Microbiology Lab Exam #2
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
An enzyme that breaks down starch into smaller units
- A.
Decarboxylase
- B.
Amalyse
- C.
Lipase
- D.
Proteinase
Correct Answer
B. AmalyseExplanation
Amylase is the correct answer because it is an enzyme that specifically breaks down starch into smaller units. Starch is a complex carbohydrate made up of long chains of glucose molecules, and amylase helps to break these chains into smaller, more easily digestible units such as maltose and glucose. This process is important for the digestion of starch in the body, allowing it to be absorbed and used for energy. Decarboxylase, lipase, and proteinase are enzymes that have different functions and do not play a role in starch digestion.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Caseinase (proteinase) breaks down
- A.
Gelatin
- B.
Starch
- C.
Fats
- D.
Milk protein
Correct Answer
D. Milk proteinExplanation
Caseinase, also known as proteinase, is an enzyme that specifically breaks down milk protein, which is primarily composed of casein. This enzyme is capable of hydrolyzing the peptide bonds in casein, resulting in the breakdown of the milk protein into smaller peptides and amino acids. Gelatin, starch, and fats are not targeted by caseinase, and therefore, they are not affected by its action.Rate this question:
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- 3.
In the carbohydrate tests phenolred broth base was used with the appropriate carb if the indicator turned yellow
- A.
Gas is produced
- B.
Acid is produced
- C.
Base is produced
- D.
Reduction has taken place
Correct Answer
B. Acid is producedExplanation
In the carbohydrate tests, phenol red broth base is used with the appropriate carb. If the indicator turns yellow, it indicates that acid is produced. This means that the carbohydrate has been fermented by the microorganism, resulting in the production of acidic byproducts.Rate this question:
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- 4.
An enzyme breaks down fat into smaller units is
- A.
Lipase
- B.
Decarbxylase
- C.
Amylase
- D.
Proteinase
Correct Answer
A. LipaseExplanation
Lipase is the correct answer because it is an enzyme that specifically breaks down fats into smaller units called fatty acids and glycerol. This process is known as lipolysis. Lipase is produced by the pancreas and is essential for the digestion and absorption of dietary fats in the small intestine. Without lipase, fats would not be properly broken down and absorbed, leading to digestive issues and nutrient deficiencies.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The following equation indicate the enzyme which facilitate the reaction2H2 O2-----------------> 2H2O + O2hydrogen peroxide water free oxygen
- A.
Protease
- B.
Lipase
- C.
Catalase
- D.
Urease
Correct Answer
C. CatalaseExplanation
The correct answer is catalase. Catalase is an enzyme that facilitates the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. In the given equation, 2 molecules of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) react to form 2 molecules of water (H2O) and 1 molecule of oxygen (O2). Catalase speeds up this reaction by lowering the activation energy required for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Trypanosoma gambiense belongs to class
- A.
Sacodina
- B.
Mastigophora
- C.
Probobozoan
Correct Answer
B. MastigophoraExplanation
Trypanosoma gambiense belongs to the class Mastigophora.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Medium best suitable for the cultivation of a wide variety of fungal types would be
- A.
Sab- Dex
- B.
TSA
- C.
TSE
- D.
EMB
Correct Answer
A. Sab- DexExplanation
Sab- Dex is the best medium suitable for the cultivation of a wide variety of fungal types. Sab- Dex is a selective medium that contains nutrients to support the growth of fungi and inhibitory agents to prevent the growth of bacteria. It is commonly used in clinical laboratories for the isolation and identification of dermatophytes and other pathogenic fungi. The medium's composition and inhibitory properties make it ideal for promoting fungal growth while suppressing the growth of unwanted contaminants.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Fungi best grow at
- A.
37
- B.
20- 25
- C.
40
- D.
4
Correct Answer
B. 20- 25Explanation
Fungi best grow at temperatures ranging from 20 to 25 degrees Celsius. This temperature range provides the ideal conditions for fungal growth and reproduction. Temperatures below 20 degrees Celsius may slow down the growth of fungi, while temperatures above 25 degrees Celsius can inhibit their growth or even kill them. Therefore, the optimal temperature range of 20-25 degrees Celsius is crucial for the successful development and proliferation of fungi.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Common black bread mold is
- A.
Penicillin
- B.
Mucor
- C.
Rhizopus
- D.
Aspergillus
Correct Answer
C. RhizopusExplanation
Rhizopus is the correct answer because it is a common black bread mold. Rhizopus is a type of fungus that is often found on bread and other food items. It is characterized by its black color and fuzzy appearance. This mold can grow rapidly in moist and warm conditions, making it a common problem in households and bakeries. Rhizopus can also cause food spoilage and is known to produce harmful toxins. Therefore, it is important to prevent its growth by keeping food items properly stored and maintaining good hygiene practices.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following stages of malarial parasite are found in mosquito?
- A.
Merozoite
- B.
Sporoite
- C.
Ringworm
- D.
Mature trophozoite
Correct Answer
B. SporoiteExplanation
The correct answer is sporoite. Sporozoites are the infective stage of the malarial parasite that are found in mosquitoes. After being transmitted to a human host through a mosquito bite, sporozoites travel to the liver where they multiply and develop into merozoites, which then infect red blood cells. Therefore, the merozoite stage is found in the human host, not in the mosquito. Ringworm is a fungal infection unrelated to malaria. Mature trophozoite is a stage of the malarial parasite that occurs within red blood cells in the human host.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which media is most suitable for detecting H2S production?
- A.
TSA
- B.
EMB
- C.
SIM
- D.
Sab- Dex
Correct Answer
C. SIMExplanation
SIM (Sulfide Indole Motility) is the most suitable media for detecting H2S (hydrogen sulfide) production. SIM contains iron and sulfur compounds that react with H2S to produce a black precipitate, indicating the presence of H2S production. TSA (Tryptic Soy Agar), EMB (Eosin Methylene Blue Agar), and Sab-Dex (Sabouraud Dextrose Agar) are not specifically designed for detecting H2S production and may not provide accurate results.Rate this question:
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- 12.
In the nitrate reduction test a negative test for nitrite indicates
- A.
The nitrite is present
- B.
Nitrate has remained unchanged
- C.
Nitrite has been converted to ammonia and free nitrogen
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Nitrate has remained unchangedExplanation
A negative test for nitrite in the nitrate reduction test indicates that nitrate has remained unchanged. This means that there has been no conversion of nitrite to ammonia and free nitrogen.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The catalase test is particularly useful in distinguishing
- A.
Bacillus & clostridium
- B.
Salmonella & shiaella
- C.
Streptococaceae & staphylococci
- D.
Serratia & pseudomonas
Correct Answer
C. Streptococaceae & staphylococciExplanation
The catalase test is particularly useful in distinguishing between streptococaceae and staphylococci. This test is based on the presence of the enzyme catalase, which breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. Staphylococci produce catalase and will produce bubbles of oxygen when hydrogen peroxide is added to their colonies. On the other hand, streptococaceae do not produce catalase and will not produce bubbles. Therefore, the catalase test can be used to differentiate between these two groups of bacteria.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Oxidase test aids in differentiation among membrane of the following genera
- A.
Pseudomonas
- B.
Neisseria
- C.
Salmonella
- D.
A & b
Correct Answer
D. A & bExplanation
The oxidase test helps to differentiate between the membranes of Pseudomonas and Neisseria genera. This test is based on the presence of the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase, which is found in the respiratory chain of these bacteria. Salmonella, on the other hand, does not possess this enzyme. Therefore, the correct answer is a & b, which refers to Pseudomonas and Neisseria.Rate this question:
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- 15.
African sleeping sickness is cause by
- A.
Bacterium
- B.
Fungus
- C.
Algae
- D.
Protozoan
Correct Answer
D. ProtozoanExplanation
African sleeping sickness is caused by a protozoan. Protozoa are single-celled organisms that can cause various diseases in humans. In the case of African sleeping sickness, the protozoan responsible is called Trypanosoma brucei. This parasite is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected tsetse flies. Once inside the human body, the protozoan can invade the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Therefore, the correct answer is protozoan.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following are not closely related?
- A.
Amoebic dysentery
- B.
African sleeping sickness
- C.
Giardiassis
- D.
Dengue fever
Correct Answer
D. Dengue feverExplanation
Amoebic dysentery, African sleeping sickness, and giardiasis are all caused by parasites and are transmitted through contaminated food, water, or insect bites. Dengue fever, on the other hand, is caused by a virus transmitted by mosquitoes. While all these diseases can cause similar symptoms such as fever, diarrhea, and fatigue, dengue fever is not closely related to the other three as it is caused by a different type of pathogen and transmitted through a different vector.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Measurement of antibiotic resistance is done by measuring the diameter around a disc is called
- A.
Zone of alpha hemolysis
- B.
Zone of beta hemolysis
- C.
Zone of inhibition
- D.
Zone of gamma hemolysis
Correct Answer
C. Zone of inhibitionExplanation
The measurement of antibiotic resistance is done by measuring the diameter around a disc, which is called the "zone of inhibition." This zone indicates the area where the antibiotic has prevented the growth of bacteria. The larger the zone of inhibition, the more effective the antibiotic is against the bacteria. This measurement is commonly used in laboratory testing to determine the susceptibility of bacteria to different antibiotics.Rate this question:
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- 18.
When using a disinfectant or antiseptic its best to keep in mind that the efficiency influenced by several factors including
- A.
Concentration
- B.
Length of exposure
- C.
Environmental conditions
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The efficiency of a disinfectant or antiseptic is influenced by several factors, including concentration, length of exposure, and environmental conditions. Concentration refers to the strength or amount of the disinfectant or antiseptic used, and a higher concentration is generally more effective. The length of exposure refers to the amount of time the disinfectant or antiseptic is in contact with the target surface or organism, with longer exposure times typically leading to better results. Environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity, can also impact the effectiveness of the disinfectant or antiseptic. Therefore, all of these factors play a role in determining the efficiency of the disinfectant or antiseptic.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Normal flora of the mouth or throat would include all BUT one of the following
- A.
Myobacterium tuberculosis
- B.
Streptococcus mutants
- C.
Lactobacillus acidphilus
- D.
Neisseria sap
Correct Answer
A. Myobacterium tuberculosisExplanation
The normal flora of the mouth or throat refers to the microorganisms that naturally reside in these areas without causing harm. Myobacterium tuberculosis, which causes tuberculosis, is not a part of the normal flora. Streptococcus mutants, lactobacillus acidophilus, and neisseria sap are all commonly found in the mouth or throat as part of the normal flora.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following conditions is not associated with staphylococcus aureus
- A.
Boils
- B.
Carbuncles
- C.
Impetigo
- D.
Valley fever
Correct Answer
D. Valley feverExplanation
Valley fever is not associated with Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium that can cause various infections, including boils, carbuncles, and impetigo. Valley fever, on the other hand, is a fungal infection caused by inhaling spores of the fungus Coccidioides species. It primarily affects the lungs and can cause symptoms such as fever, cough, and fatigue. Therefore, valley fever is unrelated to Staphylococcus aureus.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following test would best distinguish between staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermis?
- A.
Catalase test
- B.
Imvic series
- C.
Nitrate reduction
- D.
Coagulase test
Correct Answer
D. Coagulase testExplanation
The coagulase test would best distinguish between Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis. This test detects the presence of the coagulase enzyme, which is produced by S. aureus but not by S. epidermis. The coagulase enzyme causes the plasma in the test tube to clot, indicating a positive result for S. aureus. This test is important because S. aureus is a more pathogenic species compared to S. epidermis, and the ability to differentiate between them is crucial for appropriate treatment and infection control measures.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which test will most effectively separate the hemolytic group a streptococci aureus from group b through n
- A.
Bactitracin
- B.
Camp test
- C.
Bile esculin test
- D.
6.5 nacl medium
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
All of the above tests can effectively separate the hemolytic group A Streptococci aureus from group B through N. The bactitracin test is used to differentiate between group A and other beta-hemolytic streptococci. The camp test is used to identify group B Streptococci by detecting the presence of a hemolysin. The bile esculin test is used to differentiate group D Streptococci from other streptococci. The 6.5% NaCl medium is used to selectively isolate group D Streptococci from other streptococci. Therefore, all of these tests are effective in separating the different groups of streptococci.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Beta hemolysis of red blood cells is
- A.
Partial
- B.
Complete
- C.
Associated & pathogen-city
- D.
A & c
Correct Answer
B. CompleteExplanation
Beta hemolysis of red blood cells refers to the complete lysis or destruction of red blood cells. This means that the red blood cells are completely broken down, leading to the release of hemoglobin and a clear zone around the bacterial colony on a blood agar plate. This is in contrast to alpha hemolysis, which refers to partial lysis of red blood cells, and gamma hemolysis, which refers to no lysis of red blood cells. Therefore, the correct answer is "complete".Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which of the following media is most suitable for the cultivation of gram positive cocci
- A.
Mcconkeys
- B.
Blood or rose agar
- C.
Sab-dex agar
- D.
A & b
Correct Answer
B. Blood or rose agarExplanation
Blood or rose agar is the most suitable media for the cultivation of gram positive cocci because it provides the necessary nutrients and conditions for their growth. Gram positive cocci are bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain during the Gram staining process, indicating that they have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell wall. Blood or rose agar contains nutrients like amino acids, vitamins, and carbohydrates that support the growth of these bacteria. Additionally, the agar provides a solid surface for the bacteria to grow on and the blood or rose components can enhance their growth and differentiation.Rate this question:
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- 25.
All of the following cause a form of dysentery: entamoeba histolyca, balantidivm coli, giardia lambdia and trypanosoma gambiense
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because not all of the mentioned organisms cause dysentery. While Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia are known to cause dysentery, Balantidium coli and Trypanosoma gambiense do not cause this condition. Therefore, the correct answer is false.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Merozoites form in the liver and erythrocytes of humans infected with malaria
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Merozoites are a stage in the life cycle of the malaria parasite. They are formed in the liver and then released into the bloodstream, where they invade and multiply within red blood cells (erythrocytes). This process is a crucial step in the development and spread of malaria within the human body. Therefore, the statement that merozoites form in the liver and erythrocytes of humans infected with malaria is true.Rate this question:
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- 27.
In the malarial parasite the process of fertilization takes place in the lumen of the mosquitos gut
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
In the malarial parasite, fertilization occurs in the lumen of the mosquito's gut. This means that when a mosquito infected with the malarial parasite bites a human, the parasite is transferred to the human's bloodstream. Inside the mosquito's gut, male and female gametes of the parasite fuse to form a zygote, which then develops into sporozoites. These sporozoites migrate to the mosquito's salivary glands and can be transmitted to another human when the mosquito bites again. Therefore, the statement "True" is correct.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The chills and fever symptoms of malaria are associated with the release of humerous merozoites into the bloodstream
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The chills and fever symptoms of malaria are caused by the release of merozoites into the bloodstream. Merozoites are a stage in the life cycle of the malaria parasite, and when they are released, they invade red blood cells, leading to the characteristic symptoms of the disease. This is why the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 29.
The definitive host in the malarial parasite life cycle is man
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
In the malarial parasite life cycle, the definitive host refers to the organism in which the parasite reaches sexual maturity and reproduces. While humans can be infected by the malarial parasite and act as intermediate hosts, the definitive host for most species of the parasite is the female Anopheles mosquito. Therefore, the given statement that the definitive host in the malarial parasite life cycle is man is incorrect.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The nutrients used by bacteria are determined by their genetics and the enzymes they can produce
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Bacteria obtain nutrients based on their genetics and the enzymes they can produce. This means that the specific nutrients a bacteria can utilize are determined by its genetic makeup and its ability to produce the necessary enzymes to break down and utilize those nutrients. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The term substrate can be defined as the molecule that an enzyme is able to act on
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because a substrate is indeed the molecule that an enzyme acts upon. Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by binding to specific molecules, known as substrates, and converting them into products. The enzyme's active site interacts with the substrate, facilitating the reaction and allowing it to occur more efficiently. Therefore, the term "substrate" accurately describes the molecule that an enzyme can act on.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The red color always indicates a positive test for nitrate when the correct reagents are added
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The explanation for the given answer is that the statement is incorrect. The red color does not always indicate a positive test for nitrate when the correct reagents are added. The color change in a nitrate test depends on the specific reagents used and the concentration of nitrate present. Different reagents can produce different colors, and the intensity of the color can vary depending on the concentration of nitrate. Therefore, it is not accurate to say that the red color always indicates a positive test for nitrate.Rate this question:
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- 33.
The IMVic series is a sense of tests used to identify enteric bacilli
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The IMVic series is a set of tests used to identify enteric bacilli. These tests include Indole, Methyl Red, Voges-Proskauer, and Citrate utilization tests. By performing these tests, microbiologists can determine the presence of certain enzymes and metabolic pathways in the bacteria, which helps in identifying the specific species or group of enteric bacilli. Therefore, the statement "the IMVic series is a sense of tests used to identify enteric bacilli" is true.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Proteolysis means digestion of protein
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Proteolysis refers to the process of breaking down proteins into smaller peptides or individual amino acids. This process is essential for various biological functions such as digestion, cellular turnover, and regulation of protein activity. Therefore, the statement "proteolysis means digestion of protein" is true, as it accurately describes the process of protein breakdown.Rate this question:
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- 35.
A positive test for H2S production in the most media is manifested as a cerise or magenta colored precipitate
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
A positive test for H2S production in the most media is not manifested as a cerise or magenta colored precipitate.Rate this question:
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- 36.
If a lactose non-fermenting gram-negative rod produces a positive test for urea hydrolysis it is most probably the genus proteus
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A lactose non-fermenting gram-negative rod that produces a positive test for urea hydrolysis is most likely to be the genus Proteus. This is because Proteus species are known to be lactose non-fermenters and are capable of hydrolyzing urea, producing a positive result in the urea hydrolysis test. Therefore, the correct answer is True.Rate this question:
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- 37.
TSI agar and SIM medium are used solely to detect H2S production
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
TSI agar and SIM medium are not solely used to detect H2S production. TSI agar is a differential medium used to detect the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as well as the fermentation of sugars and the production of gas. SIM medium is also used to detect H2S production, but it is also used to detect motility and indole production. Therefore, the statement "TSI agar and SIM medium are used solely to detect H2S production" is false.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Barritts reagent is added to a culture to test for the presence of acetyl methyl carbinol
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Barritts reagent is a commonly used chemical test to detect the presence of acetyl methyl carbinol (acetoin) in a culture. Acetyl methyl carbinol is a metabolic byproduct produced by certain bacteria during the fermentation process. When Barritts reagent is added to a culture, it reacts with acetyl methyl carbinol to produce a red color, indicating a positive result for its presence. Therefore, the statement "True" is correct, as adding Barritts reagent to a culture is indeed used to test for the presence of acetyl methyl carbinol.Rate this question:
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- 39.
A color change of inoculated simmons citrate agar from green to blue constitutes a positive test for citrate utilization
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A color change from green to blue in the inoculated Simmons citrate agar indicates a positive test for citrate utilization. This means that the organism being tested is capable of using citrate as a carbon source for growth. The change in color is due to the production of alkaline byproducts during citrate metabolism, which causes the pH indicator in the agar to shift from green to blue. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Enrichment media contain nutrients that greatly encourage the growth of some organisms
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Enrichment media are specifically designed to provide optimal conditions for the growth and multiplication of certain organisms. These media contain a rich supply of essential nutrients that support the metabolic needs of these organisms, allowing them to flourish. By creating an environment that is highly favorable for the growth of specific organisms, enrichment media facilitate their isolation and identification in laboratory settings. Therefore, it is correct to say that enrichment media contain nutrients that greatly encourage the growth of some organisms.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Some media such as mannitol salt agar can be both selective and differential
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Mannitol salt agar is a type of agar that is commonly used in microbiology to culture and identify bacteria. It is both selective and differential because it contains a high concentration of salt, which inhibits the growth of most bacteria except for those that can tolerate salt. Additionally, it contains mannitol, a type of sugar that can be fermented by certain bacteria. The fermentation of mannitol leads to a change in the pH of the agar, causing it to turn yellow. This allows for the differentiation of bacteria based on their ability to ferment mannitol. Therefore, mannitol salt agar is both selective, as it only allows certain bacteria to grow, and differential, as it allows for the differentiation of bacteria based on their metabolic capabilities.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Intestinal pathogens in the family enterobacteriaceae are gram positive rods
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement in the question is incorrect. Intestinal pathogens in the family Enterobacteriaceae are actually gram-negative rods, not gram-positive rods. Enterobacteriaceae is a family of bacteria that includes well-known pathogens like Escherichia coli and Salmonella. These bacteria are characterized by their ability to ferment glucose and produce acid and gas. Additionally, they possess a lipopolysaccharide outer membrane, which is a characteristic feature of gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, the correct answer is false.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Coagulase is an enzyme produced by staphylococcus epidermis
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement "coagulase is an enzyme produced by Staphylococcus epidermis" is false. Coagulase is actually an enzyme produced by Staphylococcus aureus, not Staphylococcus epidermis. Staphylococcus aureus is a type of bacteria that can cause various infections in humans, including skin infections, pneumonia, and bloodstream infections. Coagulase is an important virulence factor produced by Staphylococcus aureus, which helps the bacteria to form clots and evade the host immune response. On the other hand, Staphylococcus epidermis is a less virulent species of Staphylococcus that is commonly found on the skin and mucous membranes of humans, and it does not produce coagulase.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Staphylococcus aureus will ferment mannitol
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Staphylococcus aureus is a type of bacteria that is known to ferment mannitol. Fermentation is a metabolic process in which microorganisms convert sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol. Mannitol is a type of sugar alcohol that can be fermented by certain bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus. This fermentation process can be used as a diagnostic test to identify and differentiate Staphylococcus aureus from other bacteria. Therefore, the statement that Staphylococcus aureus will ferment mannitol is true.Rate this question:
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- 45.
When e coli acts as a pathogen it is most often in the respiratory tract
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because when E. coli acts as a pathogen, it is most often found in the gastrointestinal tract rather than the respiratory tract. E. coli is a common cause of foodborne illnesses and urinary tract infections, but it is not commonly associated with respiratory infections.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Entamobea histolytica is a true fungus that causes dysentery
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The given statement is false. Entamoeba histolytica is not a true fungus; it is actually a protozoan parasite that causes dysentery. Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic organisms, while fungi are a separate group of eukaryotes that include organisms like mushrooms and yeasts. Therefore, the correct answer is false.Rate this question:
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- 47.
The catalase test differentiates gram-negative rods
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The catalase test does not differentiate gram-negative rods. The catalase test is used to differentiate between bacteria that produce the enzyme catalase and those that do not. Catalase-positive bacteria can break down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, while catalase-negative bacteria cannot. This test is not specific to gram-negative rods and can be used for a wide range of bacteria. Therefore, the statement that the catalase test differentiates gram-negative rods is false.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Oxidase enzyme plays a vital role in the electron transport system during aerobic respiration
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The oxidase enzyme is indeed crucial in the electron transport system during aerobic respiration. This enzyme helps in transferring electrons from the electron carriers to the final electron acceptor, which is oxygen in aerobic respiration. Without the oxidase enzyme, the electron transport chain would not be able to function properly, resulting in a disruption of ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Lactose fermentation is very useful in the identification of gram-negative rods
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Lactose fermentation is very useful in the identification of gram-negative rods because it helps to differentiate between different species of bacteria. Gram-negative rods that can ferment lactose produce acid as a byproduct, which lowers the pH of the medium. This change in pH can be detected using indicators such as phenol red, allowing for the identification of lactose-fermenting gram-negative rods. This characteristic is particularly important in clinical microbiology for identifying certain pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which is a common cause of urinary tract infections.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Staphylococcus epidermis is gram negative pathogen
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The given statement is false. Staphylococcus epidermidis is actually a gram-positive pathogen. Gram-negative bacteria have a different cell wall structure compared to gram-positive bacteria, which can be distinguished by the Gram staining method. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common bacterium found on the skin and mucous membranes, and it is known to cause infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals or when medical devices are implanted.Rate this question:
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