General Chemistry - Department Of Dental Technologies - College Of Health & Medical Technology - University Of Al-ayen

1.

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

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Explanation

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2. What is the major product expected from the following reaction?

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

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Explanation

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3. Which of the following elements has the greatest electronegativity?

Si

P

N

O

Oxygen (O) has the greatest electronegativity among the given elements. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. Oxygen has a high electronegativity because it has a strong pull on electrons due to its high effective nuclear charge and small atomic radius. This makes oxygen highly electronegative compared to silicon (Si), phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N).

Explanation

Oxygen (O) has the greatest electronegativity among the given elements. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. Oxygen has a high electronegativity because it has a strong pull on electrons due to its high effective nuclear charge and small atomic radius. This makes oxygen highly electronegative compared to silicon (Si), phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N).

4. During the formation of a chemical bond?

Energy decreases

Energy increases

Energy of the system does not change

Electron-electron repulsion becomes more than the nucleus-electron attraction

During the formation of a chemical bond, energy decreases. This is because when atoms come close together to form a bond, the potential energy of the system decreases. This occurs because the attractive forces between the positively charged nucleus of one atom and the negatively charged electrons of another atom outweigh the repulsive forces between the electrons of both atoms. As a result, the atoms become more stable and the overall energy of the system decreases.

Explanation

During the formation of a chemical bond, energy decreases. This is because when atoms come close together to form a bond, the potential energy of the system decreases. This occurs because the attractive forces between the positively charged nucleus of one atom and the negatively charged electrons of another atom outweigh the repulsive forces between the electrons of both atoms. As a result, the atoms become more stable and the overall energy of the system decreases.

5. Which of the following alkanes would have the highest boiling point?

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

The boiling point of an alkane is determined by its molecular weight and the strength of its intermolecular forces. Option 1 would have the highest boiling point because it has the highest molecular weight and therefore the strongest intermolecular forces.

Explanation

The boiling point of an alkane is determined by its molecular weight and the strength of its intermolecular forces. Option 1 would have the highest boiling point because it has the highest molecular weight and therefore the strongest intermolecular forces.

6. What is the major product of the following reaction?

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

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Explanation

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7. What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

4-vinyl-2-pentyne

4-methylhex-2-yn-5-ene

3-methylhex-4-yn-1-ene

3-methylhex-1-en-4-yne

The compound in question has a total of 6 carbon atoms, with a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom. The presence of a double bond between the first and second carbon atoms, as well as a triple bond between the fourth and fifth carbon atoms, indicates that the compound is an alkyne. Therefore, the correct IUPAC name for this compound is 3-methylhex-1-en-4-yne.

Explanation

The compound in question has a total of 6 carbon atoms, with a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom. The presence of a double bond between the first and second carbon atoms, as well as a triple bond between the fourth and fifth carbon atoms, indicates that the compound is an alkyne. Therefore, the correct IUPAC name for this compound is 3-methylhex-1-en-4-yne.

8.

1,3-pentamethylpropane

1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutane

2,4,4-trimethylpentane

2,2,4-trimethylpentane

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Explanation

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9. Which of the following compounds is aromatic?

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

A compound is considered aromatic if it follows the rules of aromaticity, which include having a cyclic structure, being planar, having a continuous ring of overlapping p-orbitals, and obeying Hückel's rule (having 4n+2 π-electrons, where n is an integer). Without knowing the specific options given, it is not possible to determine which compound is aromatic.

Explanation

A compound is considered aromatic if it follows the rules of aromaticity, which include having a cyclic structure, being planar, having a continuous ring of overlapping p-orbitals, and obeying Hückel's rule (having 4n+2 π-electrons, where n is an integer). Without knowing the specific options given, it is not possible to determine which compound is aromatic.

10.

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

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Explanation

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