.
C.Diphtheria
S. aureus
MTB
E .coli
Neutrophils
NK cells
Gastric acids
Lysozymes
Natural active
Natural passive
Artificial passive
Artificial active
HAV
HBV
Rabies
HIV
Vaccine is an antibodies
Vaccines induce natural active immunity
Vaccines are specific immunogenic agents
Non of the above
MMR vaccine can reach 100% coverage
Live attenuated vaccines should not be given during pregnancy
Vaccines can be given to leukemic patient
HAJ vaccine is meningococcal vaccine
Located on short arm of Chromosome 6
Class 1a & Class 2 are highly polymorphic
It plays a major role in transplantation rejection
They include blood group antigens
After previous acute rejection
Low number of compatible HLA gens
Inadequate immune suppression
All of the above
Aging
Doner’s leukocytes transfusion
High radiation dose
Transplantation from male to female
Autograft: same individual
Xenograft : from different species
Allograft : genetically identical members from the same species
Isograft : genetically identical members from the same species
Thrombotic occlusion of graft
Pre-existing antibodies in the host
Occurs after xenograft transplantation
All of the above
lung transplantation
Kidney transplantation
Liver transplantation
Heart transplantation
Azathioprine
Cyclosporin
Prednisolone
Non of the above
CD4+ T cells
CD8+ T cells
B cells
Macrophages
Mutated BCR/ABl
Tyrosinase & MART
GM2/GD2
Non of the above
Failure to produce Antigens
Mutation in HLA genes
Over expression of P53 gene
Secreting inhibitory cytokines
BCG is given as one dose attenuated vaccine
It can reach 5 years effect
Its used against melanoma
It can be given as special occupation vaccine
tumor vaccines
T cell inhibitors blockades
LAK
Monoclonal anti-bodies
N-Acetyle glucosamine
N-Acetyle galactosamine
D- galactose
B & C
Has Anti-H antibodies
Universal recipient
Universal donor
Has both A & B antigens
AB negative
AB positive
O positive
O negative
KIDD
DUFFY
Kell
MNS
Indirect anti-globulin is used to detect HDN
Direct anti-globulin is used to detect in vivo sensitized RBC
Direct anti-globulin is used to detect hemolytic transfusion reaction
B & C are correct
Absents of screening tools
Unresponsiveness
Similarity of names
Severity of the case that needs urgent transfusion
HIV-1
HTLV-1
HCV
HBV
Hemophilia & VWF disease
Factor VIII deficiency
Fibrinogen
All of the above
Antigen
The antibody that binds to the antibody
Radioactive Ab
2nd antibody that bind to the 1 st Ab
Avidity
Cross reactivity
Affinity
Specificity
Direct coomb test
Quantitative agglutination test
Qualitative agglutination test
Passive immune diffusion
Carbohydrate
HiV soluble protien
Ds DNA
SS DNA
countercurrent immuno elactrophoresis
Single radial immunodiffusion
Douple immunodiffusion
ELISA
Type 1 and type 4 HSV
Only type 1 HSV
Only cytotoxic HSV
Cytotoxic and Immediate HSV
Only type 2 HSV
Temperature change.
Drugs such as Morphine
Excersize.
All of the above
IGG or IGM
IGA
IGM
IGA or IGE
IGE
Peroxidase
Histamine
Major basic proteins
Major cationic proteins
SLE
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Arthus reaction
Serum sickness
Tests the Ab-ag reaction based on complement consuming
We can use it to detect any type of Ab in the serum
We can make this test quantitative by measuring the ammount of HB released
Winer model
Fisher and race system
Gell and coombs model
Landstiener model
3, Environmental
2, Self-Ag
1, Infectious
4, Self-Ag
MMR
BCG
HBsAg
DPT
IL-3
IL-7
IL-12
IL-6
TNF blockers
NSAIDs
Steroids
Recombinant IFN-B
Salmonella paratyphi c
Salmonella paratyphi b
salmonella paratyphi a
Salmonella typhimurium
. IL-13 activates eosinophils
IL-22 causes mast cell degranulation
.IL-4 induces B cell class switching to IgE
IL-17 stimulates TNF production by macrophages
High activation threshold and CD200
Normal activation threshold and CD200
High activation threshold and CD200L
Low activation threshold and CD200L
JC polyoma virus
Hepatitis C virus
BC polyoma virus
Epstein Barr virus (EBV)
CD32
CD3
CD16
CD4
CTLA-4 binds to B7 with 20-50-fold higher affinity than CD28
PD-1 mainly limits responses of differentiated effector cells in peripheral tissue
PD-1 is mainly involved in programmed T cell death by apoptosis
CTLA-4 mainly controls initial T cell activation in lymphoid organs
CD4 , CD8 double positive
CD4 , CD8 double neg
CD4 + , CD8 –
CD4-,CD8 +
TCR
KIR
RAG type 1 and II
CD8
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