Final Laboratorium Kimia Dasar 2018/2019

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Final Laboratorium Kimia Dasar 2018/2019 - Quiz

Perhatian ! 1. Harap mengisi kolom Nama dan ID (Nomor Induk) 2. Password akan diberikan oleh asisten 3. Total soal berjumlah 10 soal 4. Waktu mengikuti ujian adalah 10 menit 5. Bagi peserta ujian yang nilainya dibawah 60, TIDAK ADA perbaikan nilai/ tugas Selamat Bekerja

Questions and Answers
  • 1. 

    Reaksi asam basa menurut Brosted-Lowry adalah…………

    • A.

      Akseptor-donor ion proton H+

    • B.

      Akseptor-donor ion proton OH-

    • C.

      Akseptor-donor ion O2+

    • D.

      Akseptor-donor ion O2+

    Correct Answer
    A. Akseptor-donor ion proton H+
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Akseptor-donor ion proton H+". According to the Brosted-Lowry definition, an acid is a substance that can donate a proton (H+ ion), while a base is a substance that can accept a proton. In this case, "Akseptor-donor ion proton H+" refers to the ability of a substance to both accept and donate protons, making it a suitable description for the acid-base reaction according to the Brosted-Lowry definition.

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  • 2. 

    Berapa gram CH3COONA yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat 100 ml larutan 0.1 M (BM : 82 g/mol)……

    • A.

      0. 82 gram

    • B.

      8. 20 gram

    • C.

      0.72 gram

    • D.

      7. 20 gram

    Correct Answer
    A. 0. 82 gram
    Explanation
    To calculate the amount of CH3COONA needed to make a 0.1 M solution, we need to use the formula:

    Molarity (M) = moles of solute / volume of solution (L)

    First, we need to convert the volume of solution from mL to L: 100 mL = 0.1 L

    Next, we rearrange the formula to solve for moles of solute:

    moles of solute = Molarity (M) x volume of solution (L)

    Plugging in the values, we get:

    moles of solute = 0.1 M x 0.1 L = 0.01 moles

    Finally, we convert moles to grams using the molar mass of CH3COONA:

    grams of CH3COONA = moles of solute x molar mass = 0.01 moles x 82 g/mol = 0.82 grams

    Therefore, the correct answer is 0.82 gram.

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  • 3. 

    Proses dinamis ketika reaksi  kedepan dan bolak-balik terjadi pada laju yang sama tetapi pada arah yang berlawanan merupakan pengertian dari……………

    • A.

      Kesetimbangan kimia

    • B.

      Asam-basa

    • C.

      Larutan penyangga

    • D.

      Reaksi-reaksi kimia

    Correct Answer
    A. Kesetimbangan kimia
    Explanation
    The given answer, "Kesetimbangan kimia" (chemical equilibrium), is the correct explanation for the dynamic process when forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate but in opposite directions. In a chemical equilibrium, the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time as the forward and reverse reactions proceed at equal rates. This balance between the forward and reverse reactions allows for a stable state where the system appears to be static, even though reactions are still occurring.

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  • 4. 

    Suatu sifat larutan dapat ditentukan oleh………..

    • A.

      Jumlah partikel zat terlarut dalam larutan

    • B.

      Jumlah zat terlarutnya

    • C.

      Konsentrasi pelarutnya

    • D.

      Kadar garam

    Correct Answer
    A. Jumlah partikel zat terlarut dalam larutan
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Jumlah partikel zat terlarut dalam larutan" (The number of solute particles in the solution). This is because the properties of a solution are determined by the interactions between the solute particles and the solvent particles. The more solute particles there are in a solution, the greater the effect on the properties of the solution. Therefore, the number of solute particles in a solution is an important factor in determining its properties.

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  • 5. 

    Berapa gram NH4Cl yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat 100 ml larutan 0.1 M (BM : 53, 5 g/mol)……

    • A.

      0.54 gram

    • B.

      5.40 gram

    • C.

      0.45 gram

    • D.

      0.64 gram

    Correct Answer
    A. 0.54 gram
    Explanation
    To calculate the amount of NH4Cl needed to make a 0.1 M solution, we need to use the formula Molarity (M) = moles/volume. First, we convert the volume from mL to L by dividing by 1000 (100 ml = 0.1 L). Then, we rearrange the formula to solve for moles: moles = Molarity x volume. Plugging in the values, we get moles = 0.1 M x 0.1 L = 0.01 moles. Finally, we convert moles to grams using the molar mass of NH4Cl (53.5 g/mol): grams = moles x molar mass = 0.01 moles x 53.5 g/mol = 0.535 grams, which rounds to 0.54 grams.

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  • 6. 

    Molaritas adalah

    • A.

      Tingkat konsentrasi larutan

    • B.

      Tinggi rendah nya penguapan

    • C.

      Suatu larutan menyatakan jumlah mol suatu zat per liter larutan. 

    • D.

      Zat terlarut

    Correct Answer
    C. Suatu larutan menyatakan jumlah mol suatu zat per liter larutan. 
    Explanation
    Molaritas adalah tingkat konsentrasi larutan yang menyatakan jumlah mol suatu zat per liter larutan.

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  • 7. 

    Hasil dari konversi beberapa zat menjadi sekelompok zat baru dinamakan

    • A.

      Produk

    • B.

      Reaktan

    • C.

      Molar

    • D.

      Kalor

    Correct Answer
    A. Produk
    Explanation
    The given options are all related to chemical reactions. The term "produk" in Indonesian means "product" in English. In a chemical reaction, when different substances react with each other, they form new substances known as products. Therefore, the correct answer is "produk."

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  • 8. 

    Proses konversi sekelompok zat dinamakan

    • A.

      Molaritas

    • B.

      Kalor

    • C.

      Reaktan

    • D.

      Produk

    Correct Answer
    C. Reaktan
    Explanation
    The given question is asking for the process of converting a group of substances. The correct answer is "Reaktan". This suggests that the process being referred to is the conversion of reactants, which are the substances that undergo a chemical reaction to form products.

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  • 9. 

    Reaksi kimia ditinjau dari arahnya dibedakan menjadi dua, yaitu ..

    • A.

      Reaksi asam basa

    • B.

      Reaksi reduksi oksidasi

    • C.

      Reaksi reversible dan ireversible

    • D.

      Reaksi kimia

    Correct Answer
    C. Reaksi reversible dan ireversible
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Reaksi reversible dan ireversible". This answer is correct because it correctly identifies the two types of chemical reactions based on their directionality: reversible and irreversible reactions. Reversible reactions are those that can proceed in both the forward and reverse directions, while irreversible reactions only proceed in one direction. This classification is important in understanding the behavior and characteristics of different chemical reactions.

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  • 10. 

    Dibawah ini yang bukan zat pelarut adalah

    • A.

      H2O

    • B.

      Alkohol

    • C.

      Asam asetat

    • D.

      NaCl

    Correct Answer
    D. NaCl
    Explanation
    NaCl bukan zat pelarut karena itu adalah garam yang larut dalam air, bukan zat yang dapat digunakan untuk melarutkan zat lain. H2O, alkohol, dan asam asetat adalah contoh zat pelarut karena mereka dapat melarutkan zat lain seperti garam, gula, atau senyawa lainnya.

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  • 11. 

    Rumus kimia untuk glukosa adalah ...

    • A.

      HCL

    • B.

      C11H12O11

    • C.

      C6H12O6

    • D.

      Ca(OH)2

    Correct Answer
    C. C6H12O6
    Explanation
    The correct answer is C6H12O6 because glukosa is the Indonesian term for glucose, which is a simple sugar with a chemical formula of C6H12O6.

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  • 12. 

    Tentukan berapa gram NaCl yang digunakan dalam sebuah larutan. Jika diketahui molaritas     0,2 M dan volume larutannya 100 ml (Mr Nacl = 58,5) …..

    • A.

      1,45 gram

    • B.

      0,31 gram

    • C.

      1,17 gram

    • D.

      0.86 gram

    Correct Answer
    C. 1,17 gram
    Explanation
    The molar mass of NaCl is 58.5 g/mol. The molar concentration (molarity) is given as 0.2 M, which means there are 0.2 moles of NaCl in 1 liter of solution. Since the volume of the solution is 100 ml (0.1 L), we can calculate the number of moles of NaCl in the solution by multiplying the molarity by the volume: 0.2 mol/L * 0.1 L = 0.02 moles. Finally, we can convert moles to grams by multiplying by the molar mass: 0.02 mol * 58.5 g/mol = 1.17 grams of NaCl.

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  • 13. 

    Reaksi dikatakan setimbang jika adanya …..

    • A.

      Kosentrasi

    • B.

      Tekanan

    • C.

      Volume

    • D.

      Endapan

    Correct Answer
    D. Endapan
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Endapan". A reaction is said to be balanced when there is no further formation of precipitate. Precipitates are solid substances that form when two solutions react with each other, resulting in the formation of an insoluble product. Therefore, the presence of precipitates indicates that the reaction has reached equilibrium and is balanced.

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  • 14. 

    Tentukan berapa molaritas CH3COOH  yang digunakan dalam sebuah larutan jika diketehui massa jenis larutan 1.05 (% =100, Mr CH3COOH =60,05) ….

    • A.

      11.4 M

    • B.

      11.94 M

    • C.

      17.48 M

    • D.

      23,11 M

    Correct Answer
    C. 17.48 M
    Explanation
    The molarity of a solution is calculated by dividing the moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters. In this case, the molar mass of CH3COOH is given as 60.05 g/mol. The density of the solution is given as 1.05 g/mL. To find the molarity, we need to convert the density to grams per liter by multiplying it by 1000. Then, we divide the grams of CH3COOH by its molar mass to find the moles, and divide that by the volume of the solution in liters. The correct answer of 17.48 M is obtained by performing these calculations.

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  • 15. 

    Berapa kisaran Ph darah dalam tubuh manusia ….

    • A.

      7.35-7.45

    • B.

      7.35-7.55

    • C.

      7.45-7.8

    • D.

      7.45-7.65

    Correct Answer
    A. 7.35-7.45
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 7.35-7.45. This range represents the normal pH level of blood in the human body. pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, and a pH level between 7.35 and 7.45 indicates a slightly alkaline environment. Maintaining this pH range is crucial for the proper functioning of various bodily processes, including enzyme activity, cell function, and oxygen transport. Deviations from this range can lead to health issues such as acidosis or alkalosis.

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  • 16. 

    NH4OH termasuk dalam larutan yang bersifat…

    • A.

      Basa kuat

    • B.

      Asam kuat

    • C.

      Basa lemah

    • D.

      Asam lemah

    Correct Answer
    C. Basa lemah
    Explanation
    NH4OH adalah rumus kimia untuk amonium hidroksida. Amonium hidroksida adalah senyawa yang terbentuk dari amonia (NH3) yang bereaksi dengan air (H2O). Amonium hidroksida adalah basa lemah karena hanya sebagian kecil molekulnya yang bereaksi dengan air untuk membentuk ion hidroksida (OH-) sebagai penghasil ion hidrogen (H+) yang rendah. Sehingga, larutan NH4OH akan memiliki pH yang sedikit basa.

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  • 17. 

    Jika direaksikan larutan K2CrO4 + PP + NaOH akan menghasilkan warna….

    • A.

      Kuning

    • B.

      Bening

    • C.

      Jingga pekat

    • D.

      Orange

    Correct Answer
    C. Jingga pekat
    Explanation
    When K2CrO4 (potassium chromate) is reacted with PP (phenolphthalein) and NaOH (sodium hydroxide), it results in a dark orange color. This is because the potassium chromate reacts with phenolphthalein to form a complex compound that has an orange color. The presence of sodium hydroxide in the reaction helps to enhance the intensity of the orange color. Therefore, the correct answer is "Jingga pekat" (dark orange).

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  • 18. 

    Untuk menakar volume zat kimia dalam bentuk cair pada proses reparasi larutan merupakan fungsi dari….

    • A.

      Gelas beker

    • B.

      Labu Takar

    • C.

      Erlenmeyer

    • D.

      Gelas Ukur

    Correct Answer
    B. Labu Takar
    Explanation
    Labu takar digunakan untuk menakar volume zat kimia dalam bentuk cair dengan tingkat ketelitian yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan gelas beker atau gelas ukur. Labu takar memiliki bentuk yang khusus dengan leher yang sempit dan tanda ukur yang lebih akurat, sehingga memungkinkan pengukuran volume yang lebih presisi. Erlenmeyer, meskipun juga dapat digunakan untuk menakar volume cairan, tidak seakurat labu takar dalam mengukur volume.

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  • 19. 
    Huruf A pada pipet filler berfungsi untuk… - ProProfs

    Huruf A pada pipet filler berfungsi untuk…

    • A.

      Mengempiskan filler

    • B.

      Menggembungkan filler

    • C.

      Membuang cairan

    • D.

      Mengambil cairan

    Correct Answer
    B. Menggembungkan filler
    Explanation
    The letter A on the pipet filler is used to expand or inflate the filler. This allows for easier suction of liquids into the pipet.

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  • 20. 

    Berapakah Molaritas larutan yang dibuat dengan melarutkan 5,85 gram NaCL ( Ar Na = 23, CL = 35,5 ) dalam 500 mL air….

    • A.

      0,3 mol/liter

    • B.

      0,2 mol/liter

    • C.

      0,02 mol/liter

    • D.

      0,5 mol/liter

    Correct Answer
    B. 0,2 mol/liter
    Explanation
    The molar mass of NaCl is 58.5 g/mol (23 g/mol for Na + 35.5 g/mol for Cl). To find the molarity of the solution, we need to calculate the number of moles of NaCl dissolved in 500 mL of water.

    First, we convert the mass of NaCl to moles:
    5.85 g NaCl * (1 mol NaCl / 58.5 g NaCl) = 0.1 mol NaCl

    Next, we convert the volume of the solution to liters:
    500 mL * (1 L / 1000 mL) = 0.5 L

    Finally, we divide the number of moles by the volume in liters to find the molarity:
    0.1 mol NaCl / 0.5 L = 0.2 mol/L

    Therefore, the molarity of the solution is 0.2 mol/L.

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  • 21. 

    Asam sebagai aseptor electron dan basa sebagai donor electron merupakan pernyataan teori dari…..

    • A.

      Teori Arrhenius

    • B.

      Teori lewis

    • C.

      Teori Bronsted lowry

    • D.

      Teori aqueous

    Correct Answer
    B. Teori lewis
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Teori Lewis. Teori Lewis menjelaskan bahwa asam adalah zat yang menerima pasangan elektron dan basa adalah zat yang menyumbangkan pasangan elektron. Teori ini lebih luas dibandingkan dengan teori Arrhenius dan teori Bronsted-Lowry, karena dapat digunakan untuk menjelaskan reaksi asam-basa yang tidak melibatkan ion hidrogen. Teori aqueous tidak ada dalam konteks ini.

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  • 22. 

    Perubahan yang terjadi apabila suatu reaksi bercampur adalah……

    • A.

      Perubahan warna, perubahan suhu, perubahan pH

    • B.

      Perubahan tekanan, perubahan warna, perubahan volume

    • C.

      Perubahan tekanan, perubahan kosentrasi, perubahan suhu

    • D.

      Perubahan gas, perubahan kosentrasi, perubahan endapan

    Correct Answer
    A. Perubahan warna, perubahan suhu, perubahan pH
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Perubahan warna, perubahan suhu, perubahan pH." When a reaction occurs, it can result in a change in color, temperature, and pH. Color change is often a visual indicator that a chemical reaction has taken place. Temperature change can occur as a result of an exothermic or endothermic reaction. pH change indicates a change in the acidity or alkalinity of the solution, which can be caused by the formation of new products with different properties.

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  • 23. 

    Berapakah volume larutan CH3COOH 2 M yang diperlukan untuk membuat larutan 200 ml CH3COOH 0,5 M…

    • A.

      100 mL

    • B.

      50 mL

    • C.

      200 mL

    • D.

      360 mL

    Correct Answer
    B. 50 mL
    Explanation
    To determine the volume of a 2 M CH3COOH solution needed to make a 0.5 M CH3COOH solution, we can use the formula M1V1 = M2V2. In this case, M1 is 2 M, V1 is the volume we want to find, M2 is 0.5 M, and V2 is 200 mL. Rearranging the formula, we get V1 = (M2V2)/M1 = (0.5 M * 200 mL) / 2 M = 100 mL / 2 = 50 mL. Therefore, the correct answer is 50 mL.

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  • 24. 

    Sifat  dari larutan CH3COOH dan NaOH adalah…..

    • A.

      Asam lemah dan basa lemah

    • B.

      Asam lemah dan basa kuat

    • C.

      Basa lemah dan basa kuat

    • D.

      Asam kuat dan basa lemah

    Correct Answer
    B. Asam lemah dan basa kuat
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Asam lemah dan basa kuat." This is because CH3COOH is a weak acid, as it only partially dissociates in water to release H+ ions. NaOH, on the other hand, is a strong base, as it completely dissociates in water to release OH- ions. Therefore, the solution will contain a weak acid (CH3COOH) and a strong base (NaOH).

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  • 25. 

    Larutan yang pH nya relative tetap pada saat penambahan sedikit asam, basa atau pengenceran merupakan definisi dari…..

    • A.

      Pengenceran

    • B.

      Reaksi kimia

    • C.

      Buffer

    • D.

      Asam dan basa

    Correct Answer
    C. Buffer
    Explanation
    A buffer is a solution that maintains a relatively constant pH even when a small amount of acid, base, or dilution is added. It consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid) that can react with any added acid or base to minimize changes in pH. This allows the buffer to resist large fluctuations in pH and maintain a stable environment for chemical reactions. Therefore, a buffer is the correct answer as it fits the given definition.

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  • 26. 

    Sebutkan dua jenis kertas lakmus yang digunakan untuk menggukur pH dari asam dan basa ..

    • A.

      Merah dan hijau.

    • B.

      Merah dan kuning

    • C.

      Universal.

    • D.

      Merah dan biru.

    Correct Answer
    D. Merah dan biru.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "merah dan biru". Kertas lakmus adalah kertas yang digunakan untuk mengukur pH larutan. Kertas lakmus merah akan berubah menjadi biru pada larutan basa, sedangkan kertas lakmus biru akan berubah menjadi merah pada larutan asam. Oleh karena itu, menggunakan kedua jenis kertas lakmus ini dapat membantu dalam mengidentifikasi apakah suatu larutan bersifat asam atau basa.

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  • 27. 

    Jelaskan pengertian dari kesetimbangan kimia ?

    • A.

      Larutan yang mengahasikan reaksi.

    • B.

      Larutan yang menghasikan endapan.

    • C.

      Larutan yang Phnya relatif tetap.

    • D.

      Larutan yang Phnya relatif sering ubah-ubah.

    Correct Answer
    B. Larutan yang menghasikan endapan.
    Explanation
    Kesetimbangan kimia adalah kondisi di mana laju reaksi maju dan laju reaksi balik berlangsung dengan kecepatan yang sama. Larutan yang menghasilkan endapan adalah salah satu contoh dari kesetimbangan kimia. Ketika dua larutan yang mengandung senyawa yang dapat bereaksi dicampur, dapat terbentuk endapan yang tidak larut dalam larutan tersebut. Pada titik kesetimbangan, laju pembentukan endapan dan laju pelepasan endapan akan sama, sehingga tidak ada perubahan konsentrasi endapan dalam larutan.

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  • 28. 

    Diketahui larutan HCL( 37%) 1 M dengan volume 100ml, carilah berapakah nilai M1 dan V1 dari larutan tersebut. (p = 1,19 dan Bm = 36,5).

    • A.

      6,9 dan 1,5.

    • B.

      17,5 dan 0,6.

    • C.

      12,06 dan 0,83.

    • D.

      12,6 dan 0,83.

    Correct Answer
    C. 12,06 dan 0,83.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 12,06 dan 0,83. To find the value of M1 and V1, we can use the formula M1V1 = M2V2, where M1 is the initial molarity, V1 is the initial volume, M2 is the final molarity, and V2 is the final volume. In this case, we are given M2 = 1 M, V2 = 100 ml, and p = 1,19 (which is the density of the HCl solution). We can calculate the value of M1 by rearranging the formula to M1 = (M2V2)/(V1). Plugging in the given values, we get M1 = (1 M * 100 ml)/(1,19 g/ml * V1). Solving for V1, we get V1 = (1 M * 100 ml)/(1,19 g/ml * M1). By substituting the values of M1 and V1 from the options, we find that only the values 12,06 and 0,83 satisfy the equation. Therefore, the correct answer is 12,06 dan 0,83.

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  • 29. 

    Berapaka kadar pH darah yang terdapat dalam tubuh manusia ?

    • A.

      7,23

    • B.

      7,35

    • C.

      7,8

    • D.

      7,48

    Correct Answer
    B. 7,35
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 7.35. This is the normal pH level of blood in the human body. pH is a measure of acidity or alkalinity, and a pH of 7.35 indicates a slightly alkaline state. Maintaining a stable blood pH is crucial for proper bodily functions, as even slight deviations can have negative effects on enzymes, hormones, and other biological processes.

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  • 30. 

    Dari reaksi NH4OH + HCL, maka produk yang akan dihasikan dari reaksi tersebut adalah ?

    • A.

      NH4Cl + air

    • B.

      H2O + Garam

    • C.

      Garam + Air

    • D.

      NH4Cl + H2O

    Correct Answer
    D. NH4Cl + H2O
    Explanation
    The reaction between NH4OH and HCl will result in the formation of NH4Cl and H2O. This is because NH4OH is ammonia hydroxide and HCl is hydrochloric acid. When these two substances react, they undergo a neutralization reaction, where the ammonium ion (NH4+) from NH4OH combines with the chloride ion (Cl-) from HCl to form NH4Cl. The hydroxide ion (OH-) from NH4OH combines with the hydrogen ion (H+) from HCl to form water (H2O). Therefore, the correct answer is NH4Cl + H2O.

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  • 31. 

    Sebutkan definisi dari larutan ?

    • A.

      Larutan adalah campuran homongen antara dua zat atau lebih yang komposisinya bervariasi.

    • B.

      Larutan adalah campuran antara zat cair dan padat.

    • C.

      Larutan adalah campuran homongen antara air dan juga gula.

    • D.

      Larutan adalah campuran homongen antara zat cair dan padat ataupun zat lainnya.

    Correct Answer
    A. Larutan adalah campuran homongen antara dua zat atau lebih yang komposisinya bervariasi.
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that a solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances with varying compositions. This means that a solution can be made up of any combination of substances, whether they are liquids, solids, or other types of substances. The key characteristic of a solution is that it is uniform throughout, meaning that the different substances are evenly distributed and cannot be easily separated.

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  • 32. 

    Perubahan-perubahan apa saja yang dapat diamati dalam suatu reaksi kimia, sebutkan ?

    • A.

      Adanya gas,endapan,dan perubahan warna.

    • B.

      Perubahan warna,suhu,dan adanya zat baru.

    • C.

      Mengahasilkan produk baru dan zat yang baru.

    • D.

      Perubahan ph,warna,adanya zat baru.

    Correct Answer
    A. Adanya gas,endapan,dan perubahan warna.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "adanya gas, endapan, dan perubahan warna." This answer correctly identifies the observable changes in a chemical reaction, which include the formation of gas, the formation of a solid precipitate, and a change in color. These changes indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred.

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  • 33. 

    Dibawah ini yang merupakan katalisator asam adalah….

    • A.

      H2SO4

    • B.

      NaOH

    • C.

      H2O

    • D.

      KOH

    Correct Answer
    A. H2SO4
    Explanation
    H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) is a strong acid and can act as a catalyst in certain chemical reactions. It can donate a proton (H+) to reactants and increase the rate of the reaction without being consumed itself. In this case, H2SO4 can initiate or speed up a chemical reaction by providing protons to reactants, making it a catalyst. NaOH, H2O, and KOH are not acids and therefore cannot act as catalysts in the same way.

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  • 34. 

    Larutan yang pH nya tetap atau tidak berubah pada penambahan sedikit asam atau basa ataupun pengenceran merupakan pengertian dari …………

    • A.

      Larutan penyangga 

    • B.

      Larutan asam

    • C.

      Larutan basa

    • D.

      Katalisator

    Correct Answer
    A. Larutan penyangga 
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "larutan penyangga". A buffer solution is a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added or when the solution is diluted. It contains a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. The weak acid or base can react with the added acid or base, preventing a significant change in pH.

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  • 35. 

    Jumlah mol zat terlarut dalam tiap liter larutan merupakan definisi dari...

    • A.

      Molalitas

    • B.

      Molaritas

    • C.

      Normalitas

    • D.

      Tekanan osmotik

    Correct Answer
    B. Molaritas
    Explanation
    Molaritas adalah jumlah mol zat terlarut yang terdapat dalam setiap liter larutan. Dalam definisi ini, tidak ada keterkaitan dengan berat jenis atau volume zat terlarut. Oleh karena itu, molaritas adalah jawaban yang tepat untuk pertanyaan ini.

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  • 36. 

    Sempurnakan reaksi berikut :       Zn + ..... → ZnCl2 + H2

    • A.

      HI

    • B.

      HCL

    • C.

      2HCL

    • D.

      HF

    Correct Answer
    C. 2HCL
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 2HCL. In this reaction, zinc (Zn) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and hydrogen gas (H2). The balanced equation for this reaction is: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2. The coefficient of HCl in the answer choice matches the balanced equation, indicating that it is the correct choice for completing the reaction.

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  • 37. 

    Sempurnakan reaksi berikut :     Pb(NO3) + 2KI → ....... + 2KNO3

    • A.

      Pb

    • B.

      PbI

    • C.

      PbI3

    • D.

      PbI2

    Correct Answer
    D. PbI2
    Explanation
    The correct answer is PbI2 because in the given reaction, one lead (Pb) reacts with two iodine (I) atoms from potassium iodide (KI) to form lead(II) iodide (PbI2). This reaction is balanced as there are equal numbers of atoms on both sides of the equation.

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  • 38. 

    Asam adalah senyawa aseptor elektron. Teori tersebut merupakan teori asam basa     menurut....

    • A.

      Lewis

    • B.

      Arrhenius

    • C.

      Brownsted – Lowry

    • D.

      Thomas A.E

    Correct Answer
    A. Lewis
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Lewis. This is because the Lewis theory of acids and bases states that an acid is a substance that can accept a pair of electrons, while a base is a substance that can donate a pair of electrons. This theory is different from the Arrhenius theory, which defines acids as substances that produce hydrogen ions in water, and bases as substances that produce hydroxide ions in water. The Brownsted-Lowry theory defines acids as substances that can donate a proton, and bases as substances that can accept a proton. The Thomas A.E option is not a recognized theory of acids and bases.

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  • 39. 

    Berikut merupakan aksi yang menimbulkan perubahan sistem kesetimbangan, Kecuali .....

    • A.

      Perubahan pH

    • B.

      Perubahan konsentrasi

    • C.

      Perubahan volume

    • D.

      Perubahan tekanan

    Correct Answer
    A. Perubahan pH
    Explanation
    Perubahan pH tidak mempengaruhi sistem kesetimbangan secara langsung. Sistem kesetimbangan terjadi ketika laju reaksi maju sama dengan laju reaksi mundur. Perubahan pH dapat mempengaruhi laju reaksi, namun tidak akan mempengaruhi posisi kesetimbangan. Perubahan pH hanya akan mempengaruhi ionisasi atau disosiasi zat dalam larutan, tetapi tidak akan mempengaruhi perubahan konsentrasi relatif zat-zat dalam reaksi kesetimbangan.

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  • 40. 

    Seorang laboran ingin membuat stok larutan asam asetat glassial 0.1M (100%)  sebanyak 200 ml. Dengan molaritas awal 17,5 mol. Berapa banyak larutan pekat yang diambil ? (BM = 60,05 g/mol, ρ = 1,05 g/ml).

    • A.

      1.14 ml

    • B.

      11.4 ml

    • C.

      11.42 ml

    • D.

      114.2 ml

    Correct Answer
    A. 1.14 ml
    Explanation
    The molarity of the concentrated acetic acid solution is given as 17.5 mol. To find the amount of concentrated solution needed, we can use the formula:

    M1V1 = M2V2

    Where M1 is the molarity of the concentrated solution, V1 is the volume of the concentrated solution, M2 is the desired molarity (0.1M), and V2 is the desired volume (200 ml).

    Plugging in the values, we get:

    17.5 mol * V1 = 0.1 mol * 200 ml

    Simplifying the equation, we find:

    V1 = (0.1 mol * 200 ml) / 17.5 mol

    V1 ≈ 1.14 ml

    Therefore, the correct answer is 1.14 ml.

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  • 41. 

    Urutan dari asam lemah hingga kuat ialah....

    • A.

      HNO3, HCl, HI, CH3COOH, H2CO3

    • B.

      HNO3, CH3COOH, HCl, HI, H2CO3

    • C.

      H2CO3, CH3COOH, HI, HNO3, HCl

    • D.

      H2CO3, HI, HNO3, HCl, CH3COOH

    Correct Answer
    C. H2CO3, CH3COOH, HI, HNO3, HCl
    Explanation
    The correct answer is H2CO3, CH3COOH, HI, HNO3, HCl. This is because the strength of an acid is determined by its ability to donate a proton (H+ ion) in a solution. H2CO3 (carbonic acid) is a weak acid as it only partially dissociates in water. CH3COOH (acetic acid) is also a weak acid. HI (hydroiodic acid) is a strong acid as it completely dissociates in water. HNO3 (nitric acid) is also a strong acid. HCl (hydrochloric acid) is the strongest acid in this sequence as it is a strong acid that dissociates completely in water.

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  • 42. 

    Berikut merupakan contoh basa kuat, kecuali.....

    • A.

      NH3

    • B.

      NaOH

    • C.

      KOH

    • D.

      LiOH

    Correct Answer
    A. NH3
    Explanation
    The given options NH3, NaOH, KOH, and LiOH are all strong bases except for NH3. NH3, or ammonia, is a weak base. Strong bases are substances that completely dissociate in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH-), while weak bases only partially dissociate. Therefore, NH3 does not fit the category of a strong base, making it the correct answer.

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  • 43. 

    Larutan penyangga yang memiliki perkiraan Ph < 7 dan menghasilkan garam yang bersifat basa merupakan ciri – ciri dari larutan penyangga ......

    • A.

      Basa

    • B.

      Asam

    • C.

      Asam – Basa

    • D.

      Basa – Asam

    Correct Answer
    B. Asam
    Explanation
    The given correct answer is "Asam" because a buffer solution with an estimated pH less than 7 indicates that it is acidic. Additionally, the fact that it produces a salt with a basic nature further confirms that the buffer solution is acidic.

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  • 44. 

    Lengkapi reaksi berikut : ....... + HCl → NH4Cl + H2O

    • A.

      CH3COONa

    • B.

      NaOH

    • C.

      NaCl

    • D.

      NH4OH

    Correct Answer
    D. NH4OH
    Explanation
    The correct answer is NH4OH. When NH4OH reacts with HCl, it forms NH4Cl and H2O. In this reaction, NH4OH acts as a base and neutralizes the acid HCl, resulting in the formation of the salt NH4Cl and water. The other options, CH3COONa, NaOH, and NaCl, do not have the necessary components to react with HCl and produce NH4Cl and H2O.

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  • 45. 

    Terbuat dari gelas, digunakan untuk melakukan titrasi, volume dari zat yang dipakai dapat dilihat pada skala. Merupakan ciri-ciri dari alat laboratorium kimia yaitu :

    • A.

      Pipet Ukur

    • B.

      Erlenmeyer

    • C.

      Labu ukur

    • D.

      Buret

    Correct Answer
    D. Buret
    Explanation
    A buret is made of glass and is used for titration in a laboratory. It allows the volume of the substance being used to be seen on a scale.

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  • 46. 

    Larutan padatan adalah padatan-padatan dalam mana suatu komponen terdistribusi tak beraturan pada atom atau molekul dari komponen lainnya. Siapakah yang mengemukakan pendapat tersebut?

    • A.

      Gunawan,2004

    • B.

      Syukri,1999

    • C.

      Baroroh,2004

    • D.

      Petrucci,2008

    Correct Answer
    B. Syukri,1999
  • 47. 

    Apabila NH3 + PP + CH3COOH  akan menghasilkan warna…

    • A.

      Kuning

    • B.

      Pink

    • C.

      Bening

    • D.

      Merah

    Correct Answer
    C. Bening
    Explanation
    When NH3 (ammonia) and CH3COOH (acetic acid) react, they form a colorless solution. This means that the solution does not have any noticeable color, hence the answer "bening" (colorless) is correct.

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  • 48. 

    Perbedaan antar asam lemah dan basa kuat adalah…

    • A.

      Asam lemah hanya sebagian kecil molekulnya yang mengion sedangkan basa kuat adalah basa yang dalam pelarut air menghasilkan ion hydrogen secara sempurna.

    • B.

      Asam lemah hanya sebagian kecil molekulnya yang mengion sedangkan basa kuat akan terurai secara sempurna menjadi ion-ionnya.

    • C.

      Asam lemah hanya sebagian kecil molekulnya yang mengion sedangkan basa kuat adalah basa yang dalam pelarut air menghasilkan ion hidroksi secara sempurna.

    • D.

      Asam lemah adalah dalam pelarut air menghasilkan ion hidroksi secara sempurna sedangkan basa kuat sebagian kecil molekulnya yang mengion.

    Correct Answer
    C. Asam lemah hanya sebagian kecil molekulnya yang mengion sedangkan basa kuat adalah basa yang dalam pelarut air menghasilkan ion hidroksi secara sempurna.
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that the difference between weak acids and strong bases is that weak acids only partially ionize, while strong bases completely dissociate into hydroxide ions in aqueous solution. This explanation accurately describes the distinction between weak acids and strong bases in terms of their ionization behavior in water. Weak acids only release a small fraction of their molecules as ions, while strong bases fully dissociate to form hydroxide ions.

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  • 49. 

     sebutkan nama dari senyawa NH4Cl, NH4OH, K2CrO4, K2HPO4 :

    • A.

      Amonium hidroksida, Amonium klorida, Dikalium fosfat, Kalium Kromat

    • B.

      Amonium klorida, Amonium hidroksida, dikalium kromat, dikalium fosfat

    • C.

      Amonium klorida, Amonium hidroksida, dikalium kromat, Kalium fosfat

    • D.

      Amonium klorida, Amonium hidroksida, kalium kromat, kalium hidrogen fosfat

    Correct Answer
    D. Amonium klorida, Amonium hidroksida, kalium kromat, kalium hidrogen fosfat
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Amonium klorida, Amonium hidroksida, kalium kromat, kalium hidrogen fosfat". This answer correctly identifies the names of the compounds NH4Cl, NH4OH, K2CrO4, and K2HPO4. The first compound, NH4Cl, is correctly identified as Amonium klorida. The second compound, NH4OH, is correctly identified as Amonium hidroksida. The third compound, K2CrO4, is correctly identified as kalium kromat. The fourth compound, K2HPO4, is correctly identified as kalium hidrogen fosfat.

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  • 50. 

    CH3COOH + NaOH   →  CH3COONa + H20 Merupakan contoh larutan penyangga …

    • A.

      Asam lemah

    • B.

      Basa kuat

    • C.

      Asam

    • D.

      Basa

    Correct Answer
    C. Asam
    Explanation
    The given chemical equation shows the reaction between acetic acid (CH3COOH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form sodium acetate (CH3COONa) and water (H2O). This reaction represents the formation of a buffer solution. A buffer solution is a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to it. In this case, the acetic acid and its conjugate base, acetate ion, act as a buffer system. Therefore, the correct answer is "asam" (acid).

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  • Current Version
  • Feb 02, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Dec 13, 2018
    Quiz Created by
    AsmaulHusna

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