TOEFL Grammar Practice Test Quiz! Trivia

1. Lillian D. Wald, public health nurse and __________, was born in Cincinnati Ohio, in 1867.

Reforming society

Social reformer

Ho reformed society

Er social reform

Answer: B
Test point: parallel structure.
Analysis: the sentence and before and after should be a description of the identity of the nominal composition, (B) social reformer and nurse tied it to be elected. (A) to the verbal phrase segmentation; (C) clause; (D) is a noun, but do not identify themselves.

Explanation

Answer: B
Test point: parallel structure.
Analysis: the sentence and before and after should be a description of the identity of the nominal composition, (B) social reformer and nurse tied it to be elected. (A) to the verbal phrase segmentation; (C) clause; (D) is a noun, but do not identify themselves.

2. Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933, when Frances Perkins became secretary of labor.

Not

Position

Until

Became

Answer: A
Test points: negative word.
Analysis: no, not, and none of these three negative word usage, often in question deliberately confusing. The adverb not not modify the noun woman, applications adjectives no addition.
Problem-solving points: no or not TOEFL error correction question, you should first consider whether the right.

Explanation

Answer: A
Test points: negative word.
Analysis: no, not, and none of these three negative word usage, often in question deliberately confusing. The adverb not not modify the noun woman, applications adjectives no addition.
Problem-solving points: no or not TOEFL error correction question, you should first consider whether the right.

3. In 1964__________of Henry Ossawa Tanner's paintings was shown at the Smithsonian Institution.

Was a major collection

That a major collection

A collection was major

A major collection

Answer: D
Test point: subject.
Analysis: the sentence lack of subject. Answers only (D) is the noun structure, it is possible to act as a subject.

Explanation

Answer: D
Test point: subject.
Analysis: the sentence lack of subject. Answers only (D) is the noun structure, it is possible to act as a subject.

4. Traditionally, __________in New England on Thanksgiving Day.

When served is sweet cider

When sweet cider is served

Is served sweet cider

Sweet cider is served

Answer: D
Test point: the subject-predicate structure.
Analysis: The original sentence main, that all the missing, to be elected a full subject + predicate structure, that is, (D). (A), (C) fails, (B) is a clause, not suitable for the sentence.

Explanation

Answer: D
Test point: the subject-predicate structure.
Analysis: The original sentence main, that all the missing, to be elected a full subject + predicate structure, that is, (D). (A), (C) fails, (B) is a clause, not suitable for the sentence.

5. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent __________, or pronghorn.

It is the American antelope

The American antelope is

Is the American antelope

The American antelope

Answer: C
Test points: inverted sentences.
Analysis: Typical of the sentence on the beginning of a sentence, use inverted sentences. Typical of ... the phrase is predicative linking verb + subject structure should be selected answers, that is (C).
Problem-solving points: the case of inverted sentence structure verb (be) start looking 4 answers.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test points: inverted sentences.
Analysis: Typical of the sentence on the beginning of a sentence, use inverted sentences. Typical of ... the phrase is predicative linking verb + subject structure should be selected answers, that is (C).
Problem-solving points: the case of inverted sentence structure verb (be) start looking 4 answers.

6. Of the millions who saw Haley's comet in 1986, how many people __________long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century.

Will they live

They will be living

Will live

Living

Answer: C
Test point: predicate.
Analysis: This sentence subject, but the lack of a verb, so I chose to used as a predicate of (C). (A), (B) the structure is wrong, and repeat the subject they; (D) is not a predicate verb forms.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test point: predicate.
Analysis: This sentence subject, but the lack of a verb, so I chose to used as a predicate of (C). (A), (B) the structure is wrong, and repeat the subject they; (D) is not a predicate verb forms.

7. The flexibility of film allows the artist __________ unbridled imagination to the animation of cartoon characters.

To bring

Bringing

Is brought

Brings

Answer: A
Test points: infinitive.
Analysis: allow + sb. Ten infinitive as a fixed structure. Four answers, only (A) to bring is the infinitive.

Explanation

Answer: A
Test points: infinitive.
Analysis: allow + sb. Ten infinitive as a fixed structure. Four answers, only (A) to bring is the infinitive.

8. __________that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.

Anthropologists have discovered

Anthropologists discovering

The discovery by anthropologists

Discovered by anthropologists

Answer: A
Test points: complex sentences.
Analysis: space immediately that, the former must be the main sentence. Therefore the complete structure of the the four answers selected main predicate i.e. (A). The remaining three answers are no verb.
Problem solving points: the conjunctions that in TOEFL Structured Questions vital prompt. It shows that the sentence is a complex sentence, before and after that should be subject-predicate complete sentence, that is the main clause and subordinate clause.

Explanation

Answer: A
Test points: complex sentences.
Analysis: space immediately that, the former must be the main sentence. Therefore the complete structure of the the four answers selected main predicate i.e. (A). The remaining three answers are no verb.
Problem solving points: the conjunctions that in TOEFL Structured Questions vital prompt. It shows that the sentence is a complex sentence, before and after that should be subject-predicate complete sentence, that is the main clause and subordinate clause.

9. In order to remain in existence,__________must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable. (A) a profit-making organization (B) a profit-making organization which (C) therefore a profit-making organization (D) whichever a profit-making organization

A profit-making organization

A profit-making organization which

Therefore a profit-making organization

Whichever a profit-making organization

Answer: A
Test point: subject.
Analysis: auxiliary verb must necessarily subject. Noun structure should be chosen as the subject, that is, (A).

Explanation

Answer: A
Test point: subject.
Analysis: auxiliary verb must necessarily subject. Noun structure should be chosen as the subject, that is, (A).

10. For years, elephants were hunted for food and ivory, and as a result theirs numbers have been greatly reduced.

Hunted

Theirs

Numbers

Greatly

Answer: B
Test point: part of speech.
Analysis: numbers for nouns, to use the adjective pronouns their front. theirs as nouns nature.

Explanation

Answer: B
Test point: part of speech.
Analysis: numbers for nouns, to use the adjective pronouns their front. theirs as nouns nature.

11. When rainbows appear, they are always in the part of the sky opposite directly the Sun.

Appear

Part

The sky

Opposite directly

Answer: D
Test points: word order.
Analysis: Do not join the adverb between the preposition and its object. Here the adverb 'directly' should preposition 'opposite' before.

Explanation

Answer: D
Test points: word order.
Analysis: Do not join the adverb between the preposition and its object. Here the adverb 'directly' should preposition 'opposite' before.

12. __________a child, sculptor Anne Whitney showed an eager intellect and artistic talent that her parents recognized and encouraged.

Has been

It was while

She was

As

Answer: D
Test points: prepositions.
Analysis: As a child is a prepositional phrase, as adverbial, followed by a complete sentence.

Explanation

Answer: D
Test points: prepositions.
Analysis: As a child is a prepositional phrase, as adverbial, followed by a complete sentence.

13. Copper sulfate, spread in judicious amounts, kills algae __________ harming fish or aquatic invert-ebrates.

Does not

But does no

Except

Without

Answer: D
Test points: prepositions.
Analysis: spaces after harming gerund, should be added in front of the preposition, so the election (D). (A) is the negation of the predicate verb, farming is not a predicate verb: (B) can be said does no harm (to), but can not say that does no harming; (C), although as a preposition, but does not mean.

Explanation

Answer: D
Test points: prepositions.
Analysis: spaces after harming gerund, should be added in front of the preposition, so the election (D). (A) is the negation of the predicate verb, farming is not a predicate verb: (B) can be said does no harm (to), but can not say that does no harming; (C), although as a preposition, but does not mean.

14. Since 1971 the regional corporations set up in Alaska by Congress managing everything from fishing to banking.

Since

Regional

Managing

Banking

Answer: C
Test points: word form.
Analysis: here need predicate verb form of 'have managed'. Sentence 'set up' for the past participle phrase modified in front of the noun subject 'corporations'. Also note that the (D) 'banking' as a noun, meaning Banking.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test points: word form.
Analysis: here need predicate verb form of 'have managed'. Sentence 'set up' for the past participle phrase modified in front of the noun subject 'corporations'. Also note that the (D) 'banking' as a noun, meaning Banking.

15. The human body relies on certainty nutrients for its survival.

Body

Relies

Certainly

Survival

Answer: C
Test point: part of speech.
Analysis: here modifies the noun nutrients use adjectives certain, not nouns certainty.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test point: part of speech.
Analysis: here modifies the noun nutrients use adjectives certain, not nouns certainty.

16. Gulls can often be see swooping over large bodies of water.

Can often

See

Over

Bodies

Answer: B
Test point: the word form / passive voice.
Analysis: the verb 'be' can not add a verb here should be said to 'be' + past participle passive. 'see' should be 'seen'.

Explanation

Answer: B
Test point: the word form / passive voice.
Analysis: the verb 'be' can not add a verb here should be said to 'be' + past participle passive. 'see' should be 'seen'.

17. Benjamin Franklin drew a political cartoon that is credited raising 10,000 volunteers for the American Revolutionary War.

Drew

Political

Credited raising

For

Answer: C
Test point: Idioms.
Analysis: 'Be credited with' fixed phrase, "is considered to acquire some achievements.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test point: Idioms.
Analysis: 'Be credited with' fixed phrase, "is considered to acquire some achievements.

18. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effective than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one's meaning.

More difficult

Effective

To employ

Vague

Answer: B
The test point: parallel structure / part of speech.
Analysis: and the front and rear parts of the same part of speech, with nature, where the application of the adverb 'effectively' with 'and' before 'simply' and 'directly' side by side, without the adjective 'effective'.

Explanation

Answer: B
The test point: parallel structure / part of speech.
Analysis: and the front and rear parts of the same part of speech, with nature, where the application of the adverb 'effectively' with 'and' before 'simply' and 'directly' side by side, without the adjective 'effective'.

19. Too much electric current may flow into a circuit as a result either of a fault in the circuit and of an outside event such as lightning.

Too much

May flow

Fault

And

Answer: D
Test points: conjunctions phrase
Analysis: either ... or ... usage. See either the word, to pay attention to find subsequently whether appropriate or and should or.
Problem-solving points; either ... or, neither ... nor, both ... and conjunctions idioms for TOEFL ordinary exam type, pay attention to before and after the match.

Explanation

Answer: D
Test points: conjunctions phrase
Analysis: either ... or ... usage. See either the word, to pay attention to find subsequently whether appropriate or and should or.
Problem-solving points; either ... or, neither ... nor, both ... and conjunctions idioms for TOEFL ordinary exam type, pay attention to before and after the match.

20. Although afflicted by serious eyesight problems, Alicia Alonso was one the principal stars of the American Ballet Theater and later formed her own dance company.

Although

Eyesight problems

One the principal

Her own

Answer: C
Test point: Idioms.
Analysis: 'One of the' + plural noun / noun level is fixed argument here lack 'of'.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test point: Idioms.
Analysis: 'One of the' + plural noun / noun level is fixed argument here lack 'of'.

21. __________irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued. (A) Its (B) Where its (C) Since its (D) Because of its

Its

Where its

Since its

Because of its

Answer: D
Test points: prepositional phrases.
Analysis: comma after a complete sentence before the comma are only two possibilities; phrase or clause. 4 answers without a predicate verb, the correct answer can only be a phrase. Therefore, the choice (D). Because of prepositional phrases. (C) since as a preposition meaning "since", such as "because" is a conjunction.

Explanation

Answer: D
Test points: prepositional phrases.
Analysis: comma after a complete sentence before the comma are only two possibilities; phrase or clause. 4 answers without a predicate verb, the correct answer can only be a phrase. Therefore, the choice (D). Because of prepositional phrases. (C) since as a preposition meaning "since", such as "because" is a conjunction.

22. It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes__________round shape into a teardrop shape.

Of the drop

The drop's

Drop of

Drops their

Answer: B
Test points: attributive.
Analysis: Round shape before missing restrict its attributive was chosen noun possessive (B) the drop's. Also, note the change as a transitive verb, behind directly Gabin language, without further any preposition, so exclude (A).

Explanation

Answer: B
Test points: attributive.
Analysis: Round shape before missing restrict its attributive was chosen noun possessive (B) the drop's. Also, note the change as a transitive verb, behind directly Gabin language, without further any preposition, so exclude (A).

23. The ritual combat of animals are triggered by precise signals.

Ritual

Are

By

Signals

Answer: B
Test the point: Predicate number consistent.
Analysis: the subject is singular 'combat', the verb to heart
Problem-solving points: prepositional phrase 'of animals' is a noun attributive 'combat', this type of connection of the rear structure attributive to pay particular attention to whether the predicate consistent.

Explanation

Answer: B
Test the point: Predicate number consistent.
Analysis: the subject is singular 'combat', the verb to heart
Problem-solving points: prepositional phrase 'of animals' is a noun attributive 'combat', this type of connection of the rear structure attributive to pay particular attention to whether the predicate consistent.

24. The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately 2,020 miles from Maine to Georgia, is the longer continuous marked footpath in the world.

Extending

Miles

Longer

Continuous

Answer: C
Test point: the most senior.
Analysis: adjective or adverb before the, after the most advanced form in the world said range - phrases should be used. Here longer longest.
Problem-solving points; crossed adjective or adverb comparative or superlative form when TOEFL error correction question, it should be noted that its usage is correct.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test point: the most senior.
Analysis: adjective or adverb before the, after the most advanced form in the world said range - phrases should be used. Here longer longest.
Problem-solving points; crossed adjective or adverb comparative or superlative form when TOEFL error correction question, it should be noted that its usage is correct.

25. Barges which carrier most of the heavy freight on rivers and canals are usually propelled by towing.

Carrier

Heavy

On

Towing

Answer: A
Test point: part of speech.
Analysis: carrier is a noun, and here the predicate verb. Should carries.
Problem-solving points: noun suffix-er,-or,-tion,-sion and other forms of TOEFL error correction question should be given special attention.

Explanation

Answer: A
Test point: part of speech.
Analysis: carrier is a noun, and here the predicate verb. Should carries.
Problem-solving points: noun suffix-er,-or,-tion,-sion and other forms of TOEFL error correction question should be given special attention.

26. The begins of the modern chemistry laboratory go back to the workrooms of medieval lchemists.

Begins

Chemistry

Go back

Workrooms

Answer: A
Test point: part of speech.
Analysis: here the noun as subject, 'begins' is the verb form. Should be 'beginnings'.

Explanation

Answer: A
Test point: part of speech.
Analysis: here the noun as subject, 'begins' is the verb form. Should be 'beginnings'.

27. In many pieces of music there is a dominant theme on which the restful of the composition is centered.

There

Dominant

Restful

Centered

Answer: C
Test points: Idioms / part of speech.
Analysis: 'The rest of' fixed phrases. From the point of view of the part of speech analysis, the definite article 'the' should be followed by a noun.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test points: Idioms / part of speech.
Analysis: 'The rest of' fixed phrases. From the point of view of the part of speech analysis, the definite article 'the' should be followed by a noun.

28. Conservative philosophers argue that the very structure of society is threatening by civil disobedience, while humanists stress the primacy of the individual conscience.

Argue

Is threatening

While

Stress

Answer: B
Test point: the passive voice.
Analysis: (be) the verb and the preposition by the passive voice signal at the same time, they use the verb past participle. Here 'threatening' should be 'threatened'.

Explanation

Answer: B
Test point: the passive voice.
Analysis: (be) the verb and the preposition by the passive voice signal at the same time, they use the verb past participle. Here 'threatening' should be 'threatened'.

29. A citadel, a fortress designed for the defense of a city, usually standed on top of a hill.

Designed

Defence

City

Standed

Answer: D
Test point: the irregular verb inflections.
Analysis: Although the number of this type of exam questions, but basic knowledge test, and should not be wrong. the stand past is 'stood', 'standed' was a typo. Problem solving points; 'stand-stood stood' and 'begin-began-begun' variations of irregular verbs to remember the simplicity

Explanation

Answer: D
Test point: the irregular verb inflections.
Analysis: Although the number of this type of exam questions, but basic knowledge test, and should not be wrong. the stand past is 'stood', 'standed' was a typo. Problem solving points; 'stand-stood stood' and 'begin-began-begun' variations of irregular verbs to remember the simplicity

30. In a representative democracy, the people election delegates to an assembly.

Representative

Democracy

Election

Assembly

Answer: C test point: part of speech.
Analysis: here need a verb as predicate 'election' is a noun.

Explanation

Answer: C test point: part of speech.
Analysis: here need a verb as predicate 'election' is a noun.

31. According to some theories derived from psychoanalysis, life is supposedly easier and mo re pleasant when inhibitions overcoming.

According

Derived

Easier

Overcoming

Answer: D
Test points: word form.
Analysis: 'inhibitions' before the conjunction 'when', and thereafter should be the main so-called complete clause. 'overcoming' is not a verb of the form should be 'are overcome'.

Explanation

Answer: D
Test points: word form.
Analysis: 'inhibitions' before the conjunction 'when', and thereafter should be the main so-called complete clause. 'overcoming' is not a verb of the form should be 'are overcome'.

32. A historical novel may do more than mirror history; __________future events.

Even influencing

It may even influence

May even influence

That it may even influence

Answer: B
Test points: semicolon structure.
Analysis: the role of the semicolon is equivalent to a full stop, semicolon should be complete sentences before and after it is selected (B). (A) is not a sentence; (C) No subject; (D) is the clause.

Explanation

Answer: B
Test points: semicolon structure.
Analysis: the role of the semicolon is equivalent to a full stop, semicolon should be complete sentences before and after it is selected (B). (A) is not a sentence; (C) No subject; (D) is the clause.

33. George Washington Carver found hundred of uses for the peanut, the sweet potato, and the soybean and thus stimulated the cultivation of these crops.

Hundred

Stimulated

Cultivation

Crops

Answer: A
Test point: Idioms.
Analysis: that an indeterminate number of phrases, such as 'hundreds of', 'Light Rail Transit Feeder', 'millions of', etc., are used in the plural.

Explanation

Answer: A
Test point: Idioms.
Analysis: that an indeterminate number of phrases, such as 'hundreds of', 'Light Rail Transit Feeder', 'millions of', etc., are used in the plural.

34. Different species of octopuses may measure anywhere from two inches to over thirty feet in long.

Species

Anywhere

To over

In long

Answer: D
The tests point: part of speech
Analysis: "in length fixed to say is 'in length' without the 'long'. Considered from the part of speech, prepositions curse to add the nouns (length), can not add an adjective (long).
Problem-solving points; the TOEFL exam that long (long, length), high (high, height), deep (deep, depth) and other noun and its adjectival form of the word is often confused.

Explanation

Answer: D
The tests point: part of speech
Analysis: "in length fixed to say is 'in length' without the 'long'. Considered from the part of speech, prepositions curse to add the nouns (length), can not add an adjective (long).
Problem-solving points; the TOEFL exam that long (long, length), high (high, height), deep (deep, depth) and other noun and its adjectival form of the word is often confused.

35. The greater the population there is in a locality,__________for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.

The greater the need there is

Greater need

Is there great need

The great need

Answer: A
Test point: parallel comparative sentences.
Analysis: (the 10 comparative ... the + comparative) to see the first sentence of The greater, will begin from the answers to find the comparative structure of the same sentence. (A) similarly to the beginning of the greater and the subsequent structure is also the same, and it is selected (A). (B) lack the; (C) and (D) were not comparative.
Problem solving points: the ten comparative ... the + comparative structure is TOEFL regular exam type, before and after the two-level sentence structure on.

Explanation

Answer: A
Test point: parallel comparative sentences.
Analysis: (the 10 comparative ... the + comparative) to see the first sentence of The greater, will begin from the answers to find the comparative structure of the same sentence. (A) similarly to the beginning of the greater and the subsequent structure is also the same, and it is selected (A). (B) lack the; (C) and (D) were not comparative.
Problem solving points: the ten comparative ... the + comparative structure is TOEFL regular exam type, before and after the two-level sentence structure on.

36. A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets carry a supply that last just a few seconds.

Burns

Carry

Supply

Last

Answer: D
Test the point: Predicate number consistent.
Analysis: 'that' the subject of the clause, followed by a verb as the predicate. And 'that' on behalf of that singular 'a supply' so the predicate also used the singular form of 'lasts'.

Explanation

Answer: D
Test the point: Predicate number consistent.
Analysis: 'that' the subject of the clause, followed by a verb as the predicate. And 'that' on behalf of that singular 'a supply' so the predicate also used the singular form of 'lasts'.

37. Luminescence refers to the emission of light by means another than heat.

Light

By means

Another

Heat

Answer: C
Test point: the use of the 'other' and 'another'.
Analysis: In case of crossed 'another' or 'other' to be noted, that the two words are often mutually misuse. Here should be to the 'other'. 'Other than' fixed saying, "In addition, unlike.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test point: the use of the 'other' and 'another'.
Analysis: In case of crossed 'another' or 'other' to be noted, that the two words are often mutually misuse. Here should be to the 'other'. 'Other than' fixed saying, "In addition, unlike.

38. __________modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.

If

But

With

Once

Answer: C
Test points: prepositions.
Analysis: modern offices becoming more mechanized gerund do preposition with the object. (A), (B) for the conjunction, the following clause; (D) conjunctions meaning "once", the adverbs "once," once "mean.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test points: prepositions.
Analysis: modern offices becoming more mechanized gerund do preposition with the object. (A), (B) for the conjunction, the following clause; (D) conjunctions meaning "once", the adverbs "once," once "mean.

39. Textile art is known for both its tactile and vision qualities.

Textile

For

Vision

Qualities

Answer: C
Test point: part of speech / parallel structure.
Analysis: conjunctions 'and' ask it on both sides is the same part of speech, with the nature of the ingredients. Here 'and' side is the adjective 'tactile', the other side should also be adjectives 'visional', the nouns 'vision'.

Explanation

Answer: C
Test point: part of speech / parallel structure.
Analysis: conjunctions 'and' ask it on both sides is the same part of speech, with the nature of the ingredients. Here 'and' side is the adjective 'tactile', the other side should also be adjectives 'visional', the nouns 'vision'.

40. The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century.

The metal

Has been

First

Early

Answer: B
Test points: tenses.
Analysis: If the sentence indicates a specific time adverbial 'in the nineteenth century', etc., can not be used now complete, but rather use the past tense. Here 'has been' is 'was'.

Explanation

Answer: B
Test points: tenses.
Analysis: If the sentence indicates a specific time adverbial 'in the nineteenth century', etc., can not be used now complete, but rather use the past tense. Here 'has been' is 'was'.

TOEFL Grammar Practice Test Quiz! Trivia

1. Lillian D. Wald, public health nurse and __________, was born in Cincinnati Ohio, in 1867.

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933, when Frances Perkins became secretary of labor.

3. In 1964__________of Henry Ossawa Tanner's paintings was shown at the Smithsonian Institution.

4. Traditionally, __________in New England on Thanksgiving Day.

5. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent __________, or pronghorn.

6. Of the millions who saw Haley's comet in 1986, how many people __________long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century.

7. The flexibility of film allows the artist __________ unbridled imagination to the animation of cartoon characters.

8. __________that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.

9. In order to remain in existence,__________must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable. (A) a profit-making organization (B) a profit-making organization which (C) therefore a profit-making organization (D) whichever a profit-making organization

10. For years, elephants were hunted for food and ivory, and as a result theirs numbers have been greatly reduced.

11. When rainbows appear, they are always in the part of the sky opposite directly the Sun.

12. __________a child, sculptor Anne Whitney showed an eager intellect and artistic talent that her parents recognized and encouraged.

13. Copper sulfate, spread in judicious amounts, kills algae __________ harming fish or aquatic invert-ebrates.

14. Since 1971 the regional corporations set up in Alaska by Congress managing everything from fishing to banking.

15. The human body relies on certainty nutrients for its survival.

16. Gulls can often be see swooping over large bodies of water.

17. Benjamin Franklin drew a political cartoon that is credited raising 10,000 volunteers for the American Revolutionary War.

18. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effective than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one's meaning.

19. Too much electric current may flow into a circuit as a result either of a fault in the circuit and of an outside event such as lightning.

20. Although afflicted by serious eyesight problems, Alicia Alonso was one the principal stars of the American Ballet Theater and later formed her own dance company.

21. __________irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued. (A) Its (B) Where its (C) Since its (D) Because of its

22. It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes__________round shape into a teardrop shape.

23. The ritual combat of animals are triggered by precise signals.

24. The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately 2,020 miles from Maine to Georgia, is the longer continuous marked footpath in the world.

25. Barges which carrier most of the heavy freight on rivers and canals are usually propelled by towing.

26. The begins of the modern chemistry laboratory go back to the workrooms of medieval lchemists.

27. In many pieces of music there is a dominant theme on which the restful of the composition is centered.

28. Conservative philosophers argue that the very structure of society is threatening by civil disobedience, while humanists stress the primacy of the individual conscience.

29. A citadel, a fortress designed for the defense of a city, usually standed on top of a hill.

30. In a representative democracy, the people election delegates to an assembly.

31. According to some theories derived from psychoanalysis, life is supposedly easier and mo re pleasant when inhibitions overcoming.

32. A historical novel may do more than mirror history; __________future events.

33. George Washington Carver found hundred of uses for the peanut, the sweet potato, and the soybean and thus stimulated the cultivation of these crops.

34. Different species of octopuses may measure anywhere from two inches to over thirty feet in long.

35. The greater the population there is in a locality,__________for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.

36. A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets carry a supply that last just a few seconds.

37. Luminescence refers to the emission of light by means another than heat.

38. __________modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.

39. Textile art is known for both its tactile and vision qualities.

40. The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century.