Basic Chemistry Exam Quiz Trivia!

Bases that dissolve in water are called alkalis because alkalis are a type of base that specifically dissolve in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution. Alkalis are typically ionic compounds that contain a metal cation and a hydroxide anion. When these compounds are added to water, they dissociate and release hydroxide ions, making the solution basic. Examples of alkalis include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH).

When an acid is diluted, it means that a large amount of water is mixed into it. This process reduces the concentration of the acid, making it less strong or less acidic. Dilution is commonly done to make the acid less corrosive or to adjust its pH level for various purposes.

When an acid reacts with a metal oxide, the products formed are salt and water. This is because the acid donates hydrogen ions (H+) to the metal oxide, which in turn donates oxygen ions (O2-) to the acid. The hydrogen and oxygen ions combine to form water (H2O), while the remaining ions from the acid and metal oxide combine to form a salt. Therefore, the correct answer is salt + water.

The signs of a chemical change include a change of color, change of temperature, formation of a precipitate (solid), release of gas, and a change in odor. These changes indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred, as they are characteristic of the formation of new substances with different properties than the original substances.

A pH scale of 7 indicates a neutral solution. This means that the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in the solution. In other words, the solution is neither acidic nor basic.

Metals on the periodic table have the characteristic of being able to lose free electrons and become positive ions. This is because metals have a tendency to have few valence electrons, which are the electrons involved in chemical bonding. When a metal atom loses its valence electrons, it becomes positively charged, forming a cation. This ability to lose electrons is what gives metals their characteristic properties such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, malleability, and ductility.

When an acid reacts with a metal carbonate, the products formed are salt, carbon dioxide, and water. The acid reacts with the metal carbonate to form a salt, while the carbonate ion (CO3^2-) reacts with the hydrogen ion (H+) from the acid to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). Therefore, the correct answer is salt + carbon dioxide + water.

The correct answer is hydrogen and oxygen & neutralization reactions. Water is formed when hydrogen and oxygen react together in a process called combustion. Additionally, water can also be produced through neutralization reactions, where an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.

When an acid reacts with a metal bicarbonate, the products formed are a salt, carbon dioxide, and water. This is because the acid reacts with the bicarbonate to produce a salt, while also releasing carbon dioxide gas and water. Therefore, the correct answer is "salt + carbon dioxide + water".

In a chemical reaction, the reactants undergo a rearrangement of their atoms, resulting in the formation of new bonds to create the products. This explanation aligns with the general understanding of chemical reactions, where the atoms involved in the reaction do not change but rather rearrange themselves to form different compounds.

When alkalies lose hydroxide ion, they lose a negatively charged ion. This means that they are losing an electron and becoming positively charged. Therefore, the correct answer is "Changed to cation."

When acids lose a hydrogen ion, they become charged particles called ions. Specifically, they become anions, which are negatively charged ions. This is because the loss of a hydrogen ion leaves the acid with an excess of electrons, giving it a negative charge.

When an acid reacts with a metal, the product formed is salt and hydrogen gas. This is because acids are capable of donating protons (H+) and metals are capable of accepting these protons, resulting in the formation of salt. The hydrogen gas is released as a byproduct of this reaction.

When an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide, the products formed are a salt and water. This is because the acid donates a proton (H+) to the metal hydroxide, forming water, while the remaining ions from the acid and metal hydroxide combine to form a salt. Therefore, the correct answer is "salt + water".

To neutralize an acid, you add a base. When an acid and a base react, they undergo a chemical reaction called neutralization. The base helps to balance out the acidity of the acid and bring the pH level closer to neutral, resulting in the formation of water and a salt. Therefore, adding a base is the correct way to neutralize an acid.

When acids dissolve in water, they release hydrogen ions (H+). These hydrogen ions react with water molecules to form hydronium ions (H3O+). This is because the hydrogen ion combines with a water molecule, forming a hydronium ion. Therefore, the correct answer is "form hydronium ion".