Arch History 1302 Practice Exam
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Dieter Rams started what trend in modernism in his white, gray or black designd for Braun?
- A.
Humanistic design
- B.
Victorian design
- C.
Machines for machining
- D.
Black box design
Correct Answer
D. Black box designExplanation
Dieter Rams started the trend of black box design in modernism for Braun. This design approach involves using a minimalist and sleek aesthetic, with products predominantly in white, gray, or black colors. The term "black box" refers to the idea of creating simple and unobtrusive designs that focus on functionality and usability rather than unnecessary ornamentation. Rams' designs for Braun exemplified this concept, emphasizing clean lines, simplicity, and a user-centered approach.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Who thought "a house was a machine for living?"
- A.
Frank Lloyd Wright
- B.
Marcel Breuer
- C.
Garrit Rietveld
- D.
Le Corbusier
Correct Answer
D. Le CorbusierExplanation
Le Corbusier is the correct answer because he is famously known for his belief that a house is a machine for living. He believed in the concept of functionalism, where architecture should prioritize the needs of the occupants and provide efficient and comfortable living spaces. This idea influenced his designs, which often featured clean lines, open floor plans, and innovative use of materials. Le Corbusier's philosophy revolutionized modern architecture and his ideas continue to be influential in the field today.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What do merchants (like Edgar Kaufmann) link 'good design' to?
- A.
Critical acclaim
- B.
Taste
- C.
Sellable
- D.
Marketing
Correct Answer
C. SellableExplanation
Merchants like Edgar Kaufmann link 'good design' to being sellable. This means that they believe that a well-designed product has the potential to be attractive and appealing to customers, leading to increased sales and profitability. They prioritize the commercial viability of a product, considering factors such as market demand, consumer preferences, and the potential for success in the marketplace. By focusing on creating sellable designs, merchants aim to maximize their profits and ensure the success of their business.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What were the neo-classical (in the past) and modern (looking toward the future) architects seeking through their work?
- A.
Fine art sensibilities and refined tastes
- B.
Authority
- C.
coolness
- D.
Connectedness
Correct Answer
B. AuthorityExplanation
Neo-classical and modern architects were seeking authority through their work. This can be seen in their designs, which often aimed to convey a sense of power, control, and dominance. They used architectural elements and styles that were associated with authority, such as grandeur, symmetry, and monumental structures. By creating buildings that exuded authority, these architects sought to establish their own status and influence in society.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What's the problem with the term 'good design'?
- A.
You have to look into the past for it
- B.
Willingness to be opinionated
- C.
Tastes can't be considered moral
- D.
Connotation of moral authority
Correct Answer
D. Connotation of moral authorityExplanation
The term 'good design' has a problem with the connotation of moral authority. This means that the term implies that there is a moral judgment attached to what is considered good design, suggesting that there is a right or wrong way to design something. However, design is subjective and personal taste plays a significant role in determining what is considered good design. Therefore, the term 'good design' should not carry the connotation of moral authority as it is a matter of personal preference rather than a universally accepted standard.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Terence Riley and Edward Eigen equated 'good' with
- A.
The old
- B.
The new
- C.
The ornament
- D.
The functionality
Correct Answer
B. The newExplanation
Terence Riley and Edward Eigen equated 'good' with "the new" because they believed that in order for architecture to be considered good, it needed to embrace innovation and reflect the contemporary context. They believed that good architecture should not be limited to replicating past styles or designs, but should instead push boundaries and embrace new ideas and technologies. Therefore, they associated "good" with the concept of "the new".Rate this question:
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- 7.
Where was machine living NOT fully accepted?
- A.
United States and Britain
- B.
Western Europe and Scandanavia
- C.
Japan and China
- D.
Eastern Europe and Russia
Correct Answer
A. United States and BritainExplanation
Machine living was not fully accepted in the United States and Britain. This suggests that these two countries did not fully embrace the concept of machines being an integral part of daily life. It implies that there may have been resistance or skepticism towards the use of machines in these societies, possibly due to cultural or societal factors.Rate this question:
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- 8.
According to Hall, without a value system, how do we know what is "good" design?
- A.
Replace "good" with "useful"
- B.
replace "good" with "tasteful"
- C.
Replace "good" with "handmade"
- D.
See "good design" as an argument
Correct Answer
D. See "good design" as an argumentExplanation
The correct answer is to see "good design" as an argument. According to Hall, without a value system, we cannot determine what is "good" design. By seeing "good design" as an argument, it implies that determining what is "good" design involves considering different perspectives and arguments, rather than relying on a fixed set of criteria or values.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What are the three characteristics of design (according to Richard Buchanan
- A.
Logos
- B.
Prontos
- C.
Pathos
- D.
Santos
- E.
Ethos
Correct Answer(s)
A. Logos
C. Pathos
E. EthosExplanation
The three characteristics of design, according to Richard Buchanan, are logos, pathos, and ethos. Logos refers to the logical and rational aspects of design, focusing on functionality and problem-solving. Pathos relates to the emotional and experiential elements of design, aiming to evoke certain feelings and create a connection with the user. Ethos pertains to the ethical and moral dimension of design, considering the impact and responsibility of design on society and individuals. These three characteristics encompass different aspects of design, ensuring a holistic and well-rounded approach to creating meaningful and impactful designs.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Promoters of the Modern Movement think that machines should
- A.
Be covered with beautiful ornament.
- B.
Speak for themselves.
- C.
Live beyond their makers.
- D.
Cover up their insides.
Correct Answer
B. Speak for themselves.Explanation
The correct answer is "speak for themselves." Promoters of the Modern Movement believe that machines should be designed in a way that their functionality and aesthetics are self-explanatory. They should be able to convey their purpose and value without the need for additional ornamentation or decoration. This approach focuses on the idea that the design of a machine should be honest, transparent, and expressive of its intended function, rather than relying on superficial embellishments.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What are the three scales of engagement with space (from smallest to largest)?
- A.
Local, state, national
- B.
1/4"=1'-0", 1/2"=1'-0", 1"=1'-0"
- C.
Local, national, global
- D.
Human (individual) experience, social constructs and environmental factors
Correct Answer
D. Human (individual) experience, social constructs and environmental factors -
- 12.
The entire class is framed (presented through an idea of) the idea of...
- A.
Architectural Heroes
- B.
War time production methods
- C.
A Euro-centric bias
- D.
What "good" architecture is.
Correct Answer
D. What "good" architecture is.Explanation
The given options suggest different themes or ideas that the entire class is framed around. The correct answer, "What 'good' architecture is," implies that the class is centered around understanding and defining the characteristics and qualities that make architecture good or successful. This suggests that the class may focus on analyzing and evaluating architectural designs, principles, and criteria to determine what constitutes good architecture.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What characterized the 1700s?
- A.
Stability and resolve
- B.
Colonialism and unease
- C.
Same as the 1600s
- D.
Lais·sez-faire and contraction
Correct Answer
B. Colonialism and uneaseExplanation
The 1700s were characterized by colonialism and unease. This refers to the time period when European powers were expanding their empires through colonization and the establishment of colonies in various parts of the world. This led to conflicts and tensions between different nations and indigenous populations. Additionally, there was a sense of unease during this time due to social and political changes, including the Enlightenment movement and the American and French Revolutions.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The churches of St Paul and St Mary are from the differing design processes of
- A.
A process that references architectural history versus one that is looking towards grandeur and splendor.
- B.
A random collection of different styles versus a style that expressed political views.
- C.
that included a participatory design versus one made by a single architect.
- D.
A purposeful collection of styles versus a result of esoteric historic and philosophical meanings.
Correct Answer
D. A purposeful collection of styles versus a result of esoteric historic and philosophical meanings.Explanation
The correct answer suggests that the churches of St Paul and St Mary were intentionally designed to incorporate a variety of styles, with each style carrying its own historic and philosophical significance. This implies that the design process was purposeful and intended to convey deeper meanings through the combination of different architectural styles.Rate this question:
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- 15.
How did the Bakufu affect the city of Edo (now Tokyo)?
- A.
Created a city open to nature
- B.
Allowed the populace to mix more freely
- C.
Create divisions between each class
- D.
allowed more localized authority.
Correct Answer
C. Create divisions between each classExplanation
The Bakufu, or the military government of Japan, created divisions between each class in the city of Edo (now Tokyo). This means that the Bakufu implemented policies or systems that separated and distinguished the different social classes within the city. This could have included regulations on where people of different classes could live, what jobs they could have, or what privileges they were entitled to. These divisions would have had an impact on the social structure and dynamics of the city, potentially leading to inequality and limited social mobility.Rate this question:
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- 16.
In Korea the Pyoungsan Academy was built for what class of citizens?
- A.
Lower middle class
- B.
Poor
- C.
chongjas elite
- D.
Yangban elite
Correct Answer
D. Yangban eliteExplanation
The Pyoungsan Academy in Korea was built for the yangban elite class of citizens. The yangban were the highest social class in traditional Korean society, consisting of aristocrats, scholars, and government officials. The academy was established to provide education and training to the yangban elite, preparing them for positions of power and leadership in the government and society.Rate this question:
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- 17.
In general, an organizing spatial geometry of churches of the baroque period is a combination of
- A.
rectangles and intersections
- B.
corners and parallelism
- C.
Ellipses and ovals
- D.
Squares and triangles
Correct Answer
C. Ellipses and ovalsExplanation
During the baroque period, the organizing spatial geometry of churches often incorporated ellipses and ovals. These shapes were commonly used to create dynamic and visually pleasing architectural compositions. The use of ellipses and ovals allowed for a sense of movement and flow within the church space, as well as providing opportunities for dramatic lighting effects. This spatial arrangement was favored for its ability to create a sense of grandeur and theatricality, which were key characteristics of the baroque style.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Why did coffeehouses proliferate in Europe?
- A.
Changing diet and subsequent societal changes
- B.
Coffee had always been a part of cultures
- C.
The need for the genders to mingle
- D.
The desire for short chairs
Correct Answer
A. Changing diet and subsequent societal changesExplanation
Coffeehouses proliferated in Europe due to changing diet and subsequent societal changes. As Europeans started consuming more coffee, these establishments became popular gathering places for socializing and conducting business. The shift in diet and the rise of coffee consumption led to a demand for spaces where people could enjoy this new beverage and engage in discussions. Additionally, the emergence of coffeehouses coincided with societal changes, such as the Enlightenment period, which fostered intellectual exchange and the spread of new ideas. Therefore, coffeehouses became hubs for intellectual debates, networking, and socializing, making them a significant part of European culture.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The Palace at Versailles has a unique feature that there are
- A.
A sloped roof
- B.
No hallways
- C.
High ceilings
- D.
Two main entrances
Correct Answer
B. No hallwaysExplanation
The Palace at Versailles is known for its unique feature of not having any hallways. Instead, the rooms are interconnected, creating a continuous flow throughout the palace. This architectural design was intentional, as it allowed for a seamless transition between the different areas of the palace and facilitated the movement of the royal court and guests. The absence of hallways also contributed to the grandeur and spaciousness of the palace, as each room could be adorned with lavish decorations and furnishings without the need for narrow corridors.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Neo-Palladianism was generally associated with what political party in England?
- A.
Torey
- B.
Protestantism
- C.
Republican
- D.
Whig
Correct Answer
D. WhigExplanation
Neo-Palladianism was generally associated with the Whig political party in England. The Whigs were a political faction that emerged in the late 17th century and were known for their support of constitutional monarchy, limited government, and the preservation of individual liberties. Neo-Palladianism, a style of architecture that drew inspiration from classical Roman and Greek designs, was favored by the Whigs as it represented their ideals of order, reason, and enlightenment. This architectural style became popular during the 18th century and was often used to symbolize the Whig party's commitment to progress and intellectualism.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Why were colonial forts walls sloped?
- A.
To make burning oil flow better
- B.
To deflect canon and mortar shots
- C.
For reflecting the sun
- D.
Cheaper and more stable to build
Correct Answer
B. To deflect canon and mortar shotsExplanation
Colonial forts had sloped walls to deflect cannon and mortar shots. The sloping design helped to reduce the impact of incoming projectiles by causing them to ricochet off the walls instead of directly hitting them. This made it more difficult for enemy forces to breach the fortifications and provided better protection for those inside. Additionally, the sloped walls also made it harder for scaling ladders to be placed against them, further enhancing the defensive capabilities of the fort.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The Yuanmingyuan and Qingyi gardens used what landscape design concepts described in Ji Cheng’s Yuan Zhi? Select all that apply.
- A.
Unexpectedness
- B.
Plainess
- C.
Sincerity
- D.
Changeability
- E.
Refinement
- F.
Simplicity
- G.
Suitability
- H.
Affordability
Correct Answer(s)
A. Unexpectedness
D. Changeability
E. Refinement
F. Simplicity
G. SuitabilityExplanation
The correct answer is unexpectedness, changeability, refinement, simplicity, and suitability. These concepts from Ji Cheng's Yuan Zhi were used in the landscape design of the Yuanmingyuan and Qingyi gardens. The gardens incorporated unexpected elements and changes in the layout to create a sense of surprise and variety. The design also aimed for refinement and simplicity, focusing on creating a harmonious and elegant environment. Lastly, the gardens were designed to be suitable for their purpose and location, taking into consideration factors such as climate and cultural context.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The Adam brothers sought to create what type of environment (that is a precursor to the beginnings of the modern movement!)?
- A.
A totally integrated architectural and spatial environment
- B.
A special environment that was plain and simple
- C.
A focus on the techniques of social responses to working conditions
- D.
A conglomeration of different styles to show the multi-cultural nature of the world.
Correct Answer
A. A totally integrated architectural and spatial environmentExplanation
The Adam brothers aimed to create a totally integrated architectural and spatial environment. This means that they wanted to design spaces where every element, from the architecture to the furniture and decor, would harmoniously blend together. They sought to create a cohesive and unified environment that would seamlessly combine different design elements, resulting in a holistic and integrated experience. This approach was a precursor to the beginnings of the modern movement, which also emphasized the integration of various design elements and the breaking away from traditional styles.Rate this question:
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- 24.
At Ledoux's Salt Works of Chaux, the director's pavilion embodied several things. Pick all that apply from the following list.
- A.
A novel new column order that went beyond the Doric, Ionic and Corinthian Greek orders
- B.
Shows lines of force where the crossing of two major axes is composed of rational production line on diameter of semicircle and symbolic line linking two colonnades a path of initiation that begins with a grotto and continues to a temple
- C.
A path for carriages that went straight through the pavilion
- D.
Shows imperatives of cost of construction because the original design had columns on all sides, and the built version removed them and other elements making it cheaper to build
Correct Answer(s)
A. A novel new column order that went beyond the Doric, Ionic and Corinthian Greek orders
B. Shows lines of force where the crossing of two major axes is composed of rational production line on diameter of semicircle and symbolic line linking two colonnades a path of initiation that begins with a grotto and continues to a temple
C. A path for carriages that went straight through the pavilion
D. Shows imperatives of cost of construction because the original design had columns on all sides, and the built version removed them and other elements making it cheaper to buildExplanation
The director's pavilion at Ledoux's Salt Works of Chaux embodied several things. Firstly, it featured a novel new column order that went beyond the traditional Greek orders of Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Additionally, the pavilion showcased lines of force, where the crossing of two major axes was composed of a rational production line on the diameter of a semicircle and a symbolic line linking two colonnades, creating a path of initiation that begins with a grotto and continues to a temple. Furthermore, the pavilion included a path for carriages that went straight through it. Lastly, the design of the pavilion demonstrated cost-saving measures, as the original plan had columns on all sides, but the built version removed them and other elements to make it cheaper to construct.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Soane designed which of these buildings. Select all that apply.
- A.
French cemeteries
- B.
Bank of England
- C.
His own house
- D.
Virginia State Capitol
Correct Answer(s)
B. Bank of England
C. His own houseExplanation
Soane designed the Bank of England and his own house.Rate this question:
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- 26.
What was the entrance like at Kanamaru-za? And think about how this affected the perception of transitioning from outside world to the world of theater inside.
- A.
Low and small
- B.
High and grand
- C.
Wide and short
- D.
Tall and small
Correct Answer
A. Low and smallExplanation
The entrance at Kanamaru-za was described as low and small. This suggests that the entrance was not imposing or grand, but rather modest in size. This would have affected the perception of transitioning from the outside world to the world of theater inside by creating a sense of intimacy and simplicity. The low and small entrance may have made the transition feel more personal and inviting, allowing the audience to feel a closer connection to the theater and the performances that awaited them inside.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Qianlong practiced Tibetan Buddhism in private, eventhough the official government policy was based on Confusian ethics. He therefore tried to be a model Buddhist leader. How did this affect his practice of architecture?
- A.
He kept the architecture specific to each region, which respected the individual cultures of the big empire.
- B.
He preferred to have a single style based on the ancient Chinese secrets of Dung-po.
- C.
He took aspects of several types of architecture and cultures and melded them into a modernized synthetic whole.
- D.
He thought that his preferences didn't matter, so he let each project architect choose how to build according to what they thought was appropriate.
Correct Answer
C. He took aspects of several types of architecture and cultures and melded them into a modernized synthetic whole.Explanation
Qianlong's practice of Tibetan Buddhism influenced his approach to architecture by taking aspects of several types of architecture and cultures and combining them into a modernized synthetic whole. This means that he incorporated elements from different architectural styles and cultures, respecting the individual cultures of the diverse empire. This approach allowed him to create a unique architectural style that reflected the diversity and inclusivity of his empire, while also showcasing his commitment to being a model Buddhist leader.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which of these descriptions characterize John Soane's own house?
- A.
Is plain and lifeless
- B.
Creates depth from mirrors
- C.
Is really simple
- D.
Has spatial layering
- E.
Enjoyable complexity
Correct Answer(s)
B. Creates depth from mirrors
D. Has spatial layering
E. Enjoyable complexityExplanation
John Soane's own house is characterized by creating depth from mirrors, having spatial layering, and enjoyable complexity. The use of mirrors in the design creates an illusion of depth and expands the perception of space. Spatial layering refers to the arrangement of different spaces in a way that creates a sense of depth and dimensionality. The house is not plain and lifeless, as it incorporates these design elements to add visual interest and complexity, making it an enjoyable space to experience.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Why was Kabuki theater started, what does 'Kabuki' mean, and why did it flourish?
- A.
To become more Western, "The Western Way", the leaders of Japan insisted the country westernize
- B.
As a reaction to new ties with China, "welcome foreigner", the quality was very high
- C.
As a way to solidify Japanese traditions, "the Japanese Way", because it entertained the masses
- D.
As a reaction to tighter cultural control, "out of the ordinary", because it was scandalous
Correct Answer
D. As a reaction to tighter cultural control, "out of the ordinary", because it was scandalousExplanation
Kabuki theater was started as a reaction to tighter cultural control and because it was scandalous. This means that the theater form emerged as a response to strict regulations imposed on traditional Japanese arts and as a way to challenge societal norms. Kabuki theater's scandalous and provocative nature allowed it to attract audiences and gain popularity, leading to its flourishing.Rate this question:
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- 30.
What are all Hindu temples a model of?
- A.
The Earth
- B.
The Palace
- C.
Heaven
- D.
The cosmos
Correct Answer
D. The cosmosExplanation
Hindu temples are often considered a model of the cosmos. This is because they are designed to represent the universe and its various elements. The temple structure symbolizes the sacred Mount Meru, which is believed to be at the center of the universe in Hindu cosmology. The different levels and sections of the temple correspond to different realms of existence, from the earthly realm to the heavenly realms. The intricate carvings and decorations on the temple walls depict various celestial beings, gods, and goddesses, further emphasizing the connection to the cosmos.Rate this question:
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- 31.
What is the city of Jaipur theoretically based upon?
- A.
Star constellations
- B.
Wagon wheel
- C.
Ceremonial procession
- D.
Nine-square mandala
Correct Answer
D. Nine-square mandalaExplanation
Jaipur is theoretically based upon the nine-square mandala. A mandala is a geometric design that represents the universe in Hindu and Buddhist symbolism. In the case of Jaipur, the city was designed using a nine-square grid layout, with each square representing a different sector or aspect of the city. This layout was believed to bring harmony and balance to the city, aligning it with the principles of the mandala. The nine-square mandala layout is a unique feature of Jaipur's urban planning and contributes to its cultural and architectural significance.Rate this question:
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- 32.
What conversation did the fakeness of the plaster building material provoke about colonial architecture?
- A.
Pride and shame as a function of appearance of buildings
- B.
Structural worry and engineering debate
- C.
Earthquake resistance versus beauty of form
- D.
Racial division and economic disparity
Correct Answer
A. Pride and shame as a function of appearance of buildingsExplanation
The fakeness of the plaster building material provoked a conversation about pride and shame as a function of the appearance of buildings in colonial architecture. This suggests that the use of fake materials in building construction may have caused a sense of embarrassment or dissatisfaction among the colonial architects and residents, as it did not reflect the desired aesthetic or quality. The conversation might have explored the impact of appearances on the perception of colonial architecture and how it reflected the socio-economic status or cultural identity of the colonizers.Rate this question:
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- 33.
What was the Hawa Mahal made for?
- A.
A way to display great power and elitism
- B.
A wind block for the palace
- C.
To allow for royals to be seen from the passing parades
- D.
To allow women to watch festival processions while remaining unseen
Correct Answer
D. To allow women to watch festival processions while remaining unseenExplanation
The Hawa Mahal was built to allow women to watch festival processions while remaining unseen. The intricate latticework of the palace's windows provided a way for the women of the royal family to observe the festivities and street parades without being seen by the general public. This allowed them to maintain their privacy and adhere to the strict cultural norms of the time.Rate this question:
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- 34.
What did the British think about the Indian civilization?
- A.
Wanted to incorporate many elements of it
- B.
Thought it was fully matured and developed
- C.
Thought it was better than their own
- D.
Did not respect it
Correct Answer
D. Did not respect itExplanation
The British did not respect the Indian civilization. This can be attributed to their colonial mindset and belief in their own superiority. They viewed Indian culture as inferior and sought to impose their own values and systems on the Indian people. This lack of respect was evident in their policies and actions, such as the destruction of Indian industries and the imposition of discriminatory laws. The British also propagated negative stereotypes about Indian culture, further undermining its value in their eyes.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Where was the first fireproof warehouse in the world?
- A.
Paris
- B.
Madrid
- C.
Liverpool
- D.
London
Correct Answer
C. LiverpoolExplanation
Liverpool is the correct answer because it was the location of the world's first fireproof warehouse. This warehouse was built in 1799 by William Parr and Thomas Haigh, and it was made entirely of cast iron and brick, with no wood used in its construction. This innovative design made it resistant to fire and helped protect the valuable goods stored inside. The success of this fireproof warehouse in Liverpool led to the construction of similar buildings in other cities around the world.Rate this question:
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- 36.
What ideology did Greek Revival architecture reinforce in the United States?
- A.
Republicanism
- B.
Elitism
- C.
Artistic
- D.
Democracy
Correct Answer
B. ElitismExplanation
Greek Revival architecture in the United States reinforced the ideology of elitism. This architectural style, which drew inspiration from ancient Greek and Roman designs, was associated with wealth, power, and sophistication. It was often used to construct grand public buildings, mansions, and institutions, symbolizing the social and economic status of the elite class. The use of classical elements in these structures aimed to evoke a sense of superiority and exclusivity, reinforcing the idea that only the privileged few deserved such opulent and prestigious architecture.Rate this question:
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- 37.
What is a dakhma?
- A.
Islamic altar
- B.
Theatrical stage
- C.
Funerary tower
- D.
Sacrificial altar
Correct Answer
C. Funerary towerExplanation
A dakhma is a funerary tower. In Zoroastrianism, a dakhma, also known as a "Tower of Silence," is a raised structure where the dead bodies are placed to be exposed to the elements and scavenging birds, as part of the traditional burial ritual. This practice is based on the belief that dead bodies are impure and should not pollute the earth or water. The dakhma allows for the natural decomposition of the body while preventing contamination of the environment.Rate this question:
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- 38.
What was the most important change to the architectural landscape during the Industrial Revolution?
- A.
The church
- B.
The factory
- C.
The truss
- D.
Waterpower
Correct Answer
B. The factoryExplanation
During the Industrial Revolution, the most important change to the architectural landscape was the introduction of factories. Factories revolutionized the way goods were produced by bringing together machinery, labor, and resources under one roof. This led to the rapid growth of urban areas and the decline of rural communities. The factory system also brought about significant social and economic changes, such as the rise of the working class and the shift from a predominantly agrarian society to an industrial one. The impact of factories on the architectural landscape was profound, as they became the focal point of industrialized cities and shaped the urban environment.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Altes Museum: What is the interior of the central space modeled after?
- A.
Pantheon
- B.
Acropolis
- C.
Parthenon
- D.
Atheneum
Correct Answer
A. PantheonExplanation
The interior of the central space of the Altes Museum is modeled after the Pantheon. The Pantheon is a famous ancient Roman temple in Rome, known for its impressive dome and circular design. The Altes Museum, located in Berlin, Germany, was designed by architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel and completed in 1830. It was inspired by classical Greek and Roman architecture, and the central space of the museum emulates the grandeur and architectural style of the Pantheon.Rate this question:
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- 40.
What was an Atheneum?
- A.
A place which promoted the central power of the government
- B.
A place to house school kids at boarding school
- C.
A place for the schools to store used equipment
- D.
A place to promote learning and culture in the model of ancient Greece.
Correct Answer
D. A place to promote learning and culture in the model of ancient Greece.Explanation
An Atheneum was a place that aimed to promote learning and culture, following the model of ancient Greece. It served as a center for intellectual and cultural activities, providing a space for education, discussions, and the exchange of ideas. It was not focused on promoting the central power of the government or housing school kids at boarding school, nor was it intended for storing used equipment. Its primary purpose was to foster intellectual growth and the appreciation of arts and sciences.Rate this question:
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- 41.
What was a characteristic of the London Law Courts?
- A.
Strong emphasis on the axis of entry in everyday use
- B.
Labyrinthine system
- C.
Use of clearly defined passageways
- D.
Opaqueness
Correct Answer
B. Labyrinthine systemExplanation
The London Law Courts were known for their labyrinthine system. This suggests that the layout of the courts was complex and confusing, with many interconnected corridors and passages. This characteristic likely made it difficult for visitors and participants to navigate the courts, adding to the overall complexity and intricacy of the legal proceedings taking place there.Rate this question:
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- 42.
What made British public sector architecture possible?
- A.
Creation of the Board of Architecture
- B.
Creation of the Public Board of Ministers
- C.
Creation of the Ministry of Public Sector Architecture
- D.
Creation of the Metropolitan Board of Works
Correct Answer
D. Creation of the Metropolitan Board of Works -
- 43.
What building types were significant in Europe in the 1900s according to the textbook? (Select ALL that apply)
- A.
Railroad stations
- B.
National museums
- C.
Temples
- D.
Airports
- E.
Step wells
- F.
Ocean liner docks
- G.
World fairs
Correct Answer(s)
A. Railroad stations
B. National museums
G. World fairsExplanation
In the 1900s, railroad stations, national museums, and world fairs were significant building types in Europe. Railroad stations played a crucial role in transportation and were often grand architectural structures. National museums were important cultural institutions that showcased a country's heritage and art. World fairs were large exhibitions that showcased technological advancements and cultural exchange between countries.Rate this question:
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- 44.
What was the double appeal of Ancient Greece and the Renaissance?
- A.
Ancient Greece was seen as progressive, philosophically sophisticated and militaristic coupled with the artistic achievement of the Renaissance.
- B.
Ancient Greece was seen as lavish and opulent coupled with the emphasis of richness in the Renaissance.
- C.
Ancient Greece was see as conservative and economically powerful while the Renaissance was all about merchants and profitability.
- D.
Ancient Greece was seen as a model for political society and the Renaissance featured artwork that was made by the middle class.
Correct Answer
A. Ancient Greece was seen as progressive, philosophically sophisticated and militaristic coupled with the artistic achievement of the Renaissance.Explanation
Ancient Greece and the Renaissance were both admired for their progressive and philosophically sophisticated nature. Ancient Greece was known for its advancements in philosophy and the arts, while the Renaissance was a period of great artistic achievement. The combination of these two aspects made Ancient Greece and the Renaissance particularly appealing to many people.Rate this question:
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- 45.
One way Frank Lloyd Wright's modernism was different from the Europeans was...
- A.
Not afraid to build vertically and tall over 3 stories high.
- B.
Not afraid to incorporate porches and platforms into the living space of the building.
- C.
Not afraid to include white stucco walls and ribbon windows.
- D.
Not afraid to shut the outside areas off from the interior of the buildings.
Correct Answer
B. Not afraid to incorporate porches and platforms into the living space of the building.Explanation
Frank Lloyd Wright's modernism was different from the Europeans because he was not afraid to incorporate porches and platforms into the living space of the building. Unlike European modernists who focused more on functionalism and minimalism, Wright believed in integrating nature into his designs and blurring the boundaries between indoor and outdoor spaces. He often included porches and platforms that extended the living area into the surrounding environment, creating a seamless connection between the interior and exterior of the building. This approach added a unique element to his modernist designs and set him apart from his European counterparts.Rate this question:
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- 46.
What style became prominent in the British colonies in India?
- A.
Romanesque
- B.
Roman
- C.
Gothic
- D.
Georgian
Correct Answer
C. GothicExplanation
Gothic architecture became prominent in the British colonies in India. This style was characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses. It was influenced by European Gothic architecture and was popular during the British colonial period in India. Gothic buildings were often used for churches, government buildings, and educational institutions, and their grand and ornate designs became a symbol of British power and influence in India.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Which of these was the difference between Art Nouveau and Arts and Crafts movements?
- A.
Art Nouveau aimed to heal alienation.
- B.
Art Nouveau stressed creativity.
- C.
Art Nouveau was more conventional and boring
- D.
Art Nouveau was centered in the United States.
Correct Answer
B. Art Nouveau stressed creativity.Explanation
Art Nouveau stressed creativity, which means that this movement placed a strong emphasis on originality, innovation, and artistic expression. This can be seen in the intricate and elaborate designs that characterized Art Nouveau, as well as the use of new materials and techniques. In contrast, the Arts and Crafts movement focused more on traditional craftsmanship and the revival of traditional skills, rather than pushing the boundaries of creativity.Rate this question:
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- 48.
What was the Ecole des Beaux Arts?
- A.
The music school of choice in Paris
- B.
The opera school in Paris
- C.
The top ballet school of Paris
- D.
Europe's prime school for the study of architecture
Correct Answer
D. Europe's prime school for the study of architectureExplanation
The Ecole des Beaux Arts was Europe's prime school for the study of architecture. It was a prestigious institution located in Paris, known for its rigorous academic program and emphasis on classical architecture. The school played a significant role in shaping architectural education and practice in Europe during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Many renowned architects, such as Le Corbusier and Frank Gehry, were trained at the Ecole des Beaux Arts.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Select all that apply: Which of these are unique characteristics of the Beaux Arts?
- A.
Axiality is important
- B.
Decoration is banned from the building
- C.
Clear hierarchy of program
- D.
Nature is brought into the building
- E.
Decorative elements are in accordance with program
- F.
Symmetry is stressed
- G.
A labyrinth of spaces is necessary for organizational sense
- H.
Asymmetry is stressed
Correct Answer(s)
A. Axiality is important
C. Clear hierarchy of program
E. Decorative elements are in accordance with program
F. Symmetry is stressedExplanation
The Beaux Arts style is known for its emphasis on axiality, meaning that buildings are designed with a strong sense of balance and symmetry along a central axis. It also values a clear hierarchy of program, meaning that the functions and spaces within a building are organized in a hierarchical manner. Decorative elements in Beaux Arts architecture are carefully chosen and integrated into the overall design, in accordance with the program of the building. Symmetry is a key characteristic of Beaux Arts, with buildings often having a symmetrical facade and layout. Therefore, the correct answers are Axiality is important, Clear hierarchy of program, Decorative elements are in accordance with program, and Symmetry is stressed.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Which was built first, the Robie House or the Ville Savoye?
- A.
Robie House
- B.
Built at same time
- C.
Villa Savoye
- D.
Scholars don't know
Correct Answer
A. Robie HouseExplanation
The Robie House was built first.Rate this question:
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Aug 28, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jul 15, 2017Quiz Created by
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