Anatomy Toughest Exam Quiz!

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  • 1/64 Questions

    The only cranial nerve that innervates visceral organs is 

    • I
    • X
    • III
    • V
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About This Quiz

The 'Anatomy Toughest Exam Quiz!' challenges learners with intricate questions about human anatomy, focusing on structures like the eyeball, retinal cones, and the auditory system. This quiz is ideal for those preparing for medical exams, enhancing detailed anatomical knowledge and understanding.

Anatomy Toughest Exam Quiz! - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    The center of homeostatic control of most body functions, including body temperature is: 

    • Midbrain

    • The pons

    • Cerebellum

    • Hypothalamus

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypothalamus
    Explanation
    The hypothalamus is the correct answer because it is responsible for maintaining homeostasis in the body. It regulates various body functions, including body temperature, by receiving and interpreting signals from the nervous and endocrine systems. The hypothalamus can detect changes in body temperature and initiate appropriate responses to maintain a stable internal environment. It controls processes such as sweating or shivering to adjust body temperature as needed. Additionally, the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating other functions like hunger, thirst, and sleep.

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  • 3. 

    The outermost part of the brain that consists of gray, unmyelinated neurons.

    • Amygdala

    • Hippocampus

    • RAS

    • Cerebral cortex

    Correct Answer
    A. Cerebral cortex
    Explanation
    The cerebral cortex is the outermost part of the brain and is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as perception, memory, language, and consciousness. It consists of gray matter, which is composed of unmyelinated neurons. The amygdala, hippocampus, and RAS are all important structures in the brain, but they are not specifically associated with the gray, unmyelinated neurons of the cerebral cortex. Therefore, the correct answer is cerebral cortex.

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  • 4. 

    The right and left cerebral hemispheres are separated from each other by:

    • Gyrus

    • Sulcus

    • Longitudinal fissure

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Longitudinal fissure
    Explanation
    The right and left cerebral hemispheres are separated from each other by the longitudinal fissure. This deep groove runs along the midline of the brain and divides it into two hemispheres. The longitudinal fissure is responsible for maintaining the structural integrity of the brain and preventing the hemispheres from merging together. It also allows for communication between the hemispheres through a bundle of nerve fibers called the corpus callosum.

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  • 5. 

    The outer ear includes:

    • Malleus

    • Vestibule

    • Pinna

    • Tympanic membrane

    Correct Answer
    A. Pinna
    Explanation
    The pinna is the visible part of the outer ear, also known as the auricle. It is the cartilage-covered structure that helps collect sound waves and funnel them into the ear canal. The other options mentioned in the question, such as the malleus, vestibule, and tympanic membrane, are not part of the outer ear. The malleus is one of the three small bones in the middle ear, the vestibule is a part of the inner ear, and the tympanic membrane, also known as the eardrum, separates the outer ear from the middle ear.

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  • 6. 

    Part of the limbic system responsible for learning and memory formation.

    • Amygdala

    • Hippocampus

    • RAS

    • Cerebrum

    Correct Answer
    A. Hippocampus
    Explanation
    The hippocampus is a part of the limbic system that is responsible for learning and memory formation. It plays a crucial role in the consolidation of new memories and the retrieval of old memories. Damage to the hippocampus can result in memory loss and difficulty in forming new memories. Therefore, the hippocampus is the correct answer in this case.

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  • 7. 

    Visual association area is located in:

    • Frontal lobe

    • Parietal lobe

    • Temporal lobe

    • Occipital lobe

    Correct Answer
    A. Occipital lobe
    Explanation
    The visual association area is responsible for processing and interpreting visual information received from the primary visual cortex. It is located in the occipital lobe, which is the region at the back of the brain. This area helps in recognizing and making sense of what we see, allowing us to identify objects, faces, and colors. It also plays a role in depth perception and visual memory.

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  • 8. 

    The center of controls body movement, posture, and coordination is:

    • Midbrain

    • The pons

    • Cerebellum

    • Medulla oblongata

    Correct Answer
    A. Cerebellum
    Explanation
    The cerebellum is responsible for controlling body movement, posture, and coordination. It receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to coordinate voluntary movements. It helps maintain balance and equilibrium and plays a crucial role in fine motor skills. The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are also important parts of the brainstem, but they have different functions such as relaying sensory information and controlling vital functions like breathing and heart rate. Therefore, the correct answer is cerebellum.

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  • 9. 

    The right and left cerebral hemispheres communicate with each other via:

    • Central sulcus

    • Vermis

    • Central gyrus

    • Corpus callosum

    Correct Answer
    A. Corpus callosum
    Explanation
    The corpus callosum is a large bundle of nerve fibers that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres of the brain. It allows for communication and coordination between the two hemispheres, enabling them to share information and work together. The other options listed, such as the central sulcus, vermis, and central gyrus, are not involved in the direct communication between the hemispheres.

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  • 10. 

    Part of the limbic system responsible for learning and memory formation.

    • Amygdala

    • Hippocampus

    • RAS

    • Cerebrum

    Correct Answer
    A. Hippocampus
    Explanation
    The hippocampus is part of the limbic system and plays a crucial role in learning and memory formation. It is responsible for the consolidation of short-term memories into long-term memories. Damage to the hippocampus can result in memory problems, such as difficulty forming new memories or recalling past memories. Therefore, the hippocampus is the correct answer for the given question.

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  • 11. 

    The tube that connects the ear to the throat is:

    • Ear canal

    • External auditory canal

    • Semicircular canal

    • Eustachian tube

    Correct Answer
    A. Eustachian tube
    Explanation
    The eustachian tube is the correct answer because it is the tube that connects the ear to the throat. It helps equalize pressure between the middle ear and the environment, allowing for proper hearing and preventing damage to the eardrum. The ear canal and external auditory canal refer to the passage leading to the eardrum, while the semicircular canal is part of the inner ear responsible for balance.

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  • 12. 

    The part of the brain that sorts out sensory impulses and sends them to the appropriate parts of the primary sensory area is:

    • Thalamus

    • The pons

    • Medulla oblongata

    • Midbrain

    Correct Answer
    A. Thalamus
    Explanation
    The thalamus is responsible for sorting out sensory impulses and sending them to the appropriate parts of the primary sensory area. It acts as a relay station, receiving sensory information from various parts of the body and directing it to the relevant areas in the brain for further processing. This helps in organizing and interpreting sensory inputs, allowing us to perceive and respond to our environment effectively. The pons, medulla oblongata, and midbrain have other functions in the brain, but they are not specifically involved in sorting sensory impulses.

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  • 13. 

    This cranial nerve is responsible for olfaction:

    • I

    • V

    • X

    • XI

    Correct Answer
    A. I
    Explanation
    The correct answer is I. Cranial nerve I, also known as the olfactory nerve, is responsible for the sense of smell. It transmits information from the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity to the brain, allowing us to detect and perceive different odors.

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  • 14. 

    The meningeal membrane that is closest to the skull bone is:

    • Pia mater

    • Arachnoid

    • Dura mater

    • Periosteum

    Correct Answer
    A. Dura mater
    Explanation
    The dura mater is the correct answer because it is the outermost layer of the meningeal membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. It is a tough and durable membrane that is in direct contact with the inner surface of the skull bone, providing a protective barrier between the brain and the skull. The pia mater and arachnoid are located deeper within the meninges, while the periosteum is the membrane that covers the outer surface of the skull bone.

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  • 15. 

    This neurotransmitter produces the sense of pleasure, joy, reward.

    • GABA

    • Dopamine

    • Endorphin

    • Seratonin

    Correct Answer
    A. Dopamine
    Explanation
    Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in the brain's reward system. It is responsible for producing feelings of pleasure, joy, and reward. Dopamine is released when we engage in pleasurable activities such as eating, exercising, or receiving positive feedback. It motivates us to repeat these behaviors and reinforces the feeling of pleasure associated with them. Imbalances in dopamine levels have been linked to various mental health disorders, including depression, addiction, and Parkinson's disease.

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  • 16. 

    Where are auditory receiving and association area located?

    • Frontal

    • Parietal

    • Temporal

    • Occipital

    Correct Answer
    A. Temporal
    Explanation
    The auditory receiving and association area are located in the temporal lobe. This area is responsible for processing and interpreting auditory information, including sounds and speech. It plays a crucial role in our ability to hear, understand, and recognize different sounds and voices. The temporal lobe is located on the sides of the brain, just above the ears.

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  • 17. 

    Which of the following is not a function of skin?

    • Collection of sensory information

    • Protection from microbes

    • Production of Vitamin D 

    • Regulation of body temp

    • Absorption of water

    Correct Answer
    A. Absorption of water
    Explanation
    The skin serves various functions such as protection from microbes, production of Vitamin D, regulation of body temperature, and collection of sensory information. However, absorption of water is not one of the functions of the skin. The skin acts as a barrier that prevents excessive water loss from the body, but it does not actively absorb water.

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  • 18. 

    The function of arrector pili muscle is: 

    • To contract to squeeze oil from the sebaceous glands

    • To squeeze the sweat out of glands

    • To raise the hairs in upright position

    • To contract in order to produce heat for heat regulation

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. To raise the hairs in upright position
    Explanation
    The arrector pili muscle is responsible for raising the hairs in an upright position. When this muscle contracts, it causes the hair follicles to stand up, resulting in the phenomenon commonly known as "goosebumps." This response can be triggered by various stimuli, such as cold temperatures or emotional arousal. The contraction of the arrector pili muscle does not have any direct relation to the secretion of oil or sweat, nor does it play a role in heat regulation.

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  • 19. 

    The part of the inner ear that produces electric impulses in the auditory nerve to detect sound is:

    • Cochlea 

    • Vestibule

    • Semicircular canals

    • All the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Cochlea 
    Explanation
    The cochlea is the correct answer because it is responsible for producing electric impulses in the auditory nerve to detect sound. The vestibule and semicircular canals are also parts of the inner ear, but they are not involved in producing electric impulses for sound detection.

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  • 20. 

    This neurotransmitter puts brain in focus.

    • Adrenaline

    • GABA

    • Serotonin

    • Endorphin

    Correct Answer
    A. Adrenaline
    Explanation
    Adrenaline is the correct answer because it is a neurotransmitter that helps to increase alertness and focus in the brain. It is released during times of stress or excitement, preparing the body for a fight or flight response. Adrenaline acts on various receptors in the brain to enhance cognitive function, improve attention, and increase mental clarity. Therefore, it is responsible for putting the brain in focus. GABA, serotonin, and endorphins have different roles in the brain and do not specifically contribute to increased focus.

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  • 21. 

    Which of the following is NOT found in Dermis?

    • Hair root

    • Arrector pili muscle

    • Sebaceous glands

    • Sweat glands

    • Keratin

    Correct Answer
    A. Keratin
    Explanation
    Keratin is a protein that is primarily found in the epidermis, which is the outermost layer of the skin. It provides strength and structure to the skin, hair, and nails. The dermis, on the other hand, is the layer beneath the epidermis and is responsible for providing support and nourishment to the skin. It contains various structures such as hair roots, arrector pili muscles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Therefore, keratin is not found in the dermis.

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  • 22. 

    The meningeal membrane closet to the brain is:

    • Pia mater

    • Arachnoid

    • Dura mater

    • Periosteum

    Correct Answer
    A. Pia mater
    Explanation
    The pia mater is the innermost layer of the meningeal membrane, located closest to the brain. It is a thin and delicate membrane that directly covers the brain and spinal cord, providing protection and support. The arachnoid and dura mater are also layers of the meningeal membrane, but they are located between the pia mater and the skull. The periosteum, on the other hand, is a layer of connective tissue that covers the outer surface of the skull, not the meningeal membrane. Therefore, the correct answer is pia mater.

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  • 23. 

    The largest part of the brain in humans, responsible for conscious thought, decision making, information processing.

    • Amygdala

    • RAS

    • Hippocampus

    • Cerebrum

    Correct Answer
    A. Cerebrum
    Explanation
    The cerebrum is the correct answer because it is the largest part of the brain in humans and is responsible for conscious thought, decision making, and information processing. It is divided into two hemispheres and is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as memory, language, and problem-solving. The cerebrum plays a crucial role in our ability to perceive, think, and interact with the world around us.

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  • 24. 

    Part of the limbic system responsible for emotions:

    • Amygdala

    • Hippocampus

    • RAS

    • Cerebral cortex

    Correct Answer
    A. Amygdala
    Explanation
    The amygdala is part of the limbic system and is responsible for processing emotions, such as fear and aggression. It plays a crucial role in the formation and storage of emotional memories and is involved in the regulation of emotional responses. The hippocampus, on the other hand, is responsible for memory formation and spatial navigation. The RAS (reticular activating system) is involved in arousal and wakefulness. The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher cognitive functions, such as thinking and problem-solving. Therefore, the correct answer is amygdala.

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  • 25. 

    Primary motor area is located in:

    • Frontal lobe

    • Parietal lobe

    • Temporal lobe

    • Occipital lobe

    Correct Answer
    A. Frontal lobe
    Explanation
    The primary motor area is responsible for controlling voluntary movements of the body. It is located in the frontal lobe of the brain. This area sends signals to the muscles to initiate and coordinate movements. Damage to the primary motor area can result in difficulty in controlling movements and performing tasks that require fine motor skills.

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  • 26. 

    The only cranial nerve that innervates visceral organs is:

    • I

    • V

    • X

    • XI

    Correct Answer
    A. X
    Explanation
    Cranial nerve X, also known as the vagus nerve, is the only cranial nerve that innervates visceral organs. It is responsible for providing parasympathetic innervation to the heart, lungs, and digestive system, among other organs. This means that it helps regulate functions such as heart rate, breathing, and digestion. The other cranial nerves primarily innervate sensory and motor functions of the head and neck, making cranial nerve X unique in its role in innervating visceral organs.

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  • 27. 

    The vagus nerve is cranial nerve # and originates from?

    • Medulla oblongata, X

    • The pons, XI

    • Midbrain, X

    • The pons, I

    Correct Answer
    A. Medulla oblongata, X
    Explanation
    The vagus nerve is cranial nerve X and originates from the medulla oblongata. The medulla oblongata is a part of the brainstem that controls various vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion. The vagus nerve is the longest cranial nerve and has multiple functions, including regulating heart rate, controlling the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, and transmitting sensory information from the organs to the brain.

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  • 28. 

    Meningeal membranes are made of?

    • Glial tissue

    • Connective tissue

    • Neuroglia 

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Connective tissue
    Explanation
    Meningeal membranes are made of connective tissue. These membranes surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. Connective tissue is a type of tissue that provides support and structure to the body. It is composed of cells and extracellular matrix, which includes fibers and ground substance. Connective tissue is known for its strength and flexibility, making it an ideal choice for forming the protective layers around the central nervous system.

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  • 29. 

    The structures of the inner ear include these, except: 

    • Auricle

    • Cochlea

    • Vestibule

    • Semicircular canals

    • None 

    Correct Answer
    A. Auricle
    Explanation
    The auricle is not part of the structures of the inner ear. The structures of the inner ear include the cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals. The auricle, also known as the outer ear, is the visible part of the ear that helps collect sound waves and direct them into the ear canal. It is not involved in the actual processing of sound within the inner ear.

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  • 30. 

    The inner most layer of the eyeball: 

    • Choroid

    • Vitreous body

    • Sclera

    • Cornea

    • Retina

    Correct Answer
    A. Retina
    Explanation
    The retina is the innermost layer of the eyeball that contains specialized cells called photoreceptors, which are responsible for detecting light and converting it into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain. These signals are then transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve, allowing us to perceive visual images. The retina also contains other types of cells that help support and nourish the photoreceptors.

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  • 31. 

    Which of the following is NOT true about brain ventricles?

    • There are 4 brain ventricles

    • All ventricles are connected to each other via canals

    • There is cerebrospinal fluid inside the ventricles

    • The CSF is drained from the ventricles into the central canal by ventriculo-peritoneal shunt

    Correct Answer
    A. The CSF is drained from the ventricles into the central canal by ventriculo-peritoneal shunt
    Explanation
    The CSF is not drained from the ventricles into the central canal by ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. The CSF is actually drained from the ventricles into the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The ventriculo-peritoneal shunt is a surgical procedure used to treat hydrocephalus, where excess CSF is redirected from the ventricles to the peritoneal cavity.

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  • 32. 

    This neurotransmitter blocks the perception of pain.

    • Adrenaline

    • GABA

    • Endorphin

    • Serotonin

    Correct Answer
    A. Endorphin
    Explanation
    Endorphin is the correct answer because it is a neurotransmitter that is known for its ability to block pain perception. Endorphins are released by the body in response to stress or pain, and they bind to opioid receptors in the brain, reducing the transmission of pain signals. This results in a feeling of euphoria and can help to alleviate pain. Adrenaline, GABA, and serotonin are not specifically associated with blocking pain perception.

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  • 33. 

    Decubitus ulcers usually result from:

    • Prolonged pressure that cuts of circulation

    • Necrosis caused by bacterial infection

    • Skin burn by rubbing

    • Fungal infection of the skin

    Correct Answer
    A. Prolonged pressure that cuts of circulation
    Explanation
    Decubitus ulcers, also known as pressure ulcers or bedsores, typically occur due to prolonged pressure on a specific area of the body, which restricts blood circulation to that area. When blood flow is cut off, the affected tissues do not receive enough oxygen and nutrients, leading to tissue damage and ulcer formation. This condition is commonly observed in individuals who are bedridden or have limited mobility, as they are more prone to prolonged pressure on certain body parts.

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  • 34. 

    Stratum corneum of epidermis:

    • Contains pressure receptors

    • Is composed of dead cells

    • Contains touch receptors

    • Contains blood vessles

    Correct Answer
    A. Is composed of dead cells
    Explanation
    The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis, and it is composed of dead cells. These dead cells are flattened and filled with keratin, a protein that provides strength and protection to the skin. The main function of the stratum corneum is to act as a barrier, preventing the loss of water from the body and protecting it from external factors such as pathogens and UV radiation. The dead cells in this layer continuously shed and are replaced by new cells from the underlying layers of the epidermis.

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  • 35. 

    EEG can be used for the following, except

    • To establish brain disorders, such as epilepsy

    • To establish degree of brain damage after a head trauma

    • To measure intracranial pressure

    • To study the brain

    Correct Answer
    A. To measure intracranial pressure
    Explanation
    EEG (Electroencephalography) is a non-invasive technique used to measure and record electrical activity in the brain. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor brain disorders, such as epilepsy, by analyzing abnormal brain wave patterns. EEG can also be used to assess the degree of brain damage after a head trauma by detecting any abnormalities in brain activity. Additionally, EEG is used as a tool to study the brain and understand its functioning. However, EEG is not used to directly measure intracranial pressure, which is the pressure inside the skull. Other methods, such as invasive procedures or imaging techniques, are used for this purpose.

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  • 36. 

    The following muscles rotate the eyeball: 

    • Iris muscles

    • Ciliary muscles

    • Extrinsic muscles

    • All of these

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Extrinsic muscles
    Explanation
    The correct answer is extrinsic muscles. Extrinsic muscles are responsible for the movement and rotation of the eyeball. These muscles include the superior rectus, inferior rectus, lateral rectus, medial rectus, superior oblique, and inferior oblique muscles. The iris muscles control the size of the pupil, while the ciliary muscles are responsible for changing the shape of the lens. Therefore, the correct answer is extrinsic muscles, as they specifically rotate the eyeball.

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  • 37. 

    The ossicle that gets moved by the vibrations of the tympanic membrane is: 

    • Malleus

    • Incus

    • Stapes

    • Stirrup

    • Anvil

    Correct Answer
    A. Malleus
    Explanation
    The malleus is the ossicle that gets moved by the vibrations of the tympanic membrane. The malleus is the first of the three small bones in the middle ear, also known as the hammer. It is connected to the tympanic membrane on one end and to the incus on the other end. When sound waves hit the tympanic membrane, they cause it to vibrate, which in turn causes the malleus to move. This movement then transfers the vibrations to the other two ossicles, the incus and the stapes, ultimately leading to the transmission of sound to the inner ear.

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  • 38. 

    The thin film like membrane that covers the front of the eye is called:

    • Sclera

    • Cornea

    • Conjunctiva

    • Choroid

    • Humor 

    Correct Answer
    A. Conjunctiva
    Explanation
    The conjunctiva is a thin, transparent membrane that covers the front of the eye, including the white part of the eye (sclera) and the inner surface of the eyelids. It helps to protect the eye from foreign particles and lubricates the eye by producing tears. The cornea, on the other hand, is the clear, dome-shaped front part of the eye that covers the iris and the pupil. The sclera is the tough, white outer layer of the eyeball. The choroid is a layer of blood vessels that provide oxygen and nutrients to the eye. Humor refers to the clear fluid that fills the front and back chambers of the eye.

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  • 39. 

    The part of the eye that maintains the shape of the eyeball is called 

    • Aqueous humor

    • Vitreous body

    • Choroid

    • Crystalline lens

    • Retina

    Correct Answer
    A. Vitreous body
    Explanation
    The vitreous body is a gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina in the eye. It helps to maintain the shape of the eyeball by providing support and keeping the retina in place. The vitreous body also plays a role in transmitting light to the retina and assisting with the overall function of the eye.

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  • 40. 

    The center of control for heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate is 

    • Midbrain

    • Medulla oblongata

    • The pons

    • Cerebellum

    Correct Answer
    A. Medulla oblongata
    Explanation
    The medulla oblongata is the correct answer because it is responsible for controlling vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate. It is located at the base of the brainstem and acts as a relay center between the brain and the spinal cord. The medulla oblongata contains important control centers that regulate these essential bodily functions, ensuring their proper functioning and maintaining homeostasis.

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  • 41. 

    The part of the brain that controls the cough reflex and vomit reflex is:

    • Midbrain

    • The pons

    • Medulla oblongata

    • Hypothalamus

    Correct Answer
    A. Medulla oblongata
    Explanation
    The medulla oblongata is responsible for controlling the cough reflex and vomit reflex. It is located at the base of the brainstem and plays a crucial role in regulating various involuntary functions of the body, including breathing, heart rate, and digestion. The medulla oblongata receives sensory information from the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems and coordinates the appropriate reflex responses, such as coughing and vomiting, to protect the body from potential harm or irritation.

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  • 42. 

    The neurotransmitter slows down brain neuron activity, causes sedation.

    • Adrenaline

    • GABA 

    • Seratonin

    • Dopamine

    Correct Answer
    A. GABA 
    Explanation
    GABA is the correct answer because it is a neurotransmitter that inhibits or slows down brain neuron activity, leading to sedation. Adrenaline, serotonin, and dopamine are neurotransmitters that have different functions and do not cause sedation.

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  • 43. 

    The following brain waves are produced by a highly focused brain, thinking fast, solving hard problems.

    • Alpha waves

    • Beta waves

    • Delta waves

    • Kappa waves

    Correct Answer
    A. Kappa waves
  • 44. 

    The function of the ossicles is: 

    • To collect sound waves

    • To amplify sound waves

    • To excite neurons of auditory nerve

    • To interpret sound waves

    Correct Answer
    A. To amplify sound waves
    Explanation
    The ossicles are a set of three small bones in the middle ear, namely the malleus, incus, and stapes. Their main function is to amplify sound waves that enter the ear. When sound waves reach the eardrum, they cause it to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the ossicles, which in turn amplify the vibrations and transmit them to the inner ear. This amplification is necessary because the inner ear contains fluid, which requires stronger vibrations to effectively stimulate the hair cells that are responsible for converting sound into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain.

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  • 45. 

    Part of the limbic system responsible for wakefulness and alertness.

    • Amygdala

    • RAS

    • Cerebrum

    • Hippocampus

    Correct Answer
    A. RAS
    Explanation
    The RAS (reticular activating system) is a part of the limbic system that is responsible for wakefulness and alertness. It is a network of neurons located in the brainstem that filters and relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex, helping to regulate arousal and maintain consciousness. The RAS plays a crucial role in keeping us awake and alert by receiving sensory input and activating the cerebral cortex, allowing us to respond to stimuli in our environment. The amygdala, cerebrum, and hippocampus are also important structures in the limbic system, but they are not specifically responsible for wakefulness and alertness like the RAS.

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  • 46. 

    The following brain waves are produced during the REM period of sleep cycle:

    • Alpha waves

    • Beta waves

    • Delta waves

    • Kappa waves

    Correct Answer
    A. Beta waves
    Explanation
    During the REM (Rapid Eye Movement) period of the sleep cycle, the brain produces beta waves. Beta waves are high-frequency, low-amplitude brain waves that are associated with wakefulness and alertness. They are typically present when the brain is actively engaged in cognitive tasks and conscious thinking. In the context of REM sleep, beta waves indicate that the brain is in a state of heightened activity, which is consistent with the vivid dreaming and rapid eye movements that occur during this stage of sleep.

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  • 47. 

    Which of the following is true about BBB?

    • It doesnt let any molecules from blood into the brain

    • The physical barrier is created by the astrocytes

    • The chemical barrier is caused by very tightly packed cells of the capillary walls in the brain

    • In order to pass from blood into the brain, particles must first enter the cerebrospinal fluid

    Correct Answer
    A. In order to pass from blood into the brain, particles must first enter the cerebrospinal fluid
    Explanation
    The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective barrier that separates the circulating blood from the brain tissue. It is composed of tightly packed cells of the capillary walls in the brain, which create a physical barrier. The BBB also includes astrocytes, which provide additional structural support. The correct answer states that in order to pass from blood into the brain, particles must first enter the cerebrospinal fluid. This is because the BBB restricts the movement of molecules from the blood into the brain, and one way for particles to cross the barrier is by entering the cerebrospinal fluid before reaching the brain tissue.

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  • 48. 

    The following is NOT true about retinal cones: 

    • They produce sharp images, when excited

    • They are used in bright light

    • They are used for perception of colors

    • They need retinol to work 

    • They are less numerous than the rods

    Correct Answer
    A. They need retinol to work 
    Explanation
    Retinal cones are photoreceptor cells in the retina that are responsible for color vision and visual acuity in bright light conditions. They produce sharp images when excited and are used for the perception of colors. However, they do not need retinol to work. Retinol is a form of vitamin A that is important for the health of the retina, but it is not directly involved in the functioning of retinal cones. Additionally, retinal cones are indeed less numerous than the rods, which are another type of photoreceptor cells in the retina.

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  • 49. 

    Primary sensory area is located in what lobe?

    • Frontal

    • Parietal

    • Temporal

    • Occipital

    Correct Answer
    A. Parietal
    Explanation
    The primary sensory area is located in the parietal lobe. This lobe is responsible for processing sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain. It receives and interprets signals from different parts of the body, allowing us to perceive and understand the sensations we experience. The parietal lobe also plays a role in spatial awareness, perception of objects, and coordination of movements.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 20, 2023 +

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jul 24, 2020
    Quiz Created by
    Marie091289
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