Science Exam: Ultimate Questions! Quiz

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  • 1/87 Questions

    Which of the following is not the structural class of steel? 

    • Low carbon
    • Stainless steel
    • Medium carbon steel
    • Tool and die steel
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About This Quiz

The 'Science Exam: Ultimate Questions! Quiz' assesses key concepts in materials science and mechanical engineering, including material properties like Poisson's ratio, stiffness, and strain, as well as practical applications such as types of steel and soldering materials. This quiz is essential for learners aiming to deepen their understanding of material behavior under various conditions.

Science Exam: Ultimate Questions! Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Galvanized iron is a term referring to iron coated with: 

    • Tin

    • Zinc

    • Magnesium

    • Aluminum

    Correct Answer
    A. Zinc
    Explanation
    Galvanized iron refers to iron that has been coated with zinc. This coating helps to protect the iron from corrosion and rust, as zinc is a highly resistant metal. The process of galvanization involves immersing the iron in a bath of molten zinc, allowing the zinc to bond with the iron surface. This creates a durable and long-lasting protective layer that helps to extend the lifespan of the iron. Therefore, zinc is the correct answer in this case.

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  • 3. 

    Which of the following is not structural class of steel? 

    • Low carbon steel

    • Tool and die steel

    • High chrome alloy steel

    • High strength low alloy steel

    Correct Answer
    A. Tool and die steel
    Explanation
    Tool and die steel is not a structural class of steel. It is a type of steel specifically designed for making tools and dies for manufacturing processes. Structural classes of steel, on the other hand, are used for constructing buildings, bridges, and other load-bearing structures. Low carbon steel, high chrome alloy steel, and high strength low alloy steel are examples of structural classes of steel that are commonly used in construction.

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  • 4. 

    The corrosion of iron or iron-based alloys:

    • Rusting

    • Crazing

    • Chalking

    • Fritting

    Correct Answer
    A. Rusting
    Explanation
    Rusting is the correct answer because it refers to the process of corrosion specifically for iron or iron-based alloys. When iron is exposed to oxygen and water, it undergoes a chemical reaction that forms iron oxide, commonly known as rust. This process weakens the iron and leads to the formation of a reddish-brown coating on the surface. Rusting is a common issue for iron objects and can cause structural damage if left untreated.

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  • 5. 

    In general, the design stress and factor of safety are related as follows: 

    • Design= ultimate stress divided by factor of safety

    • Design= ultimate stress times factor of safety

    • Ultimate= stress factor of safety divided by design stress

    • Factor of safety= design stress divided by ultimate stress

    Correct Answer
    A. Design= ultimate stress divided by factor of safety
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Design= ultimate stress divided by factor of safety". This equation is derived from the given relationship between design stress and factor of safety. According to the equation, the design stress is obtained by dividing the ultimate stress by the factor of safety. This means that the design stress is determined by considering the ultimate stress and applying a safety factor to ensure the structural integrity and reliability of the design.

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  • 6. 

    Possion’s ratio is the ratio of:

    • Shear strain to compressive strain

    • Elastic limit to compressive strain

    • Lateral strain to longitudinal limit

    • Elastic limit to proportional limit

    Correct Answer
    A. Lateral strain to longitudinal limit
    Explanation
    Poisson's ratio is a measure of the ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain in a material. It describes how a material deforms when subjected to an applied force. Lateral strain refers to the change in width or thickness of a material, while longitudinal strain refers to the change in length. The ratio between these two strains is known as Poisson's ratio and is a fundamental property of materials.

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  • 7. 

    The property of material that relates the lateral strain to longitudinal strain

    • Stress

    • Strain

    • Possion's ratio

    • Endurance

    Correct Answer
    A. Possion's ratio
    Explanation
    Poisson's ratio is a property of material that relates the lateral strain to the longitudinal strain. It is a measure of the ratio of the amount of transverse or lateral strain to the amount of longitudinal strain in a material. Poisson's ratio is important in determining the deformation behavior of materials under stress and is used in various engineering applications, such as in designing structures to withstand loads and in predicting material failure.

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  • 8. 

    A liquid metal: 

    • Mercury

    • Lead

    • Zinc

    • Aluminum

    Correct Answer
    A. Mercury
    Explanation
    Mercury is a liquid metal because it has a low melting point of -38.83 degrees Celsius (-37.89 degrees Fahrenheit). This allows it to exist in a liquid state at room temperature. Lead, zinc, and aluminum, on the other hand, have higher melting points and are solid at room temperature.

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  • 9. 

    What is a metal characteristic to withstand forces that cause twisting? 

    • Torsional strength

    • Modulus of elasticity

    • Twisting moment

    • Elasticity

    Correct Answer
    A. Torsional strength
    Explanation
    Torsional strength refers to a metal's ability to resist forces that cause twisting or torsion. It is a measure of the metal's ability to withstand rotational forces without deforming or breaking. This characteristic is important in applications where the metal is subjected to twisting or rotational forces, such as in shafts, gears, or springs. Torsional strength is different from modulus of elasticity, which measures a material's ability to deform under an applied force, and twisting moment, which refers to the force that causes the twisting. Elasticity, on the other hand, is a general property of materials that describes their ability to return to their original shape after being deformed.

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  • 10. 

    Ferrous metals contain a relatively large amount of:

    • Carbon

    • Manganese

    • Phosphorus

    • Sulfur

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbon
    Explanation
    Ferrous metals contain a relatively large amount of carbon. Carbon is an essential element in ferrous metals as it provides strength and hardness to the metal. The presence of carbon allows ferrous metals to be easily hardened and tempered, making them suitable for various applications. Additionally, carbon also improves the metal's ability to withstand wear and tear, making it more durable. Therefore, the high carbon content in ferrous metals is crucial for their mechanical properties and overall performance.

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  • 11. 

    A unit of deformation is called: 

    • Torsion

    • Strain

    • Stress

    • Shear

    Correct Answer
    A. Strain
    Explanation
    Strain is the correct answer because it refers to the unit of deformation. When an object undergoes deformation due to the application of a force, strain measures the amount of deformation that occurs. It quantifies how much an object has stretched or compressed compared to its original size. Torsion, stress, and shear are not units of deformation but rather describe different types or causes of deformation.

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  • 12. 

    Which of the following is not the structural class of steel? 

    • High speed steel

    • Tool and die

    • Low carbon

    • High carbon

    Correct Answer
    A. Tool and die
    Explanation
    The structural class of steel refers to the different types of steel used in construction and engineering applications. High speed steel, low carbon, and high carbon are all examples of structural classes of steel. However, "tool and die" is not a structural class of steel. Tool and die steel is a specific type of steel used in the manufacturing of tools, dies, and molds, but it is not classified as a structural steel.

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  • 13. 

    The property of a material that relates the lateral strain to longitudinal strain.

    • Stress

    • Strain

    • Possion's ratio

    • Endurance

    Correct Answer
    A. Possion's ratio
    Explanation
    Poisson's ratio is the property of a material that relates the lateral strain to the longitudinal strain. It is a measure of the deformation that occurs perpendicular to an applied force. Poisson's ratio is defined as the negative ratio of the transverse strain to the axial strain. It is an important parameter in materials science and engineering as it helps to understand how a material will deform under different types of stress.

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  • 14. 

    Copper and most of its alloys can be hardened by: 

    • Patenting

    • Cold working

    • Case hardening

    • Soaking

    Correct Answer
    A. Cold working
    Explanation
    Cold working is a process that involves deforming the metal at room temperature, such as through rolling or hammering. This causes the metal to become stronger and harder, as the dislocations in the crystal structure of the metal are increased. Copper and its alloys can be hardened through cold working because they have a face-centered cubic crystal structure, which allows for easy dislocation movement. Patenting, case hardening, and soaking are not methods typically used to harden copper and its alloys.

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  • 15. 

    In greater quantity, this element is harmful to the ferrous metal:

    • Sulfur

    • Silicon

    • Zinc

    • Aluminum

    Correct Answer
    A. Sulfur
    Explanation
    Sulfur is harmful to ferrous metal in greater quantities because it can react with iron to form iron sulfide, which weakens the metal's structure and makes it more prone to corrosion. This reaction can lead to the formation of rust and ultimately degrade the metal's integrity. Therefore, an increased presence of sulfur can be detrimental to ferrous metals.

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  • 16. 

    Commonly utilized/ cheapest shaft material available in the market with carbon content of 0.28 -0.34% C. 

    • SAE 4132

    • SAE 4320

    • SAE 1030

    • SAE 4130

    Correct Answer
    A. SAE 1030
    Explanation
    SAE 1030 is the correct answer because it is a commonly utilized and cheapest shaft material available in the market. It has a carbon content of 0.28-0.34% C, which falls within the given range.

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  • 17. 

    Strength of material that is of a stress intensity determined by considering the maximum test load to act over the original area of the test specimens: 

    • Yield point

    • Ultimate strength

    • Breaking strength

    • Elastic limit

    Correct Answer
    A. Ultimate strength
    Explanation
    The ultimate strength refers to the maximum stress that a material can withstand before it fails or breaks. It is determined by considering the maximum test load acting over the original area of the test specimen. This means that the ultimate strength is the highest stress intensity that the material can handle without experiencing permanent deformation or failure.

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  • 18. 

    The ability of metals to stand loads without breaking down is: 

    • Strain

    • Stress

    • Elasticity

    • Strength

    Correct Answer
    A. Strength
    Explanation
    Strength refers to the ability of a material, such as metals, to withstand loads and forces without breaking down. It is a measure of the material's resistance to deformation or failure under applied stress. In other words, strength determines how much stress a material can handle before it reaches its breaking point. This property is crucial in various applications, such as construction, engineering, and manufacturing, where materials need to withstand heavy loads and forces without failure.

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  • 19. 

    Which process does not belong to the group? 

    • Resistance welding

    • Soldering

    • Hardening

    • Brazing

    Correct Answer
    A. Hardening
    Explanation
    The process of hardening is different from the other three processes mentioned. Resistance welding, soldering, and brazing all involve joining or bonding materials together, while hardening is a heat treatment process used to increase the hardness and strength of a material. Therefore, hardening does not belong to the group of processes that involve joining or bonding materials.

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  • 20. 

    The following pertain to joining of metals except: 

    • Welding

    • Soldering

    • Casting

    • Brazing

    Correct Answer
    A. Casting
    Explanation
    Casting is the process of pouring molten metal into a mold to create a solid object. It involves melting and shaping the metal, but it does not involve joining separate pieces of metal together. Welding, soldering, and brazing, on the other hand, all involve joining separate pieces of metal together. Welding involves melting the edges of the metal pieces and fusing them together, soldering involves melting a filler metal to join the pieces, and brazing involves heating the metal pieces and using a filler metal with a lower melting point to join them.

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  • 21. 

    Metals are conductive because:

    • The electronics are loosely bounded to the nuclei therefore mobile

    • Having characteristics metallic luster

    • They are on the left side of the periodic table

    • They have an extra electrons as exhibited normally possible balance state

    Correct Answer
    A. The electronics are loosely bounded to the nuclei therefore mobile
    Explanation
    Metals are conductive because the electrons in their outer energy levels are not tightly bound to the nuclei of their atoms. This allows the electrons to move freely within the metal, creating a flow of electric charge. This mobility of electrons is what makes metals good conductors of electricity.

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  • 22. 

    That property of matter which causes it to resist any change in its motion or state of rest: 

    • Brake

    • Friction

    • Inertia

    • Impulse

    Correct Answer
    A. Inertia
    Explanation
    Inertia is the property of matter that causes it to resist any change in its motion or state of rest. It is the tendency of an object to maintain its current state unless acted upon by an external force. This means that an object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will continue moving at a constant velocity, unless a force is applied to change its state. Inertia is a fundamental concept in physics and is related to the mass of an object. The greater the mass, the greater the inertia.

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  • 23. 

    The property that characterizes a material ability to be drawn into wire:

    • Ductility

    • Thermal conductivity

    • Tensile strength

    • Endurance limit

    Correct Answer
    A. Ductility
    Explanation
    Ductility is the property that characterizes a material's ability to be drawn into wire. This means that the material can be stretched and deformed without breaking, allowing it to be formed into thin wires. Thermal conductivity refers to a material's ability to conduct heat, tensile strength refers to its ability to withstand tension, and endurance limit refers to the maximum stress level that a material can endure without breaking.

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  • 24. 

    The capacity of metal to withstand load without breaking is:

    • Strength

    • Stress

    • Elasticity

    • Strain

    Correct Answer
    A. Strength
    Explanation
    Strength is the correct answer because it refers to the capacity of a metal to withstand load without breaking. It is a measure of the material's ability to resist deformation or failure under applied forces or loads. Strength is an important property in engineering and structural design, as it ensures the structural integrity and safety of the metal component. Stress, elasticity, and strain are related concepts, but they do not specifically address the metal's ability to withstand load without breaking.

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  • 25. 

    The maximum stress which is reached during tension test: 

    • Stress

    • Elasticity

    • Strain

    • Tensile strength

    Correct Answer
    A. Tensile strength
    Explanation
    The maximum stress reached during a tension test is referred to as the tensile strength. Tensile strength is a measure of the material's ability to withstand pulling forces without breaking. It represents the maximum amount of stress the material can handle before it fails under tension. This property is important in determining the suitability of a material for applications where it will be subjected to stretching or pulling forces.

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  • 26. 

    The area in the machine shop whose metal is being melted to a new shape is the: 

    • Foundry area

    • Tool and die

    • Welding area

    • Mass production area

    Correct Answer
    A. Foundry area
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Foundry area. The foundry area in a machine shop is where metal is melted and shaped into a new form. It is where the process of casting takes place, which involves pouring molten metal into a mold to create a specific shape. This area is specifically dedicated to the melting and casting of metals, making it the appropriate choice for the given question.

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  • 27. 

    Which of the following is not a strength property of metals?

    • Tensile

    • Rocking strength

    • Fatigue

    • Torsional strength

    Correct Answer
    A. Rocking strength
    Explanation
    Rocking strength is not a strength property of metals. Tensile strength refers to the ability of a material to withstand tension or stretching forces. Fatigue strength is the ability of a material to resist damage under cyclic loading. Torsional strength is the ability of a material to resist twisting or torsion forces. However, rocking strength is not a commonly recognized strength property of metals.

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  • 28. 

    Major component of bronze casting:

    • Copper

    • Manganese

    • Zinc

    • Lead

    Correct Answer
    A. Copper
    Explanation
    Bronze is an alloy that is primarily composed of copper. Copper is the major component of bronze casting because it provides the base metal for the alloy. Other elements like zinc and manganese are often added to bronze to enhance its properties, such as improving its strength or corrosion resistance. However, copper remains the main component in bronze casting.

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  • 29. 

    Killed steel is very much associated with: 

    • Manganese

    • Sulfur

    • Phosphorus

    • Silicon

    Correct Answer
    A. Silicon
    Explanation
    Killed steel is a type of steel that has been deoxidized with the addition of silicon. Silicon is added to the steel during the manufacturing process to remove any oxygen present, which helps improve the steel's properties. This process also helps to reduce the formation of undesirable impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus. Therefore, silicon is closely associated with killed steel.

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  • 30. 

    Cold working of steel plates make the metal:

    • Tougher

    • More ductile

    • Harder

    • More malleable

    Correct Answer
    A. Harder
    Explanation
    Cold working of steel plates involves subjecting the metal to mechanical stress at temperatures below its recrystallization point. This process causes the grains of the metal to deform and align, resulting in an increase in hardness. Therefore, the correct answer is harder.

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  • 31. 

    Which of the following is not a kind of cast iron?

    • Gray iron

    • White iron

    • Malleable iron

    • Lead iron

    Correct Answer
    A. Lead iron
    Explanation
    Lead iron is not a kind of cast iron. Cast iron is typically categorized into different types based on its composition and properties. Gray iron, white iron, and malleable iron are all types of cast iron that are commonly used in various industries. However, lead iron is not a recognized type of cast iron. It is possible that the term "lead iron" is a mistake or a misnomer, as lead is not typically used as an alloying element in the production of cast iron.

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  • 32. 

    The ability of material or metal to resist being crushed.

    • Fatigue strength

    • Bending strength

    • Torsional strength

    • Compressive strength

    Correct Answer
    A. Compressive strength
    Explanation
    Compressive strength refers to the ability of a material or metal to resist being crushed. This means that it can withstand external forces or loads that are applied in a direction towards its center, without undergoing significant deformation or failure. Fatigue strength, bending strength, and torsional strength are all different types of strength properties that measure a material's resistance to specific types of loads or forces, but they do not specifically measure its ability to resist being crushed. Therefore, compressive strength is the correct answer in this case.

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  • 33. 

    The good deoxidizer in steel melting:

    • Manganese

    • Silicon

    • All of these

    • Aluminum

    Correct Answer
    A. All of these
    Explanation
    All of these options (manganese, silicon, and aluminum) are good deoxidizers in steel melting. Deoxidizers are added to remove oxygen from the steel, preventing the formation of unwanted oxides. Manganese reacts with oxygen to form manganese oxide, silicon reacts to form silicon oxide, and aluminum reacts to form aluminum oxide. By adding these deoxidizers, the steel can be purified and have improved mechanical properties. Therefore, all of these options are correct.

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  • 34. 

    Good stabilizer in stainless steel: 

    • Columbium

    • Titanium

    • All of these

    • Aluminum

    Correct Answer
    A. All of these
    Explanation
    All of these elements, columbium, titanium, and aluminum, are good stabilizers in stainless steel. These elements help to prevent the formation of harmful carbides during the heating and cooling processes involved in stainless steel production. By stabilizing the steel, they improve its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, making it more durable and suitable for various applications.

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  • 35. 

    The gradual chemical reaction by other substance such that metal is converted to an oxide or other compounds: 

    • Corrosion

    • Cheaping

    • Rusting

    • Weathering

    Correct Answer
    A. Corrosion
    Explanation
    Corrosion refers to the gradual chemical reaction that occurs when a metal reacts with other substances, resulting in the conversion of the metal into an oxide or other compounds. This process is commonly observed in metals exposed to moisture or certain chemicals, leading to the formation of rust or other corrosion products.

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  • 36. 

    Galvanized steel plate is a plate coated with:

    • Aluminum

    • Tin

    • Zinc

    • Manganese

    Correct Answer
    A. Zinc
    Explanation
    Galvanized steel plate is coated with zinc. This coating provides protection against corrosion and extends the lifespan of the steel plate. Zinc is commonly used for galvanization due to its excellent corrosion resistance properties. It forms a protective layer on the steel surface, preventing the underlying metal from coming into contact with moisture and oxygen, which are key factors in causing rust. Zinc-coated steel plates are widely used in various industries, including construction, automotive, and manufacturing, due to their durability and resistance to corrosion.

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  • 37. 

    The ration of stress to the corresponding strain below the proportional limit: 

    • Stress- strain diagram

    • Gage method

    • Modulus of elasticity

    • Tensile strength

    Correct Answer
    A. Modulus of elasticity
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Modulus of elasticity." The modulus of elasticity is a measure of a material's stiffness and is defined as the ratio of stress to strain within the elastic region of a material's stress-strain curve. It represents how much a material will deform under a given amount of stress. The other options, such as the gage method and tensile strength, do not directly relate to the ratio of stress to strain below the proportional limit.

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  • 38. 

    What process does not belong to the group? 

    • Brazing

    • Soldering

    • Hardening

    • Resistance welding

    Correct Answer
    A. Hardening
    Explanation
    Hardening is the only process in the group that does not involve joining or bonding of materials. Brazing, soldering, and resistance welding all involve joining or bonding materials together using heat or pressure. Hardening, on the other hand, is a process used to increase the strength or durability of a material by heat treatment or other methods. Therefore, hardening does not belong to the group of processes that involve joining or bonding materials.

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  • 39. 

    The machine which can flatten surface on a horizontal, vertical, or angular plane: 

    • Drilling machine

    • Shaper machine

    • Power saw

    • Lathe machine

    Correct Answer
    A. Shaper machine
    Explanation
    A shaper machine is capable of flattening surfaces on a horizontal, vertical, or angular plane. It uses a cutting tool that moves in a reciprocating motion to remove material and create a flat surface. This machine is commonly used for shaping and finishing metal or wood surfaces. A drilling machine is used for creating holes, a power saw is used for cutting materials, and a lathe machine is used for shaping and turning cylindrical objects. Therefore, the shaper machine is the correct answer for the given question.

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  • 40. 

    Ferrous metals contain relatively large amount of: 

    • Manganese

    • Carbon

    • Sulfur

    • Magnetite

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbon
    Explanation
    Ferrous metals contain a relatively large amount of carbon. Carbon is a common alloying element in ferrous metals, such as steel, which enhances their mechanical properties. The addition of carbon increases the hardness, strength, and wear resistance of ferrous metals, making them suitable for various applications in industries like construction, automotive, and manufacturing. Carbon also improves the machinability and heat-treatability of ferrous metals, allowing for easier shaping and customization of the material's properties.

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  • 41. 

    The changes in shape or geometry of the body due to action of a force on it, is called deformation or _____

    • Sheer stresses

    • Stresses

    • Compressive stress

    • Strain

    Correct Answer
    A. Strain
    Explanation
    Deformation refers to the changes in shape or geometry of a body caused by the application of a force. Strain is a measure of this deformation, indicating the extent to which the body has been distorted or stretched. It is a measure of the relative change in shape or size of the body due to the applied force. Therefore, strain is the correct term to describe the changes in shape or geometry of a body caused by the action of a force.

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  • 42. 

    All are associated with the grade of steel except:

    • SAE 43XX

    • SAE 13 XX

    • SAE10XX

    • SAE 74XX

    Correct Answer
    A. SAE 74XX
    Explanation
    The given options are all associated with the grade of steel except SAE 74XX. The other options, SAE 43XX, SAE 13 XX, and SAE 10XX, are all examples of steel grade designations. The SAE 74XX is not a recognized steel grade designation, making it the correct answer.

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  • 43. 

    For a high corrosion resistant stainless steel, what minimum chromium content is required? 

    • 8%

    • 4.3%

    • 1.1%

    • 5.8%

    Correct Answer
    A. 8%
    Explanation
    A minimum chromium content of 8% is required for a high corrosion resistant stainless steel. Chromium is a key element in stainless steel that provides corrosion resistance by forming a passive oxide layer on the surface of the steel. The higher the chromium content, the better the corrosion resistance. Therefore, a minimum of 8% chromium ensures that the stainless steel has a high level of corrosion resistance.

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  • 44. 

    What is the difference between brass and bronze?

    • Brass is composed of copper and zinc while bronze is composed of copper and tin

    • Brass is composed of copper and zinc while bronze is basically copper and tin plus non-ferrous alloy such as manganese, aluminum, chromium

    • Bronze is reddish in color while brass is a mixture of copper and antimony

    • Bronze is mostly an alloy of copper and tin while brass is a mixture of copper and antimony

    Correct Answer
    A. Brass is composed of copper and zinc while bronze is composed of copper and tin
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that brass is composed of copper and zinc, while bronze is composed of copper and tin. This explanation accurately describes the main difference between brass and bronze, which is the composition of the two alloys. Brass is a combination of copper and zinc, while bronze is a combination of copper and tin.

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  • 45. 

    Killed steel is always associated with

    • Silicon

    • Manganese

    • Phosphorus

    • Sulfur

    Correct Answer
    A. Silicon
    Explanation
    Killed steel is a type of steel that has been deoxidized using elements such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus, or sulfur. These elements help to remove oxygen and other impurities from the steel during the manufacturing process, resulting in a more uniform and refined steel product. Therefore, the correct answer is silicon, as it is one of the elements commonly used in the production of killed steel.

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  • 46. 

    Metal that assists the lubrication or lubricant itself: 

    • Zinc

    • Antimony

    • Babbit

    • Lead

    Correct Answer
    A. Babbit
    Explanation
    Babbit is a type of metal alloy that is commonly used as a bearing material in machinery. It has excellent lubricating properties, which means it can assist in the lubrication process or even act as a lubricant itself. Babbit alloys typically consist of tin, copper, and antimony, which provide low friction and wear resistance. This makes babbit an ideal choice for applications where lubrication is crucial, such as in engine bearings, bushings, and other rotating parts.

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  • 47. 

    Stainless steel is obtained principally by the use of which alloying element: 

    • Chromium

    • Nickel

    • Carbon

    • Tungsten

    Correct Answer
    A. Chromium
    Explanation
    Stainless steel is obtained principally by the use of chromium as an alloying element. Chromium is added to steel in varying amounts to enhance its corrosion resistance and durability. It forms a thin, protective oxide layer on the surface of the steel, preventing it from rusting or staining. Additionally, chromium also improves the steel's heat resistance, strength, and hardness. Nickel is sometimes added to stainless steel as well, but chromium is the primary alloying element responsible for its stainless properties. Carbon and tungsten are not typically used as alloying elements in stainless steel production.

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  • 48. 

    It is considered a semi-solid lubricant.

    • All of these

    • Lube oil

    • Graphite

    • Grease

    Correct Answer
    A. Grease
    Explanation
    Grease is considered a semi-solid lubricant because it is a mixture of oil and a thickening agent, usually a soap or a metallic soap. This combination creates a semi-solid consistency that allows the grease to adhere to surfaces and provide lubrication. Grease is commonly used in applications where high viscosity and resistance to water and contaminants are required. Therefore, it can be categorized as a semi-solid lubricant along with lube oil and graphite.

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  • 49. 

    The ability of metal to be deformed considerably without rapture is called: 

    • Plasticity

    • All of these

    • Ductility

    • Malleability

    Correct Answer
    A. Plasticity
    Explanation
    Plasticity refers to the property of a material, specifically metal in this case, to undergo significant deformation without rupturing or breaking. It is the ability of a metal to change shape permanently under applied stress without losing its integrity. This property is highly desirable in engineering and manufacturing processes as it allows for the shaping and forming of metals into various desired shapes and structures. Ductility and malleability are related properties but specifically refer to the ability of a metal to be stretched or hammered into thin sheets respectively. Therefore, plasticity encompasses both ductility and malleability, making "plasticity" the correct answer.

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