontroller family

All

The correct answer is AVR microcontroller family. The Arduino platform is built on the AVR microcontroller family, which includes microcontrollers like the ATmega328P. These microcontrollers are known for their simplicity, low power consumption, and ease of programming. The Arduino IDE provides a simplified programming environment specifically designed for AVR microcontrollers, making it accessible for beginners and hobbyists to create projects using the Arduino platform.

Explanation

The correct answer is AVR microcontroller family. The Arduino platform is built on the AVR microcontroller family, which includes microcontrollers like the ATmega328P. These microcontrollers are known for their simplicity, low power consumption, and ease of programming. The Arduino IDE provides a simplified programming environment specifically designed for AVR microcontrollers, making it accessible for beginners and hobbyists to create projects using the Arduino platform.

54. The ability to alter the order in which code is executed is called_____.

Flow control

Program control

Direction Control

None

Flow control refers to the ability to change the order in which code is executed. It allows the programmer to determine the sequence of instructions and control the flow of the program. This can be achieved through the use of conditional statements, loops, and other control structures that determine the path the program takes based on certain conditions or criteria. Flow control is an essential concept in programming as it allows for the creation of dynamic and interactive programs.

Explanation

Flow control refers to the ability to change the order in which code is executed. It allows the programmer to determine the sequence of instructions and control the flow of the program. This can be achieved through the use of conditional statements, loops, and other control structures that determine the path the program takes based on certain conditions or criteria. Flow control is an essential concept in programming as it allows for the creation of dynamic and interactive programs.

55. Which of the following is not an analog function?

AnalogRead()

AnalogReference()

AnalogValue()

AnalogWrite()

The function AnalogValue() is not an analog function because it is not a standard function in Arduino. The correct analog functions in Arduino are AnalogRead(), AnalogReference(), and AnalogWrite(). AnalogValue() does not exist in the Arduino library, so it cannot be considered an analog function.

Explanation

The function AnalogValue() is not an analog function because it is not a standard function in Arduino. The correct analog functions in Arduino are AnalogRead(), AnalogReference(), and AnalogWrite(). AnalogValue() does not exist in the Arduino library, so it cannot be considered an analog function.

56. Functions are created by first declaring the ________ at the beginning of the program.

Function name

Function prototype

Function parameters

Function address

In order to create functions, it is necessary to declare the function prototype at the beginning of the program. The function prototype includes the function name, return type, and the number and types of parameters the function accepts. This declaration allows the compiler to understand the structure and signature of the function before it is actually defined. By declaring the function prototype, the program can call the function and the compiler will know what to expect in terms of input and output.

Explanation

In order to create functions, it is necessary to declare the function prototype at the beginning of the program. The function prototype includes the function name, return type, and the number and types of parameters the function accepts. This declaration allows the compiler to understand the structure and signature of the function before it is actually defined. By declaring the function prototype, the program can call the function and the compiler will know what to expect in terms of input and output.

57. Conventional flow assumes charges flow from

Positive to Negative

Negative to Positive

Negative to Negative

Positive to Positive

Conventional flow assumes that charges flow from the positive terminal of a source to the negative terminal. This is based on the historical understanding of electricity, where the direction of current flow was initially thought to be from positive to negative. While we now know that electrons actually flow in the opposite direction, conventional flow is still used as a standard convention in electrical engineering and circuit analysis.

Explanation

Conventional flow assumes that charges flow from the positive terminal of a source to the negative terminal. This is based on the historical understanding of electricity, where the direction of current flow was initially thought to be from positive to negative. While we now know that electrons actually flow in the opposite direction, conventional flow is still used as a standard convention in electrical engineering and circuit analysis.

58. Arduino (Atmega) pins are in high impedance state when pins are configured as

INPUT

OUTPUT

INPUT_PULLUP

None

When Arduino (Atmega) pins are configured as INPUT, OUTPUT, or INPUT_PULLUP, they are in a high impedance state. This means that the pins are not actively driving the signal and are therefore not affecting the circuit. In this state, the pins can be easily influenced by external signals or devices connected to them. This is useful in situations where the Arduino needs to receive or read data from external devices without interfering with their operation.

Explanation

When Arduino (Atmega) pins are configured as INPUT, OUTPUT, or INPUT_PULLUP, they are in a high impedance state. This means that the pins are not actively driving the signal and are therefore not affecting the circuit. In this state, the pins can be easily influenced by external signals or devices connected to them. This is useful in situations where the Arduino needs to receive or read data from external devices without interfering with their operation.

59. Which of the following operator has the highest precedence?

Addition (+)

Logical AND (&&)

Assignment operator (=)

Increment/ decrement (++,- -)

The increment and decrement operators (++ and - -) have the highest precedence among the given operators. This means that they are evaluated first before any other operators in an expression. These operators are used to increase or decrease the value of a variable by 1.

Explanation

The increment and decrement operators (++ and - -) have the highest precedence among the given operators. This means that they are evaluated first before any other operators in an expression. These operators are used to increase or decrease the value of a variable by 1.

60. Which function does not return any value when it is called by any other function?

DigitalRead()

AnalogRead()

Serial.Read()

Serial.println()

Serial.println() does not return any value when it is called by any other function. This function is used to print data to the serial port for debugging or communication purposes. It sends the data as a series of bytes, but it does not provide any feedback or return any value back to the calling function.

Explanation

Serial.println() does not return any value when it is called by any other function. This function is used to print data to the serial port for debugging or communication purposes. It sends the data as a series of bytes, but it does not provide any feedback or return any value back to the calling function.

61. Which of the following is a version of the Arduino?

Fre

Galileo

Zeros

Leaves

Galileo is a version of the Arduino. Arduino Galileo is an open-source development board designed for building digital devices and interactive objects. It is based on Intel's Quark SoC X1000 application processor and is compatible with the Arduino software and shields. Galileo offers a wide range of features and capabilities, making it a popular choice for various projects and applications.

Explanation

Galileo is a version of the Arduino. Arduino Galileo is an open-source development board designed for building digital devices and interactive objects. It is based on Intel's Quark SoC X1000 application processor and is compatible with the Arduino software and shields. Galileo offers a wide range of features and capabilities, making it a popular choice for various projects and applications.

62. A resistor with Color bands: red -red- red gold has the value

22k with 5% tolerance

2k2 with 5% tolerance

220R with 5% tolernce

22R with 5% tolerance

The resistor with color bands red-red-red-gold has the value of 2k2 with 5% tolerance. The color bands on a resistor indicate its resistance value and tolerance. In this case, the red-red-red bands represent the digits 2, 2, and a multiplier of 100 (red = 2, red = 2, red = 100). Therefore, the value of the resistor is 2,200 ohms or 2k2. The gold band indicates a tolerance of 5%, meaning that the actual resistance can vary by 5% from the stated value of 2k2.

Explanation

The resistor with color bands red-red-red-gold has the value of 2k2 with 5% tolerance. The color bands on a resistor indicate its resistance value and tolerance. In this case, the red-red-red bands represent the digits 2, 2, and a multiplier of 100 (red = 2, red = 2, red = 100). Therefore, the value of the resistor is 2,200 ohms or 2k2. The gold band indicates a tolerance of 5%, meaning that the actual resistance can vary by 5% from the stated value of 2k2.

63. An Arduino’s microcontroller is pre-programmed with a _______ that simplifies uploading of programs to the on-chip flash memory, compared with other devices that typically need an external chip programmer

Personal computer

Bootloader

Computer

Operating system

A bootloader is a program that is pre-programmed onto an Arduino's microcontroller. It simplifies the process of uploading programs to the on-chip flash memory of the Arduino. This is in contrast to other devices that usually require an external chip programmer to upload programs. The bootloader allows for convenient and easy programming of the Arduino using a personal computer without the need for additional hardware.

Explanation

A bootloader is a program that is pre-programmed onto an Arduino's microcontroller. It simplifies the process of uploading programs to the on-chip flash memory of the Arduino. This is in contrast to other devices that usually require an external chip programmer to upload programs. The bootloader allows for convenient and easy programming of the Arduino using a personal computer without the need for additional hardware.

64. What is the maximum decimal value that can be stored in an integer variable in Aurduino?

255

1024

4096

65535

The maximum decimal value that can be stored in an integer variable in Arduino is 65535. This is because Arduino uses a 16-bit unsigned integer data type (uint16_t), which can store values ranging from 0 to 65535.

Explanation

The maximum decimal value that can be stored in an integer variable in Arduino is 65535. This is because Arduino uses a 16-bit unsigned integer data type (uint16_t), which can store values ranging from 0 to 65535.

65. If the microcontroller has 12bit ADC what is the range of analog values we can get?

0 to 1023

0 to 255

0 to 4096

0 to 65535

The range of analog values that can be obtained from a microcontroller with a 12-bit ADC is 0 to 4096. This is because a 12-bit ADC can represent 2^12 (4096) different values, ranging from 0 to 4095. The value 0 is included in the range, while 4096 is not included as it is one value higher than the maximum value that can be represented by a 12-bit ADC.

Explanation

The range of analog values that can be obtained from a microcontroller with a 12-bit ADC is 0 to 4096. This is because a 12-bit ADC can represent 2^12 (4096) different values, ranging from 0 to 4095. The value 0 is included in the range, while 4096 is not included as it is one value higher than the maximum value that can be represented by a 12-bit ADC.

66. Which of these is a digital input device?

Pressure sensor

Servo

Button

Potentiometer

A button is a digital input device because it can only have two states: pressed or not pressed. It sends a digital signal to a device or computer when it is pressed, indicating a specific action or command. Unlike analog input devices, such as a potentiometer or pressure sensor, which can have a range of values, a button provides a discrete input that is either on or off.

Explanation

A button is a digital input device because it can only have two states: pressed or not pressed. It sends a digital signal to a device or computer when it is pressed, indicating a specific action or command. Unlike analog input devices, such as a potentiometer or pressure sensor, which can have a range of values, a button provides a discrete input that is either on or off.

67. Which logical operator will return a TRUE value if either of the conditional statements are TRUE?

Logical and (&&)

Logical or (||)

Logical NOT (!)

None

The logical operator "Logical or (||)" will return a TRUE value if either of the conditional statements are TRUE. This means that if at least one of the conditions is true, the result of the logical OR operation will be true.

Explanation

The logical operator "Logical or (||)" will return a TRUE value if either of the conditional statements are TRUE. This means that if at least one of the conditions is true, the result of the logical OR operation will be true.

68. Which of these pins can be used to adjust the voltage between 0V & 5V when configured as an OUTPUT?

2

7

9

12

Pin 9 can be used to adjust the voltage between 0V and 5V when configured as an OUTPUT. This is because pin 9 on many microcontrollers, such as the Arduino, is a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) pin. PWM allows for the generation of analog signals by rapidly switching the pin on and off at different duty cycles. By varying the duty cycle, the average voltage output can be adjusted between 0V and 5V, thus allowing for voltage adjustment within that range.

Explanation

Pin 9 can be used to adjust the voltage between 0V and 5V when configured as an OUTPUT. This is because pin 9 on many microcontrollers, such as the Arduino, is a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) pin. PWM allows for the generation of analog signals by rapidly switching the pin on and off at different duty cycles. By varying the duty cycle, the average voltage output can be adjusted between 0V and 5V, thus allowing for voltage adjustment within that range.

69. What will happen if in a C program you assign a value to an array element whose subscript exceeds the size of array?

The element will be set to 0.

The compiler would report an error

The program may crash if some important data gets overwritten.

The array size would appropriately grow.

If a value is assigned to an array element whose subscript exceeds the size of the array, it means that the program is accessing memory outside the bounds of the array. This can lead to overwriting important data that is stored in adjacent memory locations. As a result, the program may crash or produce unexpected behavior.

Explanation

If a value is assigned to an array element whose subscript exceeds the size of the array, it means that the program is accessing memory outside the bounds of the array. This can lead to overwriting important data that is stored in adjacent memory locations. As a result, the program may crash or produce unexpected behavior.

70. If the reference voltage is 3.3V for ADC in Arduino then the step size is

4.88mV

0.97mV

5mV

3.22mV

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

71. Which of the following is not a valid data type in Arduino?

Void

Short

Word

String

The data type "Short" is not a valid data type in Arduino. Arduino supports various data types such as "Void" (used for functions that do not return a value), "Word" (unsigned 16-bit integer), and "String" (a sequence of characters). However, "Short" is not a recognized data type in Arduino.

Explanation

The data type "Short" is not a valid data type in Arduino. Arduino supports various data types such as "Void" (used for functions that do not return a value), "Word" (unsigned 16-bit integer), and "String" (a sequence of characters). However, "Short" is not a recognized data type in Arduino.

72. Property of an electric circuit that dissipates electric energy

Reactance

Impedance

Resistance

Conductance

Resistance is the property of an electric circuit that dissipates electric energy. It is a measure of how much a material or component opposes the flow of electric current. When current flows through a resistor, energy is converted into heat and dissipated. The higher the resistance, the more energy is dissipated. Reactance, impedance, and conductance are also properties of electric circuits, but they do not specifically refer to the dissipation of energy.

Explanation

Resistance is the property of an electric circuit that dissipates electric energy. It is a measure of how much a material or component opposes the flow of electric current. When current flows through a resistor, energy is converted into heat and dissipated. The higher the resistance, the more energy is dissipated. Reactance, impedance, and conductance are also properties of electric circuits, but they do not specifically refer to the dissipation of energy.

73. Arduino IDE is derived from _________.

Wiring & Python

Wiring & Processing

Wiring & Java

Wiring & PHP

The correct answer is Wiring & Processing. Arduino IDE is derived from the Wiring programming language and the Processing development environment. Wiring is a programming language and framework specifically designed for microcontrollers, while Processing is a programming language and integrated development environment (IDE) primarily used for visual arts and design. The combination of these two technologies forms the foundation of the Arduino IDE, providing a user-friendly platform for programming and interacting with Arduino boards.

Explanation

The correct answer is Wiring & Processing. Arduino IDE is derived from the Wiring programming language and the Processing development environment. Wiring is a programming language and framework specifically designed for microcontrollers, while Processing is a programming language and integrated development environment (IDE) primarily used for visual arts and design. The combination of these two technologies forms the foundation of the Arduino IDE, providing a user-friendly platform for programming and interacting with Arduino boards.

74. Consider the looping statement 'for(int i=0; i < 10; i =i * 2)' while assuming the body of the loop does not break the loop or change i, how many times would the body of the loop be exucuted?

Infinite

10

5

0

The loop will be executed infinitely because the value of i is always multiplied by 2 in each iteration. Since i starts at 0 and is multiplied by 2 each time, it will never reach a value greater than or equal to 10, causing the loop to continue indefinitely.

Explanation

The loop will be executed infinitely because the value of i is always multiplied by 2 in each iteration. Since i starts at 0 and is multiplied by 2 each time, it will never reach a value greater than or equal to 10, causing the loop to continue indefinitely.

75. In Arduino programming which function executes infinitely after power up?

Setup()

Loop()

Main()

None

The correct answer is "Loop()". In Arduino programming, the setup() function is executed once after power up to initialize variables and set pin modes. The loop() function is then executed repeatedly in an infinite loop, allowing the Arduino to continuously perform tasks or read inputs. The main() function is not used in Arduino programming as it is a C++ function that is automatically handled by the Arduino IDE. Therefore, the loop() function is the one that executes infinitely after power up in Arduino programming.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Loop()". In Arduino programming, the setup() function is executed once after power up to initialize variables and set pin modes. The loop() function is then executed repeatedly in an infinite loop, allowing the Arduino to continuously perform tasks or read inputs. The main() function is not used in Arduino programming as it is a C++ function that is automatically handled by the Arduino IDE. Therefore, the loop() function is the one that executes infinitely after power up in Arduino programming.

76. Which mathematical formula can be used to convert analog values into corresponding voltage values?

(5V * 1023) / (SensorValue)

(SensorValue) * (5V / 1023)

(1023 / 5V) * (SensorValue)

(SensorValue) / (5V * 1023)

The correct answer is (SensorValue) * (5V / 1023). This formula can be used to convert analog values into corresponding voltage values. It multiplies the sensor value by the ratio of 5V to 1023, which represents the maximum value of the analog input. This calculation scales the analog value to the corresponding voltage range.

Explanation

The correct answer is (SensorValue) * (5V / 1023). This formula can be used to convert analog values into corresponding voltage values. It multiplies the sensor value by the ratio of 5V to 1023, which represents the maximum value of the analog input. This calculation scales the analog value to the corresponding voltage range.

77. Arduino (Atmega) Pins are in low impedance state when pins are configured as

INPUT

OUTPUT

OUTPUT_PULLUP

All

When Arduino (Atmega) pins are configured as OUTPUT, they are set to a low impedance state. This means that the pins can actively drive the connected circuitry with a strong current, allowing them to control external devices such as LEDs, motors, or sensors. In this state, the pins can provide a voltage output or sink current, depending on the logic level set by the program. Therefore, when pins are set as OUTPUT, they are capable of actively driving the connected circuitry.

Explanation

When Arduino (Atmega) pins are configured as OUTPUT, they are set to a low impedance state. This means that the pins can actively drive the connected circuitry with a strong current, allowing them to control external devices such as LEDs, motors, or sensors. In this state, the pins can provide a voltage output or sink current, depending on the logic level set by the program. Therefore, when pins are set as OUTPUT, they are capable of actively driving the connected circuitry.

78. If the reference voltage is 5V for ADC in Arduino then the step size is

4.88mV

0.97mV

5mV

3.22mV

The step size of an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) determines the smallest increment in voltage that can be detected and converted to a digital value. In this case, if the reference voltage for the ADC in Arduino is 5V, the step size would be 4.88mV. This means that the ADC can detect and convert voltage changes as small as 4.88mV into digital values.

Explanation

The step size of an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) determines the smallest increment in voltage that can be detected and converted to a digital value. In this case, if the reference voltage for the ADC in Arduino is 5V, the step size would be 4.88mV. This means that the ADC can detect and convert voltage changes as small as 4.88mV into digital values.

79. The use of function pinMode() is not required to set pin as an output pin before calling ___________.

AnalogRead()

DigitalWrite()

Analogreference()

AnalogWrite()

The use of function pinMode() is not required to set pin as an output pin before calling AnalogWrite(). AnalogWrite() is used to write an analog value (PWM signal) to a specified pin, regardless of whether the pin is set as an output or not. This function is commonly used to control the brightness of an LED or the speed of a motor. However, for other functions like AnalogRead() and DigitalWrite(), it is necessary to set the pin as an input or output respectively using pinMode() before calling the function.

Explanation

The use of function pinMode() is not required to set pin as an output pin before calling AnalogWrite(). AnalogWrite() is used to write an analog value (PWM signal) to a specified pin, regardless of whether the pin is set as an output or not. This function is commonly used to control the brightness of an LED or the speed of a motor. However, for other functions like AnalogRead() and DigitalWrite(), it is necessary to set the pin as an input or output respectively using pinMode() before calling the function.

80. What is the size of RAM in Atmega8 IC?

256Bytes

512Bytes

1KBytes

2KBytes

The size of RAM in Atmega8 IC is 1KBytes. This means that the microcontroller has a random-access memory capacity of 1 kilobyte, which is used for temporary storage of data during program execution.

Explanation

The size of RAM in Atmega8 IC is 1KBytes. This means that the microcontroller has a random-access memory capacity of 1 kilobyte, which is used for temporary storage of data during program execution.

81. Which of these is an output device?

Pressure sensor

Servo

Button

Potentiometer

A servo is an output device because it is used to control the movement of mechanical components, such as motors or actuators. It receives signals from a control system and converts them into precise movements, making it an essential component in various devices like robots, RC cars, and drones. Unlike the other options listed, a servo is specifically designed to produce an output action or movement, making it the correct answer.

Explanation

A servo is an output device because it is used to control the movement of mechanical components, such as motors or actuators. It receives signals from a control system and converts them into precise movements, making it an essential component in various devices like robots, RC cars, and drones. Unlike the other options listed, a servo is specifically designed to produce an output action or movement, making it the correct answer.

82. How many times the "ElintLabz" is printed? void setup(){ Serial.print(ElintLabz);}

1

2

3

None

The code provided in the question does not contain any instance of the string "ElintLabz" being printed. Therefore, the correct answer is "None".

Explanation

The code provided in the question does not contain any instance of the string "ElintLabz" being printed. Therefore, the correct answer is "None".

83. Which controller can be used with Arduino Uno Board?

Atmega 8

Atmega 1280

Atmega 328p

Both Atmega 8 & 328p

The correct answer is Both Atmega 8 & 328p. Both Atmega 8 and Atmega 328p can be used as controllers with the Arduino Uno Board. The Arduino Uno Board is compatible with various microcontrollers, and Atmega 8 and Atmega 328p are two of the options that can be used.

Explanation

The correct answer is Both Atmega 8 & 328p. Both Atmega 8 and Atmega 328p can be used as controllers with the Arduino Uno Board. The Arduino Uno Board is compatible with various microcontrollers, and Atmega 8 and Atmega 328p are two of the options that can be used.

84. If serial port is initialized with Serial.begin(9600), How much time will it take to send two ASCII characters?

1.9220ms

1.667ms

4.800ms

9.600ms

The time it takes to send two ASCII characters depends on the baud rate set during initialization. In this case, the baud rate is set to 9600. Each ASCII character is 8 bits, so the total number of bits to be sent is 16. The time taken to send these bits can be calculated using the formula: time = (number of bits) / (baud rate). Therefore, the time taken to send two ASCII characters at a baud rate of 9600 is 16 / 9600 = 1.667ms.

Explanation

The time it takes to send two ASCII characters depends on the baud rate set during initialization. In this case, the baud rate is set to 9600. Each ASCII character is 8 bits, so the total number of bits to be sent is 16. The time taken to send these bits can be calculated using the formula: time = (number of bits) / (baud rate). Therefore, the time taken to send two ASCII characters at a baud rate of 9600 is 16 / 9600 = 1.667ms.

85. How many GND pin are present on the Arduino UNO board?

1

2

3

4

The Arduino UNO board has three GND (Ground) pins. These pins are used to provide a common reference voltage for the components connected to the board. Having multiple GND pins allows for better grounding and reduces the chances of noise or interference in the circuit.

Explanation

The Arduino UNO board has three GND (Ground) pins. These pins are used to provide a common reference voltage for the components connected to the board. Having multiple GND pins allows for better grounding and reduces the chances of noise or interference in the circuit.

86. What is the maximum decimal value that can be stored in a character type variable in Arduino?

255

1024

4096

65535

The maximum decimal value that can be stored in a character type variable in Arduino is 255. This is because a character type variable in Arduino uses 8 bits of memory, allowing it to store values ranging from 0 to 255.

Explanation

The maximum decimal value that can be stored in a character type variable in Arduino is 255. This is because a character type variable in Arduino uses 8 bits of memory, allowing it to store values ranging from 0 to 255.

87. Transistor is a ________.

Current controlled current device

Current controlled voltage device

Voltage controlled current device

Voltage Controlled voltage device

A transistor is a current controlled current device because it uses a small current to control a larger current flowing through it. The input current controls the output current, allowing for amplification and switching functions.

Explanation

A transistor is a current controlled current device because it uses a small current to control a larger current flowing through it. The input current controls the output current, allowing for amplification and switching functions.

88. How many times 'while (-1)' loop will be executed?

1 time

Infinite time

0 time

None

The given answer is "Infinite time" because the condition of the while loop (-1) will always be true. Therefore, the loop will continue to execute indefinitely until it is manually terminated.

Explanation

The given answer is "Infinite time" because the condition of the while loop (-1) will always be true. Therefore, the loop will continue to execute indefinitely until it is manually terminated.

89. What is Arduino?

Open source prototyping platform based on AVR Microcontrollers.

Not open source platform.

Open source platform based on ARM Microcontrollers.

Open source prototyping platform based on both AVR Microcontrollers and ARM Microcontrollers

Arduino is an open source prototyping platform that is based on AVR Microcontrollers. This means that it is a platform that allows users to create and develop their own electronic projects using AVR Microcontrollers. It is not a closed source platform, and it is specifically designed for prototyping purposes. It is important to note that Arduino is not based on ARM Microcontrollers, as the correct answer states.

Explanation

Arduino is an open source prototyping platform that is based on AVR Microcontrollers. This means that it is a platform that allows users to create and develop their own electronic projects using AVR Microcontrollers. It is not a closed source platform, and it is specifically designed for prototyping purposes. It is important to note that Arduino is not based on ARM Microcontrollers, as the correct answer states.

90. In which of the following the cases the code stops running?

When there is syntax error

When the power is down

When USB Connection is removed

None

The code stops running when the power is down because without power, the device running the code cannot function. Power is necessary to provide the necessary energy for the device to execute the instructions in the code. Without power, the device will be unable to continue running the code and will shut down.

Explanation

The code stops running when the power is down because without power, the device running the code cannot function. Power is necessary to provide the necessary energy for the device to execute the instructions in the code. Without power, the device will be unable to continue running the code and will shut down.

91. What voltage level should be applied to the RESET pin in order to reset the AVR microcomtroller?

5V

0V

3.3V

5V or 3.3V

The RESET pin of an AVR microcontroller should be held at a voltage level of 0V in order to reset the microcontroller. When the RESET pin is pulled low, it triggers a reset condition, causing the microcontroller to restart its program execution from the beginning.

Explanation

The RESET pin of an AVR microcontroller should be held at a voltage level of 0V in order to reset the microcontroller. When the RESET pin is pulled low, it triggers a reset condition, causing the microcontroller to restart its program execution from the beginning.

92. Which of the following is not a version of the Arduino?

Tre

Galileo

Zero

Leonard

Leonard is not a version of the Arduino. The other options, Tre, Galileo, and Zero, are all versions of the Arduino.

Explanation

Leonard is not a version of the Arduino. The other options, Tre, Galileo, and Zero, are all versions of the Arduino.

93. In Arduino the function 'pinMode()' cannot be used to configure the Atmega pins as

OUTPUT_PULLDOWN

INPUT_PULLUP

INPUT_PULLDOWN

None

The function 'pinMode()' in Arduino can be used to configure the Atmega pins as OUTPUT, INPUT, or INPUT_PULLUP. However, it does not have an option to configure the pins as OUTPUT_PULLDOWN. Therefore, the correct answer is OUTPUT_PULLDOWN.

Explanation

The function 'pinMode()' in Arduino can be used to configure the Atmega pins as OUTPUT, INPUT, or INPUT_PULLUP. However, it does not have an option to configure the pins as OUTPUT_PULLDOWN. Therefore, the correct answer is OUTPUT_PULLDOWN.

94. Which logical operator can be used to simulate Two way switch?

Logical AND (&&)

Logical OR (||)

Logical NOT ( ! )

Logical XOR ( ^ )

The logical XOR operator (^) can be used to simulate a two-way switch because it returns true if and only if one of the two operands is true. In the context of a two-way switch, the XOR operator can represent the different states of the switch: on or off. If one of the operands is true, it means that the switch is in that state, while if both operands are true or false, it means that the switch is in the opposite state. Therefore, the XOR operator is the most suitable choice to simulate a two-way switch.

Explanation

The logical XOR operator (^) can be used to simulate a two-way switch because it returns true if and only if one of the two operands is true. In the context of a two-way switch, the XOR operator can represent the different states of the switch: on or off. If one of the operands is true, it means that the switch is in that state, while if both operands are true or false, it means that the switch is in the opposite state. Therefore, the XOR operator is the most suitable choice to simulate a two-way switch.

95. How many serial ports are available on the Arduino Uno Board?

1

2

3

4

The Arduino Uno Board has only one serial port available.

Explanation

The Arduino Uno Board has only one serial port available.

96. In Arduino if 1 second delay is required in a program then which function can be used?

Delay(1)

DelayMilliseconds(1000)

DelayMicroseconds(100000)

None

The correct answer is "None" because if a 1 second delay is required in an Arduino program, none of the provided functions can be used. The "Delay(1)" function would only provide a 1 millisecond delay, "DelayMilliseconds(1000)" would provide a 1000 millisecond (1 second) delay, and "DelayMicroseconds(100000)" would provide a 100000 microsecond (0.1 second) delay. Therefore, none of these functions can fulfill the requirement of a 1 second delay.

Explanation

The correct answer is "None" because if a 1 second delay is required in an Arduino program, none of the provided functions can be used. The "Delay(1)" function would only provide a 1 millisecond delay, "DelayMilliseconds(1000)" would provide a 1000 millisecond (1 second) delay, and "DelayMicroseconds(100000)" would provide a 100000 microsecond (0.1 second) delay. Therefore, none of these functions can fulfill the requirement of a 1 second delay.

97. In Arduino programming which function executes only once after power up?

Userdefined()

Loop()

Main()

None

The correct answer is Main(). In Arduino programming, the Main() function is executed only once after power up. This function is responsible for initializing the Arduino board, setting up the necessary configurations, and then calling the setup() and loop() functions. Once the Main() function is executed, it hands over control to the setup() function, which is executed once, followed by the loop() function, which is executed repeatedly in a loop.

Explanation

The correct answer is Main(). In Arduino programming, the Main() function is executed only once after power up. This function is responsible for initializing the Arduino board, setting up the necessary configurations, and then calling the setup() and loop() functions. Once the Main() function is executed, it hands over control to the setup() function, which is executed once, followed by the loop() function, which is executed repeatedly in a loop.

98. Which 'If conditional statement' will not execute in any program?

If (0)

If (-1)

Both If(0) & If(-1)

None

The 'If (0)' conditional statement will not execute in any program because the condition inside the if statement is false. In most programming languages, a value of 0 is considered as false, and the code block inside the if statement will not be executed.

Explanation

The 'If (0)' conditional statement will not execute in any program because the condition inside the if statement is false. In most programming languages, a value of 0 is considered as false, and the code block inside the if statement will not be executed.

99. What will be the output of this statement? Serial.println (i);

Prints i with '\n' & '\r'

Prints only i

Prints i with '\n'

Prints i with '\r'

The statement "Serial.println(i);" will print the value of variable i followed by a newline character ('\n') and a carriage return character ('\r'). This means that the output will display the value of i and then move the cursor to the beginning of the next line.

Explanation

The statement "Serial.println(i);" will print the value of variable i followed by a newline character ('\n') and a carriage return character ('\r'). This means that the output will display the value of i and then move the cursor to the beginning of the next line.

100. In Arduino UNO how many pins can be used as a digital input pins?

6

14

20

13

The Arduino UNO has a total of 20 pins that can be used as digital input pins. These pins can be configured to read digital signals and can be used to connect various sensors, buttons, or other digital devices to the Arduino board. The Arduino UNO has a total of 14 digital pins that can be used as both input and output, and an additional 6 analog pins that can also be used as digital input pins. Therefore, the correct answer is 20.

Explanation

The Arduino UNO has a total of 20 pins that can be used as digital input pins. These pins can be configured to read digital signals and can be used to connect various sensors, buttons, or other digital devices to the Arduino board. The Arduino UNO has a total of 14 digital pins that can be used as both input and output, and an additional 6 analog pins that can also be used as digital input pins. Therefore, the correct answer is 20.