1.
Which statement is true of all criminal justice reports?
Correct Answer
A. They demonstrate officers’ professionalism
Explanation
Criminal justice reports are important documents that demonstrate the professionalism of officers. These reports are written in a clear and concise manner, providing accurate and detailed information about the crime, the investigation, and any evidence collected. By demonstrating their professionalism through well-written reports, officers show their commitment to upholding the law and ensuring justice is served.
2.
Your report may be read by
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above" because the question asks who may read the report, and the options include "your supervisor," "a newspaper reporter," and "an attorney." The phrase "all of the above" indicates that all three options are correct and that all three individuals mentioned may read the report.
3.
Which of the following must be included in your report
Correct Answer
C. The reason you were at the location
Explanation
The reason you were at the location must be included in your report as it provides important context and background information for the incident being reported. It helps to establish your presence at the location and the purpose of your visit, which can be relevant to understanding the incident and its implications.
4.
The preparation stage of report writing includes
Correct Answer
D. A and c
Explanation
The preparation stage of report writing includes interviewing and investigating. Interviewing involves gathering information from relevant sources through interviews, while investigating involves conducting research and gathering data on the topic. Both interviewing and investigating are crucial steps in preparing a comprehensive and well-informed report.
5.
The drafting stage of report writing includes
Correct Answer
B. Spellchecking words you’re unsure of
Explanation
The drafting stage of report writing includes spellchecking words you're unsure of. This step ensures that the report is free from spelling errors and enhances its overall readability. By spellchecking, the writer can identify and correct any mistakes or typos in the text, improving the accuracy and professionalism of the report. This process helps to maintain the quality and credibility of the written content.
6.
The revising stage of report writing includes
Correct Answer
D. B and c
Explanation
The revising stage of report writing includes spellchecking words you're unsure of and verifying information. This stage involves reviewing the content of the report to ensure accuracy and clarity. Spellchecking helps to identify and correct any spelling errors or typos that may have been overlooked during the initial writing process. Verifying information involves fact-checking and confirming the accuracy of the data, statistics, and sources used in the report. By completing these tasks, the writer can improve the overall quality and credibility of the report.
7.
When writing a report, officers must sometimes
Correct Answer
C. Blend two sets of stories
Explanation
When writing a report, officers may need to blend two sets of stories. This means they have to combine and reconcile different accounts of an event or incident in order to create a comprehensive and accurate report. This could involve gathering information from multiple witnesses or sources and ensuring that all relevant details are included. By blending two sets of stories, officers can provide a clear and coherent narrative that reflects the different perspectives and accounts of the incident.
8.
The practice of identifying people at the scene as Witness 1, Witness 2, and so on is
Correct Answer
D. Not recommended by your book
Explanation
The given correct answer states that the practice of identifying people at the scene as Witness 1, Witness 2, and so on is not recommended by the book. However, the explanation for this answer is not available.
9.
Suppose you searched an inmate’s locker for contraband without finding anything suspicious. You should
Correct Answer
A. Write a report
Explanation
In this scenario, the correct answer is to write a report. Even though nothing suspicious was found in the inmate's locker, it is still important to document the search and the fact that no contraband was found. This report can serve as evidence that the search was conducted properly and can be referred to in the future if needed. It is a standard procedure to document all actions taken during an investigation or search, regardless of the outcome.
10.
Suppose you look for footprints at a crime scene without finding any. Your report should
Correct Answer
B. State that you looked for footprints but didn’t find any
Explanation
The correct answer is to state that you looked for footprints but didn't find any. This is the most accurate and complete response as it includes both the action taken (looking for footprints) and the result (not finding any). It provides a clear and concise account of the investigation process, which is important for documenting the efforts made at the crime scene.
11.
Which is not a category you might think about while preparing to write a report?
Correct Answer
B. Emotions
Explanation
When preparing to write a report, it is important to consider various categories such as victims, suspects, and even yourself as the writer. However, emotions are not typically a category that one would think about while preparing to write a report. Reports are typically focused on presenting factual information and analysis rather than personal emotions. Therefore, emotions can be considered as the correct answer for this question.
12.
When you’re writing a report, recording hearsay may be
Correct Answer
C. Useful for further investigation
Explanation
Recording hearsay in a report can be useful for further investigation because it provides valuable information that can help in uncovering additional evidence or leads. While hearsay itself may not be admissible in court, it can serve as a starting point for gathering more concrete and reliable evidence. By documenting hearsay in a report, investigators can ensure that no potential leads or information are overlooked, allowing for a more thorough and comprehensive investigation.
13.
Dealing with a victim’s emotions
Correct Answer
A. Should be done first
Explanation
When dealing with a victim, addressing their emotions should be done first. This is because victims often experience a range of emotions such as fear, anger, or sadness, and addressing these emotions can help provide them with comfort and support. By acknowledging and validating their emotions, officers can establish trust and rapport with the victim, which is crucial for effective communication and investigation. Additionally, addressing emotions early on can help victims feel heard and understood, which can contribute to their overall well-being and recovery process.
14.
Using quotation marks when you’re taking notes
Correct Answer
C. Can be helpful in identifying someone’s exact words later
Explanation
Using quotation marks when you're taking notes can be helpful in identifying someone's exact words later. This is because quotation marks indicate that the words within them are a direct quote from someone. By using quotation marks, you can accurately attribute the words to the speaker and ensure that you are not misrepresenting or misinterpreting their words. This can be particularly important in situations where precise wording is crucial, such as in legal or journalistic contexts.
15.
When slang is recorded in a report,
Correct Answer
D. Explanations of unfamiliar words and phrases may be needed
Explanation
When slang is recorded in a report, explanations of unfamiliar words and phrases may be needed. This is because slang is informal language that may not be easily understood by everyone. Including explanations of unfamiliar words and phrases helps ensure that the report can be understood by all readers, regardless of their familiarity with slang. This demonstrates professionalism and ensures effective communication.
16.
Establishing probable cause is especially important in a
Correct Answer
D. Type 4 report
Explanation
Establishing probable cause is especially important in a Type 4 report. A Type 4 report typically involves incidents that require a thorough investigation, such as accidents, crimes, or serious incidents. In order to establish probable cause, investigators need to gather sufficient evidence and facts to support their conclusions and determine the cause of the incident. This is crucial in Type 4 reports as they often involve legal implications and may require further action, such as filing charges or initiating legal proceedings.
17.
Which of the following should not be included in a report?
Correct Answer
B. Your theory about how the crime was committed
Explanation
Including "your theory about how the crime was committed" in a report should not be done because a report should only contain objective and factual information. Theories are subjective and speculative, and should be left to investigators and experts to analyze and determine. Including personal theories in a report can compromise the integrity and credibility of the report, as it may introduce bias and unsupported assumptions. A report should focus on presenting the evidence, observations, and actions taken, rather than personal opinions or theories.
18.
When two officers are working a crime scene, the report should note
Correct Answer
A. Who did the interviews
Explanation
The report should note who did the interviews because it is important to document which officer conducted the interviews with witnesses, suspects, or any other individuals involved in the crime scene. This information helps establish the credibility and reliability of the interviews conducted, as well as provides clarity on who gathered specific information or statements. Additionally, noting who did the interviews allows for accountability and transparency within the investigative process.
19.
Controlling an interview with a witness
Correct Answer
B. Is sometimes necessary
Explanation
Controlling an interview with a witness is sometimes necessary in order to gather accurate and relevant information. In certain situations, witnesses may be uncooperative or unwilling to provide crucial details, making it necessary for the interviewer to take control of the conversation. However, it is important to approach this with sensitivity, as being too forceful or aggressive can hinder the witness's willingness to cooperate. Therefore, while controlling an interview may be necessary in certain circumstances, it should always be done with caution and respect for the witness's comfort and well-being.
20.
Carrying a small notebook in a pocket
Correct Answer
C. Can be helpful in an emergency
Explanation
Carrying a small notebook in a pocket can be helpful in an emergency because it allows for quick access to write down important information or instructions. In unexpected situations, having a notebook on hand can help to record details, contact information, or any other necessary information that may be needed later. It can serve as a useful tool to ensure important information is not forgotten or lost in a time-sensitive situation.
21.
Writing the terms “Victim 1, Victim 2” instead of actual names
Correct Answer
C. Can cause confusion
Explanation
Using terms like "Victim 1, Victim 2" instead of actual names can cause confusion. This is because it may be difficult to keep track of which victim is being referred to, especially if there are multiple victims involved in a situation. It can lead to misunderstandings and misinterpretations of the information being conveyed. Using actual names would provide clarity and make it easier for readers to understand the context and follow the report accurately.
22.
The events that happened at a crime scene are
Correct Answer
A. Recorded in the narrative
Explanation
The correct answer is "recorded in the narrative." This means that the events that occurred at a crime scene are documented and written down in a detailed report known as the narrative. This report provides a chronological account of the events, including any observations, evidence collected, and statements from witnesses or involved parties. The narrative serves as a crucial record for investigative purposes and can be used as evidence in court proceedings.
23.
If you’re using a printed form or a computer template to write your report, you probably
Correct Answer
B. Won’t need an opening sentence
Explanation
The correct answer is "won’t need an opening sentence". This is because when using a printed form or a computer template to write a report, the structure is usually pre-determined and includes sections such as headings, subheadings, and prompts. These sections already provide a clear structure and context for the information being presented, eliminating the need for an opening sentence to introduce the report.
24.
According to your book, the “5W” questions can be help you to
Correct Answer
C. Handle flashbacks in a report
Explanation
The "5W" questions refer to who, what, when, where, and why. These questions are commonly used in journalism and investigation to gather information about an event or incident. In the context of handling flashbacks in a report, asking the "5W" questions can help to provide a clear and detailed account of the events, allowing the writer to effectively address and explain any flashbacks that may occur. By answering these questions, the writer can provide a cohesive and coherent narrative, ensuring that the report is accurate and understandable.
25.
In a report, flashbacks
Correct Answer
B. Are jumps backward and forward in time
Explanation
Flashbacks are jumps backward and forward in time. This means that in a report, flashbacks refer to instances where the narrative of the report shifts from the present moment to a previous event or time period, and then back to the present. These jumps in time can provide important context or background information to the report, helping to create a more comprehensive and detailed account of the events being described.
26.
When witnesses tell contradictory stories, the officer can
Correct Answer
A. Use a separate paragraph for each witness
Explanation
When witnesses tell contradictory stories, it is important for the officer to use a separate paragraph for each witness. This allows for a clear and organized documentation of each witness's account, making it easier to analyze and compare the information later on. By separating the stories, the officer can maintain objectivity and avoid any confusion or bias that may arise from combining all the witness stories into one paragraph.
27.
A report about a domestic dispute
Correct Answer
D. All the above
Explanation
A report about a domestic dispute is likely to include events that happened before the officer arrived because understanding the context and background of the dispute is important for the investigation. It is also likely to include contradictory stories as different parties involved may have different perspectives or interests. Additionally, a report about a domestic dispute is likely to require interviews to gather information from all parties involved and to gather evidence for a thorough investigation. Therefore, all of the above options are correct in this case.
28.
Categories like yourself, witnesses, and evidence
Correct Answer
B. Are thinking tools
Explanation
The answer "are thinking tools" suggests that categories like yourself, witnesses, and evidence are useful tools for organizing and analyzing information in a report. These categories help officers to structure their thoughts and observations, making it easier to document and communicate important details about a crime scene. By categorizing information, officers can ensure that all relevant aspects are considered and included in their reports, leading to a more comprehensive and accurate account of the incident.
29.
A narrative is
Correct Answer
C. A story
Explanation
The correct answer is "a story" because a narrative refers to a sequence of events or experiences that are presented in a storytelling manner. It is not limited to a police report or a fabrication, as it can encompass various types of stories, including fictional or non-fictional accounts.
30.
Calling an ambulance belongs to which of the six categories?
Correct Answer
C. Disposition
Explanation
"Disposition" refers to the act of arranging or settling something. In the context of calling an ambulance, it can be categorized under disposition because it involves making a decision or arrangement to seek medical help for someone in need.
31.
Probable cause is particularly important in
Correct Answer
D. Type 4
Explanation
Probable cause is particularly important in Type 4 reports. This suggests that Type 4 reports require a thorough examination and analysis of the evidence to determine the most likely cause of a particular event or situation. Probable cause is a legal term often used in investigations to establish that there is enough evidence to support a reasonable belief that a crime or wrongdoing has occurred. Therefore, in Type 4 reports, it is crucial to identify and present the probable cause accurately to ensure a comprehensive and valid report.
32.
In Type 1 situations, the officer may not have to
Correct Answer
D. A, b, and c
Explanation
In Type 1 situations, officers may not have to establish probable cause, file charges, or collect evidence. This suggests that in certain circumstances, officers may have the authority to take action without going through the usual legal processes. This could be due to emergency situations, imminent threats, or other circumstances where immediate action is necessary to ensure public safety.
33.
What makes a Type 2 report different from a Type 1?
Correct Answer
A. The officer performs an investigation
Explanation
A Type 2 report is different from a Type 1 report because in a Type 2 report, the officer performs an investigation. This means that the officer takes proactive steps to gather evidence, interview witnesses, and collect information related to the case. In contrast, a Type 1 report typically involves the officer documenting a situation that they observed or were called to, without further investigation. In a Type 2 report, the officer is actively working to gather information and build a case.
34.
What makes a Type 3 report different from a Type 2?
Correct Answer
C. The officer intervenes in the situation
Explanation
A Type 3 report is different from a Type 2 report because in a Type 3 report, the officer intervenes in the situation. This means that the officer takes action or becomes involved in the incident, rather than just documenting the details of the incident as in a Type 2 report. In a Type 3 report, the officer may have to make decisions, provide assistance, or resolve the situation in some way.
35.
Which is probably true of a Type 4 report?
Correct Answer
A. Probable cause is an issue
Explanation
A Type 4 report is likely to involve an issue regarding probable cause. This means that there may be a question or concern about whether there is enough evidence to support a legal arrest or search. The report will likely be filed to document the incident and the details surrounding it. Additionally, it is possible that the incident was initiated by a citizen who called 911 for assistance. Therefore, the statement "probable cause is an issue" is probably true for a Type 4 report.
36.
Which of the following is true of many Type 2, 3, and 4 reports?
Correct Answer
A. Witnesses and suspects may tell conflicting stories
Explanation
Many Type 2, 3, and 4 reports involve witnesses and suspects who may provide conflicting stories. This means that their statements may not align or may contradict each other, making it difficult to determine the truth of the matter.
37.
In a Type 2 situation, officers should
Correct Answer
B. Include the results of the investigations, even if nothing is found
Explanation
In a Type 2 situation, officers should include the results of the investigations, even if nothing is found. This is important because it provides a comprehensive record of the actions taken by the officers and demonstrates that they thoroughly investigated the situation. Including the results, even if nothing is found, shows transparency and accountability in the officer's actions. It also helps to maintain the integrity of the investigation process and ensures that all relevant information is documented for future reference or review.
38.
In a type 3 situation, an officer will
Correct Answer
C. Look, listen, write, investigate, and intervene
Explanation
In a type 3 situation, an officer will look and listen to gather information about the situation. They will then write a report based on their observations. Additionally, they will investigate further to gather more evidence and information. Finally, they will intervene by taking appropriate action to resolve the situation or prevent any harm. This comprehensive approach ensures that the officer thoroughly assesses the situation, gathers necessary information, and takes appropriate steps to address it effectively.
39.
In a type 4 situation, an officer will
Correct Answer
D. Set the case in motion
Explanation
In a type 4 situation, an officer will set the case in motion. This means that they will take the necessary actions to initiate the legal process and start investigating the case. They will gather information, write reports, and intervene if necessary. However, the options of "look, listen, and write", "look, listen, write, and investigate", and "look, listen, write, investigate, and intervene" suggest that the officer will engage in additional activities beyond setting the case in motion, which is not accurate. Therefore, the correct answer is "set the case in motion".
40.
Understanding the four types of reports
Correct Answer
C. Helps officers focus on what should be included in each type of report
Explanation
The correct answer is "helps officers focus on what should be included in each type of report." This is because understanding the four types of reports is necessary for officers to know what information should be included in each report. By having this understanding, officers can ensure that they include all the necessary details in their reports and handle situations professionally.
41.
Which word is not appropriate for a report?
Correct Answer
A. Seemed
Explanation
The word "seemed" is not appropriate for a report because it is subjective and does not provide concrete information. A report should contain factual and objective statements, and "seemed" implies uncertainty or personal interpretation. It is better to use words that accurately describe actions, events, or observations, such as "carried," "said," or "grabbed."
42.
Which word is not appropriate for a report?
Correct Answer
B. Confused
Explanation
The word "confused" is not appropriate for a report because it is subjective and does not provide clear and objective information. Reports should be based on facts and evidence, and "confused" does not fit this criteria. It is a subjective description that can vary from person to person, making it unreliable for a formal report.
43.
Objectivity is ensured by
Correct Answer
B. Constantly monitoring your thoughts and reactions
Explanation
Constantly monitoring your thoughts and reactions ensures objectivity because it allows you to be aware of any biases, emotions, or personal opinions that may influence your judgment. By being vigilant and observant of your own mental processes, you can strive to maintain a neutral and unbiased perspective, which is essential for objectivity. This practice helps to minimize subjective interpretations and ensures that decisions and actions are based on factual evidence and rational analysis rather than personal biases.
44.
Which word is appropriate for a report?
Correct Answer
C. Failed
Explanation
The word "failed" is appropriate for a report because it indicates that a particular task, goal, or objective was not achieved or completed successfully. In a report, it is important to accurately convey the outcome or result, and using the word "failed" helps to clearly communicate this information.
45.
Applying labels like “crazy” and “sexy” in a report can
Correct Answer
D. B and c
Explanation
Applying labels like "crazy" and "sexy" in a report can cause a defense attorney to challenge you and make you look insensitive. Using such labels can be seen as unprofessional and disrespectful, potentially undermining the credibility of the report and the person presenting it in court. Defense attorneys may argue that the use of such labels shows bias or a lack of objectivity, which can weaken the case being presented. Additionally, using labels that are potentially offensive or derogatory can make the person using them appear insensitive and disrespectful towards others involved in the case.
46.
Which of the following is appropriate for inclusion in a report?
Correct Answer
C. An action
Explanation
An action is appropriate for inclusion in a report because it represents a concrete step taken to address a problem or achieve a goal. Unlike a hunch or a guess, which are based on intuition or speculation, an action is a tangible measure that can be implemented and evaluated. Including actions in a report allows for accountability and demonstrates progress towards objectives. A prediction, while it may be useful in certain contexts, is more speculative and uncertain compared to an action. Therefore, an action is the most suitable choice for inclusion in a report.
47.
Which of the following is appropriate for inclusion in a report?
Correct Answer
C. Jones stumbled
Explanation
Including the statement "Jones stumbled" in a report is appropriate because it provides a factual observation of Jones's behavior. It does not make any assumptions or judgments about Jones's state or actions, but simply describes what was observed.
48.
Describing a woman as a “bombshell” or “sexpot” is
Correct Answer
D. Acceptable if you’re quoting someone’s exact words
Explanation
Describing a woman as a "bombshell" or "sexpot" can be seen as objectifying and disrespectful. However, if you are quoting someone's exact words, it is acceptable because you are simply relaying what someone else said. This does not necessarily reflect your own beliefs or opinions, but rather acknowledges that someone else used those terms to describe the woman.
49.
A synonym for objective is
Correct Answer
D. Factua
Explanation
The word "objective" refers to something that is unbiased and based on facts rather than personal opinions or feelings. The word "factua" is a synonym for objective because it also means something that is based on facts and is not influenced by personal opinions or emotions.
50.
Which of the following sentences is acceptable in a report?
Correct Answer
A. Paine said, “My husband had been acting strangely since he came home from the party.”
Explanation
The sentence "Paine said, 'My husband had been acting strangely since he came home from the party.'" is acceptable in a report because it provides a direct quote from a person involved in the situation, adding credibility and supporting evidence to the report.