Revision Unit 5 For The 3rd Secondary

علم عمارة الحاسب يهتم بدراسة تصميم مكونات الحاسب وتطورها، وهذا يشير إلى أنه يدرس كيفية تصميم وتطوير أجزاء الحاسب مثل المعالجات والذواكر واللوحات الأم وغيرها، بغرض تحسين أداء الحواسيب وزيادة قدرتها على معالجة البيانات وتنفيذ المهام المختلفة. هذا العلم يساعد في تحسين تكنولوجيا الحواسيب وتطويرها لتلبية احتياجات المستخدمين ومتطلبات التطبيقات المتزايدة.

علم عمارة الحاسب يهتم بدراسة تصميم مكونات الحاسب وتطورها، وهو يشمل دراسة كيفية تصميم العتاد والبرمجيات والشبكات والأنظمة التشغيلية والواجهات المستخدمة في الحواسيب. يهدف هذا العلم إلى تحسين أداء الحواسيب وزيادة قدرتها على معالجة البيانات وتنفيذ المهام بكفاءة أعلى.

The statement suggests that there are two levels of studying computer architecture: studying the architecture of the processor and studying the architecture of the computer as a whole, including all its components. The answer "صح" (correct) indicates that this statement is true.

The statement is correct because the number of execution units is an important factor that determines the performance of a processor. The more execution units a processor has, the more tasks it can perform simultaneously, thus increasing its processing power. Therefore, the statement is accurate in stating that the performance of a processor doubles with the same number of execution units inside it.

The given statement is correct. Optical discs rely on laser beams to record and read data. The laser beam is used to create pits on the disc's surface during the recording process. These pits represent the binary data. When the disc is read, the laser beam scans the surface and detects the presence or absence of these pits, which is then converted into digital information. This technology is used in CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs for storing and retrieving data.

The difference between DVD-RW and DVD+RW lies in the improvement of the writing system and error management.

The given statement is correct. The HDD (Hard Disk Drive) comes in two sizes, which are typically 3.5 inches for desktop computers and 2.5 inches for laptops. These sizes refer to the physical dimensions of the hard drive and determine the compatibility with different computer systems. Therefore, it is true that the HDD comes in two sizes.

The given statement states that modern processors commonly used in personal computers have a 64-bit architecture. This is a correct statement as most modern processors used in personal computers are indeed designed with a 64-bit architecture. A 64-bit architecture allows the processor to handle larger amounts of memory and perform more complex calculations compared to a 32-bit architecture. Therefore, the statement is true.

Intel is the correct answer because the given statement mentions a company that produces microprocessors and controls approximately 80% of the global market for processors. Intel is a well-known company in the technology industry that specializes in producing microprocessors and is indeed a dominant player in the market, holding a significant market share.

The correct answer is "معالج 4004". This is the simplest type of microprocessor produced by Intel, with each register having a capacity of only 4 bits.

The correct answer is "وحدة الحساب والمنطق" (Arabic for "Arithmetic and Logic Unit"). This unit is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations on the inputted numbers. It carries out calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, as well as logical operations like AND, OR, and NOT. It is a crucial component of the processor and plays a vital role in executing instructions and performing calculations.

HDMI is the correct answer because it is a port that is used to transmit both video and audio signals. It is commonly used to connect a computer to a high-definition television, making it the appropriate choice in this scenario. USB, network port, and VGA port are not designed specifically for transmitting video and audio signals, so they are not the correct options.

وحدة إدارة الذاكرة is the correct answer because it is one of the components of a processor and it provides the communication channels with the memory.

The correct answer is "المعالج" (the processor). The processor is the main component of a computer that performs most of the calculations and operations. It is responsible for executing instructions, processing data, and controlling the overall operation of the computer. As a result, the processor typically consumes the most energy compared to other components such as the fan, memory, and computer ports.

DDR3 DIMM is the fastest type of memory among the given options. DDR3 (Double Data Rate 3) is an advanced version of DDR2 and DDR1, offering higher speed and improved performance. DIMM (Dual In-Line Memory Module) is a type of memory module used in computers. Therefore, DDR3 DIMM is the correct answer as it represents the fastest type of memory module among the options provided.

A network port is used to connect a computer to a local area network (LAN) using a cable. It allows the computer to communicate with other devices on the network and access resources such as shared files, printers, and internet connection. HDMI, USB, and VGA ports are not specifically designed for connecting a computer to a network, but rather for other purposes such as connecting to external displays or transferring data between devices. Therefore, the correct answer is network port.

The correct answer is "وحدة إدارة الذاكرة" (Memory Management Unit). The Memory Management Unit is responsible for controlling the movement of data between the processor and memory. It handles tasks such as translating virtual addresses to physical addresses, managing memory allocation and deallocation, and implementing memory protection mechanisms. This unit plays a crucial role in optimizing the performance and efficiency of the overall system by efficiently managing the memory resources.

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ATX is the most common standard size for motherboards used in desktop computers. It specifies the dimensions and layout of the motherboard, allowing for compatibility with various computer cases and components. The ATX form factor provides standard mounting points and connectors for expansion cards, power supply, and other peripherals. This standardization ensures that ATX motherboards can be easily interchanged and upgraded, making it a popular choice among computer builders and manufacturers.

The correct answer is "socket". The explanation for this is that the question is asking about a component of the motherboard that is a square-shaped base with multiple slots equal to the number of pins on the back of the processor. This description matches the socket, which is the component that holds the processor in place on the motherboard.

The given answer, "وحدة التحكم" (Control Unit), is correct because it is one of the components of a processor. It is responsible for controlling and coordinating the activities of other units within the processor, such as the instruction counter, instruction register, and instruction analysis unit. The control unit fetches instructions from memory, decodes them, and executes them by sending signals to other units. It plays a crucial role in the overall functioning of the processor.

The given statement indicates that the disk can be written on multiple times and has a capacity of 4.7 gigabytes. DVD-RW is the correct answer because it is a rewritable DVD format that allows data to be written, erased, and rewritten multiple times. CD-R and CD-RW are not the correct answers as they are CD formats and do not have the same capacity or rewritable capabilities as DVD-RW.

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The correct answer is "المعالج الدقيق - الميكروبروسسر" (Microprocessor). This is because the given description mentions that the integrated circuit contains electronic circuits that are part of the computer's processor, and these circuits are built at the same time on a single silicon chip. The microprocessor is the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer, responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations.

SO-DIMM stands for Small Outline Dual In-Line Memory Module. It is a type of memory module that is commonly used in laptops and other small form factor computers. SO-DIMMs are smaller in size compared to regular DIMMs, making them suitable for compact devices like laptops. They have a similar function to DIMMs, which is to provide additional memory for the computer to store and access data. Therefore, SO-DIMM is the correct answer for the given question.

Intel and AMD are two of the largest producers of microprocessors.

The given statement explains that a disc with a surface capacity of 25 gigabytes can be written on both sides, thereby doubling the capacity to 50 gigabytes. The options provided are DVD-RW, BD, and CD-RW. Among these options, BD (Blu-ray Disc) is the correct answer because it is a high-capacity optical disc format that can store up to 50 gigabytes of data.

The correct answer is CD-RW. CD-RW stands for Compact Disc ReWritable, which means that it can be written on multiple times. It has a storage capacity of 700 megabytes. CD-R, on the other hand, can only be written on once and cannot be erased or rewritten. A socket is a device used for connecting electronic components.

The BIOS system is stored in ROM (Read-Only Memory). ROM is a type of computer memory that is non-volatile, meaning it retains its data even when the power is turned off. The BIOS, or Basic Input/Output System, is a firmware that is responsible for initializing the hardware components of a computer and loading the operating system. It is stored in ROM to ensure that it remains intact and unaffected by any changes or updates made to the system.

The correct answer is "chipset1 - Northbridge." The Northbridge is a crucial component in a computer's motherboard that connects the CPU (central processing unit) to the main memory (RAM). It is responsible for handling high-speed communication between the CPU and RAM, as well as other components like the graphics card. The Northbridge also controls the data flow between the CPU and the rest of the system, making it an essential part of the electronic circuits required for the connection between the processor and the main memory.

SIMM stands for Single In-Line Memory Module. It is the oldest type of memory module used in older motherboards. SIMMs have a 32-bit data path and are available in 30-pin and 72-pin configurations. They were commonly used in computers during the 1980s and early 1990s. SIMMs have been replaced by DIMMs (Dual In-Line Memory Modules) which offer higher capacities and faster data transfer rates.

The correct answer is chipset1 - Northbridge. The Northbridge is a chip in the motherboard that connects the CPU to the main memory. It handles tasks such as managing data transfer between the CPU and RAM, controlling the memory bus, and coordinating communication between the CPU and other high-speed devices like the graphics card. Without the Northbridge, the CPU would not be able to communicate effectively with the main memory, and the computer's performance would be severely affected.

The given answer is correct because the Southbridge chipset is responsible for connecting the processor to the input/output ports in an electronic circuit. It handles the communication between the CPU and devices such as USB ports, audio ports, and storage devices. The Northbridge chipset, on the other hand, is responsible for connecting the CPU to the memory (RAM). Therefore, in this scenario, the Southbridge chipset is the correct answer as it is the one that connects the processor to the input/output ports.

The correct answer is "بيوس" (BIOS). BIOS stands for Basic Input/Output System. It is a program that starts running when a computer is powered on for the first time. It includes the main computer component definitions and a boot loader program that loads the operating system from the hard disk. BIOS is responsible for initializing and testing the hardware components of the computer and provides the necessary instructions for the operating system to start.

The given statement is incorrect. Typically, memory modules are connected in groups of slots, not individual groups.

RISC stands for Reduced Instruction Set Computer. It is a type of microprocessor architecture that uses a small and simple set of instructions, which allows for faster execution of instructions and more efficient use of resources. Most smartphones use RISC processors because they require high performance, power efficiency, and compact size. RISC processors are designed to perform a few simple instructions quickly, making them suitable for mobile devices that have limited power and battery life.

The correct answer is "كاش" (cache). Cache is a type of memory that is integrated with the processor and temporarily stores the data that the processor needs during its operation. It helps to improve the overall performance of the system by reducing the time taken to access data from the main memory.

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The development in mobile processor architecture to conserve power consumption includes reducing the number of core processing units, shrinking the size of cache memory in the processor, operating the processor and other circuits at a lower speed, and shutting down unused units in the processor. Increasing the pulse speed is not mentioned as a method for power conservation in the given options.

The correct answer is VGA port. VGA (Video Graphics Array) port is a standard connection used to connect a computer to a monitor or projector. It transmits analog video signals and is commonly found on older computers and monitors. HDMI and USB are also used for connecting devices, but they are not specifically designed for connecting a computer to a monitor. Network port, on the other hand, is used for connecting to a network, not for connecting a monitor.

وحدة المسجلات تقوم بحفظ نتيجة العمليات الحسابية و المنطقية.

SSD (Solid State Drive) is a type of storage device that uses electronic recording technology to store data. Unlike HDD (Hard Disk Drive), it does not have moving parts, which makes it silent and more reliable. Additionally, SSDs are lightweight compared to HDDs. However, SSDs are generally more expensive than HDDs.

The evolution in the design of laptop motherboards includes reducing the random access memory (RAM) capacity, eliminating expansion slots, reducing the number and types of input/output ports, and using smaller processors. These changes are made to make the laptop motherboard more compact and lightweight, allowing for better portability and mobility. Additionally, reducing the RAM capacity and using smaller processors helps in reducing power consumption and improving energy efficiency.

HDDs use magnetic recording technology to store data, they make noise, they have moving disks, and they are heavier compared to SSDs. Additionally, they are relatively less expensive compared to SSDs.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that these operations represent the basic steps performed by the processor to complete the required tasks. "تحميل التعليمة" (Instruction fetch) refers to fetching the instruction from memory. "تحليل التعليمة" (Instruction decode) involves decoding the fetched instruction to determine the operation to be performed. "تنفيذ التعليمة" (Instruction execution) is the actual execution of the instruction. "إخراج النتيجة" (Output result) refers to the process of outputting the result of the executed instruction. These operations are essential for the processor to carry out tasks effectively.

The correct answer includes the modern weapons such as radars and guided missiles, smartphones, navigation systems, microwave ovens, and industrial robots. These are all applications of microprocessors, which are used in various fields for their processing capabilities and efficiency. However, the manual fans and regular windows are not examples of microprocessor applications.

The development of semiconductor technology, the improvement of electronic circuits to operate at lower voltage differentials, the increase in pulse speed, and the inclusion of support circuits in their internal structure are all aspects encompassed by the advancement in microprocessor technology.

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This statement is incorrect. The correct statement should be "بعض المعالجات المستخدمة في الأجهزة الإلكترونية الحديثة هي ميكروكونترولرات" which translates to "Some processors used in modern electronic devices are microcontrollers." The word "ميكروبروسسرات" in the original statement is incorrect and should be replaced with "ميكروكونترولرات" to accurately describe the processors used in modern electronic devices.