Med Surg Exam 3
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The thyroid regulates ________.
Correct Answer
calcium, Calcium, CaExplanation
The thyroid gland is responsible for regulating the levels of calcium in the body. It does this by producing a hormone called calcitonin, which helps to lower calcium levels in the blood when they become too high. Calcium is an essential mineral that is important for various bodily functions, including bone health, muscle contraction, and nerve transmission. Therefore, maintaining the proper balance of calcium in the body is crucial for overall health and wellbeing.Rate this question:
- 2.
The thyroid is very vascular. True or false?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because the thyroid gland is highly vascularized, meaning it has a rich blood supply. This is important because the thyroid gland produces hormones that are released into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions. The high vascularity ensures efficient delivery of these hormones to target tissues and organs throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What does T4 stand for?
Correct Answer
thyroxine, ThyroxineExplanation
T4 stands for thyroxine, which is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and energy levels in the body. Thyroxine is also known as T4 because it contains four iodine atoms. The capitalization of the first letter in "Thyroxine" indicates that it is a proper noun and should be written with an uppercase letter.Rate this question:
- 4.
What does T3 stand for?
Correct Answer
Triiodothyronine, triiodothyronineExplanation
Triiodothyronine (T3) is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the body. T3 stands for triiodothyronine, which refers to the three iodine atoms present in its chemical structure. This hormone is essential for maintaining normal bodily functions and energy levels.Rate this question:
- 5.
Which is the most abundant?
- A.
Triiodothyronine
- B.
Thyroxine
Correct Answer
B. ThyroxineExplanation
Thyroxine is the most abundant hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism and energy levels. Triiodothyronine is another hormone produced by the thyroid gland, but it is present in smaller amounts compared to thyroxine. Therefore, thyroxine is the correct answer as it is the most abundant hormone between the two options given.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which is the most potent?
- A.
Triiodothyronine (T3)
- B.
Thyroxine (T4)
Correct Answer
A. Triiodothyronine (T3)Explanation
Triiodothyronine (T3) is the most potent hormone compared to thyroxine (T4). T3 is the active form of thyroid hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development. It has a higher affinity for thyroid hormone receptors and is more potent in activating gene transcription. T4, on the other hand, is the prohormone that is converted to T3 in the body. While T4 is more abundant, T3 is considered to have a stronger biological effect, making it the most potent hormone.Rate this question:
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- 7.
________ is needed for T3 & T4 conversion
Correct Answer
Iodine, iodineExplanation
Iodine is needed for the conversion of T3 and T4. The thyroid gland produces these hormones, but they are initially in an inactive form. The addition of iodine is necessary to activate them and convert them into their active forms. Therefore, an adequate supply of iodine is essential for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland and the production of these hormones.Rate this question:
- 8.
Which correlates with high TSH
- A.
Hypothyroidism
- B.
Hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer
A. HypothyroidismExplanation
Hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, which leads to decreased production of thyroid hormones. One of the primary hormones produced by the thyroid gland is TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone). In hypothyroidism, the levels of TSH in the blood are typically elevated as the body tries to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more hormones. Therefore, high TSH levels correlate with hypothyroidism rather than hyperthyroidism, where TSH levels would be low due to excessive thyroid hormone production.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which correlates with low TSH
- A.
Hypothyroidism
- B.
Hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer
B. HyperthyroidismExplanation
Also will have increased T4 and T3Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which s/sx are for hyperthyroidism.
- A.
Intolerance to heat
- B.
Bulging eyes
- C.
Tachycardia
- D.
Intolerance to cold
- E.
Receding hairline
- F.
Weight gain
- G.
Weight loss
Correct Answer(s)
A. Intolerance to heat
B. Bulging eyes
C. Tachycardia
G. Weight lossExplanation
Intolerance to cold, reducing hairline, and weight gain are s/sx of hypothyroidismRate this question:
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- 11.
What is the most common form of hyperthyroidism?
Correct Answer(s)
Graves disease, graves diseaseExplanation
Graves disease is the most common form of hyperthyroidism. It is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, causing it to produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. This leads to symptoms such as weight loss, rapid heartbeat, tremors, and anxiety. The repeated mention of "Graves disease" in the answer suggests that it is the correct response.Rate this question:
- 12.
Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Graves disease is indeed an autoimmune disorder. In this condition, the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, leading to the overproduction of thyroid hormones. This can result in symptoms such as weight loss, rapid heartbeat, and bulging eyes. The autoimmune nature of the disease means that the body's immune system is targeting its own cells and tissues, causing the dysfunction observed in Graves disease.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Should you palpate the thyroid as a nurse?
- A.
Yes
- B.
No
Correct Answer
B. NoExplanation
As a nurse, you should not palpate the thyroid. Palpating the thyroid requires specialized training and expertise, typically performed by a healthcare provider such as a physician or endocrinologist. The thyroid is a sensitive gland located in the neck, and improper palpation can cause discomfort or even harm to the patient. Therefore, it is important for nurses to refer patients to the appropriate healthcare professional for thyroid palpation rather than attempting it themselves.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which is an appropriate intervention for Graves disease?
- A.
Positioning the patient upright
- B.
Taping the eyes closed
- C.
Administering a bronchodilator
- D.
Frequent ambulation
Correct Answer
B. Taping the eyes closedExplanation
Taping the eyes closed is an appropriate intervention for Graves disease because it helps to protect the eyes from exposure and dryness, which are common symptoms of the condition. Graves disease can cause the eyelids to retract and the eyes to bulge, leading to increased sensitivity and potential damage to the cornea. Taping the eyes closed helps to keep the eyes lubricated and prevents further irritation and complications. This intervention can provide relief and promote healing for individuals with Graves disease.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which diagnostic test directly measures thyroid activity?
- A.
Blood levels
- B.
ABGs
- C.
Radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU)
- D.
Ultrasound
Correct Answer
C. Radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU)Explanation
Radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) is a diagnostic test that directly measures thyroid activity. It involves the administration of a small amount of radioactive iodine, which is then taken up by the thyroid gland. The amount of iodine absorbed by the thyroid is measured, providing information about its function and activity. This test is commonly used to diagnose conditions such as hyperthyroidism and to determine the cause of an enlarged thyroid gland. Blood levels, ABGs (arterial blood gases), and ultrasound are not direct measures of thyroid activity and do not provide the same level of information as RAIU.Rate this question:
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- 16.
RAIU test used to differentiate ________ from other causes of hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer
Graves, graves, Graves disease, graves diseaseExplanation
The RAIU test is used to differentiate Graves disease from other causes of hyperthyroidism. Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes the thyroid gland to produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormone. The RAIU test involves the administration of a radioactive iodine tracer, which allows the measurement of how much iodine is taken up by the thyroid gland. In Graves disease, the thyroid gland typically shows increased uptake of iodine compared to other causes of hyperthyroidism. Therefore, the RAIU test can help in distinguishing Graves disease from other conditions that may also result in hyperthyroidism.Rate this question:
- 17.
What is the treatment of choice for non-pregnant adults with hyperthyroidism?
Correct Answer
RAIU, radioactive iodine uptakeExplanation
RAIU, radioactive iodine uptake, is the treatment of choice for non-pregnant adults with hyperthyroidism. This is because radioactive iodine is selectively taken up by the overactive thyroid gland, leading to destruction of the thyroid tissue and reduction in thyroid hormone production. RAIU is a safe and effective treatment option that offers long-term control of hyperthyroidism. It is a preferred choice over other treatment options like antithyroid medications or surgery, as it does not require daily medication or carry the risks associated with surgery.Rate this question:
- 18.
RAIU can cause
- A.
Parotitis
- B.
Carditis
- C.
Thyroiditis
- D.
Gastritis
Correct Answer(s)
A. Parotitis
C. ThyroiditisExplanation
RAIU, or Radioactive Iodine Uptake, is a medical test used to evaluate the function of the thyroid gland. It involves the administration of a small amount of radioactive iodine to the patient, which is then taken up by the thyroid gland. Parotitis refers to inflammation of the parotid gland, which is located near the ear and can be caused by viral or bacterial infections. Thyroiditis, on the other hand, is inflammation of the thyroid gland itself. Both parotitis and thyroiditis are possible complications of RAIU, as the procedure can cause inflammation and irritation in these glands. Gastritis and carditis, inflammation of the stomach and heart respectively, are not directly related to RAIU.Rate this question:
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- 19.
RAIU has a delayed response. True or false?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
It can take up to 3 monthsRate this question:
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- 20.
Can you have thyrotoxicosis if you do not have hyperthyroidism?
- A.
Yes
- B.
No
Correct Answer
B. NoExplanation
Thyrotoxicosis only occurs in patients who already have hyperthyroidism.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which are s/sx of thyrotoxicosis?
- A.
Severe tachycardia
- B.
HF
- C.
Gastritis
- D.
Hyperthermia
- E.
Hypothermia
Correct Answer(s)
A. Severe tachycardia
B. HF
D. HyperthermiaExplanation
The symptoms and signs of thyrotoxicosis include severe tachycardia, heart failure (HF), and hyperthermia. Severe tachycardia refers to an abnormally fast heart rate, which is a common manifestation of thyrotoxicosis. Heart failure can occur due to the increased workload on the heart caused by the excessive production of thyroid hormones. Hyperthermia, or elevated body temperature, is another symptom of thyrotoxicosis as thyroid hormones can increase the body's metabolic rate. Gastritis and hypothermia are not typically associated with thyrotoxicosis.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What are s/sx of hypothyroidism
- A.
Intolerance to cold
- B.
Receding hairline
- C.
Weight loss
- D.
Weight gain
- E.
Slow speech
- F.
Bulging eyes
Correct Answer(s)
A. Intolerance to cold
B. Receding hairline
D. Weight gain
E. Slow speechExplanation
Weight loss and bulging eyes are s/sx of hyperthermiaRate this question:
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- 23.
Which has elevated TSH and decreased T4?
- A.
Hyperthyroidism
- B.
Hypothyroidism
Correct Answer
B. HypothyroidismExplanation
Hypothyroidism is the correct answer because it is characterized by elevated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and decreased levels of thyroxine (T4). TSH is produced by the pituitary gland to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce T4, which is the main hormone responsible for regulating metabolism. In hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is underactive and does not produce enough T4, leading to an increase in TSH levels as the body tries to compensate for the low thyroid hormone levels.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which type of hypothyroid category does this fall into? Destruction of thyroid tissue, defective hormone synthesis.
- A.
Primary
- B.
Secondary
Correct Answer
A. PrimaryExplanation
This question is asking about the type of hypothyroid category that involves the destruction of thyroid tissue and defective hormone synthesis. The correct answer is "Primary." In primary hypothyroidism, the problem originates in the thyroid gland itself, leading to reduced hormone production. This can be caused by various factors, including autoimmune diseases, radiation therapy, or surgical removal of the thyroid gland. Secondary hypothyroidism, on the other hand, occurs when the problem lies in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus, which affects the production of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and ultimately leads to decreased thyroid hormone levels.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which type of hypothyroid category does this fall into? Pituitary disease, thyroiditis, iodine containing medications
- A.
Primary
- B.
Secondary
Correct Answer
B. SecondaryExplanation
Secondary hypothyroidism refers to a condition where the thyroid gland is not able to produce enough thyroid hormones due to a problem in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus. In this case, the question provides options related to causes of secondary hypothyroidism, such as pituitary disease and thyroiditis. Iodine-containing medications are not typically associated with secondary hypothyroidism. Therefore, the correct answer is secondary.Rate this question:
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- 26.
What disease is chronic autoimmune thyroiditis?
Correct Answer
Hashimotos, hashimotosExplanation
Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is a disease commonly known as Hashimoto's disease. It is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and damage. This results in an underactive thyroid or hypothyroidism. The repeated attacks on the thyroid gland cause chronic inflammation, hence the term "chronic autoimmune thyroiditis." The answer provided, "Hashimotos, hashimotos," correctly identifies Hashimoto's disease as the chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.Rate this question:
- 27.
What is the most common cause of hypothyroid goiter?
Correct Answer
Hashimotos, hashimotoExplanation
The most common cause of hypothyroid goiter is Hashimoto's thyroiditis, also known as Hashimoto's disease. It is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and eventual destruction of the thyroid tissue. This results in an underactive thyroid gland, leading to hypothyroidism. The goiter, or enlargement of the thyroid gland, occurs as a response to the inflammation and attempts by the thyroid gland to produce more thyroid hormones.Rate this question:
- 28.
In thyroid cancer, the ________ is removed.
Correct Answer
thyroid, ThyroidExplanation
In thyroid cancer, the thyroid gland is removed. The thyroid gland is a small butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck that produces hormones that regulate metabolism. In cases of thyroid cancer, surgical removal of the thyroid gland is often necessary to remove the cancerous cells and prevent the spread of the disease. This procedure is called a thyroidectomy. It is important to remove the thyroid gland to eliminate the source of the cancer and to prevent further complications.Rate this question:
- 29.
What regulates calcium levels by secreting PTH?
Correct Answer
Parathyroid, parathyroid, parathyroid gland, Parathyroid glandExplanation
The parathyroid gland regulates calcium levels by secreting parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH helps to increase calcium levels in the blood by stimulating the release of calcium from bones, increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys, and enhancing the absorption of calcium from the intestines.Rate this question:
- 30.
When calcium is low, what does the parathyroid do?
- A.
Increase secretion
- B.
Decrease secretion
Correct Answer
A. Increase secretionExplanation
When calcium levels in the body are low, the parathyroid glands increase their secretion. This is because the parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is produced by the parathyroid glands, plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels. When calcium levels drop, the parathyroid glands detect this and release more PTH into the bloodstream. PTH then acts on the bones, kidneys, and intestines to increase calcium absorption, decrease calcium excretion, and stimulate the release of calcium from bones. This helps to raise calcium levels back to normal.Rate this question:
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- 31.
When calcium is high, what does the parathyroid do?
- A.
Increase secretion
- B.
Decrease secretion
Correct Answer
B. Decrease secretionExplanation
When calcium levels are high, the parathyroid glands decrease their secretion. This is because the parathyroid glands are responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body. When calcium levels are already high, there is no need for the parathyroid glands to continue secreting parathyroid hormone (PTH), which helps to increase calcium levels. Therefore, the parathyroid glands decrease their secretion of PTH in order to maintain balance and prevent calcium levels from becoming too high.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Thyroiditis can be
- A.
Bacterial
- B.
Fungal
- C.
Viral
Correct Answer(s)
A. Bacterial
B. Fungal
C. ViralExplanation
Thyroiditis can be caused by all of the above.Rate this question:
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- 33.
What are toxic nodular goiters associated with?
Correct Answer(s)
Hyperthyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hyperthyroidExplanation
Toxic nodular goiters are associated with hyperthyroidism, which is a condition characterized by an overactive thyroid gland. This means that the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms such as weight loss, increased heart rate, nervousness, and tremors. Toxic nodular goiters are specifically caused by the presence of autonomous thyroid nodules within the thyroid gland, which produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormones independently of the body's needs. This results in the development of hyperthyroidism. Therefore, toxic nodular goiters and hyperthyroidism are closely related.Rate this question:
- 34.
What can cause goiters?
- A.
Hypothyroidism
- B.
Hyperthyroidism
- C.
Both
Correct Answer
C. BothExplanation
Goiters are caused by iodine deficiency. Can result from hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidismRate this question:
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- 35.
What is long standing hypothyroidism called?
Correct Answer
Myxedema-severe, myxedema-severe, myxedema severe, Myxedema severeExplanation
Myxedema is a condition characterized by severe hypothyroidism, which is a long-standing deficiency of thyroid hormone. It is called "myxedema-severe" or "myxedema severe" to emphasize the severity of the hypothyroidism. The repetition of the term "myxedema-severe" and "myxedema severe" in the answer options may be due to typographical errors or redundancy. Nonetheless, the correct answer remains "Myxedema-severe" as it accurately describes the condition of long-standing hypothyroidism.Rate this question:
- 36.
Which category of hyperparathyroidism is this? Increased secretion of PTH. Most common reason is benign tumor of parathyroid gland.
- A.
Primary
- B.
Secondary
- C.
Tertiary
Correct Answer
A. PrimaryExplanation
This is an example of primary hyperparathyroidism. In primary hyperparathyroidism, there is an increased secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is often caused by a benign tumor of the parathyroid gland. Secondary hyperparathyroidism, on the other hand, occurs as a result of another underlying condition, such as kidney disease. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is a rare condition that develops after long-standing secondary hyperparathyroidism, where the parathyroid glands become hyperactive even after the underlying condition has been resolved.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Which category of hyperparathyroidism is this? Compensatory response to conditions that cause hypocalcemia.
- A.
Primary
- B.
Secondary
- C.
Tertiary
Correct Answer
B. SecondaryExplanation
Secondary hyperparathyroidism occurs as a compensatory response to conditions that cause hypocalcemia. In this condition, the parathyroid glands produce excessive amounts of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in an attempt to increase blood calcium levels. This can occur in response to chronic kidney disease, vitamin D deficiency, or malabsorption disorders, among other conditions. The excess PTH leads to increased bone resorption, which can cause bone pain and fractures. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause and may include vitamin D and calcium supplementation.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Kidney stuff i.e.: dialysis, chronic kidney disease, kidney transplant
- A.
Primary
- B.
Secondary
- C.
Tertiary
Correct Answer
C. TertiaryExplanation
The term "kidney stuff" refers to medical conditions related to the kidneys, such as dialysis, chronic kidney disease, and kidney transplant. The question is asking to categorize these conditions into primary, secondary, or tertiary. Without further context or information, it is difficult to determine the exact categorization. However, based on general medical terminology, it can be inferred that these conditions would fall under the tertiary category, which typically refers to specialized or advanced medical care for complex conditions.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Hyperparathyroidism is associated with symptoms of which electrolyte imbalance?
- A.
Hypocalcemia
- B.
Hypermagnesmia
- C.
Hyponatremia
- D.
Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer
D. HypercalcemiaExplanation
Hyperparathyroidism is a condition where the parathyroid glands produce excessive amounts of parathyroid hormone (PTH), resulting in increased calcium levels in the blood. Hypercalcemia is characterized by high levels of calcium in the blood, and it is a common symptom of hyperparathyroidism. Therefore, hyperparathyroidism is associated with symptoms of hypercalcemia rather than hypocalcemia, hypermagnesemia, or hyponatremia.Rate this question:
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- 40.
To get rid of calcium, you should ________ fluids.
Correct Answer
Increase, increaseExplanation
To get rid of calcium, you should increase fluids. Increasing fluid intake helps to flush out excess calcium from the body through urine. When there is a high level of calcium in the body, increasing fluid intake can help dilute it and promote its excretion. This can be particularly beneficial for individuals with conditions such as kidney stones or hypercalcemia, where excessive calcium levels need to be reduced. Increasing fluids also helps to maintain proper hydration, which is important for overall health and bodily functions.Rate this question:
- 41.
Hypoparathyroidism is common. True or false?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Hypoparathyroidism is uncommon.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Treatment of hypoparathyroidism is based to prevent acute complications of ________.
Correct Answer
Tetany, tetanyExplanation
The treatment of hypoparathyroidism is aimed at preventing acute complications of tetany. Tetany is a condition characterized by muscle spasms, twitching, and cramps, which can occur due to low levels of calcium in the blood. In hypoparathyroidism, the parathyroid glands do not produce enough parathyroid hormone, which is responsible for regulating calcium levels. Therefore, the treatment focuses on restoring calcium levels through calcium and vitamin D supplementation, as well as monitoring and maintaining appropriate levels of calcium in the blood to prevent the occurrence of tetany.Rate this question:
- 43.
What is the most common oral med for DMT2?
Correct Answer
Metformin, metforminExplanation
Metformin is the most common oral medication for type 2 diabetes (DMT2). It is a widely prescribed drug that helps to lower blood sugar levels by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing glucose production in the liver. Metformin is considered the first-line treatment for DMT2 as it is effective, well-tolerated, and has a low risk of causing hypoglycemia. Its popularity is also due to its additional benefits such as weight loss and cardiovascular protection. Therefore, it is not surprising that the correct answer for the most common oral med for DMT2 is Metformin.Rate this question:
- 44.
Is weight loss a symptom of DMT1 or DMT2?
- A.
DMT1
- B.
DMT2
Correct Answer
A. DMT1Explanation
Weight loss is a symptom of DMT1 (Type 1 diabetes). This is because in DMT1, the body is unable to produce insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. Without insulin, the body is unable to properly utilize glucose as an energy source, causing the body to break down fat and muscle for energy, resulting in weight loss. DMT2 (Type 2 diabetes), on the other hand, is characterized by insulin resistance, where the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels, but weight loss is not typically a symptom of DMT2.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Insulin allows ________ to move into the cells.
Correct Answer
Glucose, glucoseExplanation
Insulin is a hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. It allows glucose, which is a type of sugar, to move from the bloodstream into the cells of the body. This process is essential for providing energy to the cells and maintaining normal blood sugar levels.Rate this question:
- 46.
In a patient on Metformin, how long do you need to wait before starting Metformin again after a CT w contrast (dye)?
- A.
4 hours
- B.
8 hours
- C.
24 hours
- D.
48 hours
Correct Answer
D. 48 hoursExplanation
After a CT scan with contrast dye, it is recommended to wait for 48 hours before restarting Metformin in a patient. This waiting period allows the body to eliminate the contrast dye, reducing the risk of developing a condition called lactic acidosis. Lactic acidosis is a rare but serious side effect of Metformin, and the contrast dye can further increase the risk. Waiting for 48 hours ensures the safe use of Metformin without compromising the patient's health.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Which is a biguanides?
- A.
Metformin
- B.
Glipizide
- C.
Glyburide
- D.
Acarbose
Correct Answer
A. MetforminExplanation
Metformin is classified as a biguanide. Biguanides are a type of oral medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. They work by decreasing the production of glucose in the liver and improving the body's response to insulin. Metformin is commonly prescribed as a first-line treatment for diabetes due to its effectiveness in lowering blood sugar levels and its low risk of causing hypoglycemia. Glipizide and glyburide are sulfonylureas, another class of diabetes medications, while acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Which are sulfonylureas?
- A.
Metformin
- B.
Glipizide
- C.
Glyburide
- D.
Glumepride
- E.
Repaglinide
- F.
Acarbose
Correct Answer(s)
B. Glipizide
C. Glyburide
D. GlumeprideExplanation
Sulfonylureas are a class of medications used to treat type 2 diabetes. They work by stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin, which helps lower blood sugar levels. Glipizide, glyburide, and glimepiride are all examples of sulfonylureas. These drugs are commonly prescribed to patients who are unable to control their blood sugar levels through diet and exercise alone. They are usually taken orally and can have side effects such as low blood sugar levels and weight gain. It is important for patients taking sulfonylureas to monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and follow their healthcare provider's instructions.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Which is a fast acting insulin?
- A.
Lispro
- B.
Regular
- C.
NPH
- D.
Glargine
Correct Answer
A. LisproExplanation
Lispro is a fast-acting insulin because it is designed to be absorbed quickly into the bloodstream after injection. It starts working within 15 minutes, peaks in about 1-2 hours, and lasts for about 3-4 hours. This rapid onset and short duration make it ideal for controlling blood sugar spikes that occur after meals. Regular insulin, on the other hand, has a slower onset and longer duration, making it a short-acting insulin. NPH and Glargine are both long-acting insulins, providing a more steady and prolonged effect.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Which is a short acting insulin?
- A.
Lispro
- B.
Regular
- C.
NPH
- D.
Glargine detemir
Correct Answer
B. RegularExplanation
Regular insulin is considered a short-acting insulin because it has a relatively quick onset of action and a shorter duration of action compared to other types of insulin. It is typically taken before meals to help control blood sugar levels during and after eating. Regular insulin is often used in combination with longer-acting insulins to provide better glycemic control throughout the day.Rate this question:
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