Intercollegiate Chemistry Quiz Organized By Department Of Chemistry, Sevadal Mahila Mahavidyalaya, NaGPur.

Acetic acid is weaker than sulphuric acid because it has a lower degree of ionization. Degree of ionization refers to the extent to which a compound dissociates into ions in a solution. Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, has a lower tendency to dissociate into ions compared to sulphuric acid. This is due to the presence of the -COOH group in acetic acid, which hinders the ionization process. As a result, fewer ions are formed, leading to a weaker acid compared to sulphuric acid.

The majority of monosaccharides found in the human body are of the D-type stereoisomers. This is because D-type monosaccharides are more commonly found in nature and are the preferred form for enzymatic reactions in the human body. D-type monosaccharides have a specific arrangement of hydroxyl groups around the chiral carbon, which allows for proper binding and interaction with enzymes and other molecules in biological processes.

Diamond is an allotrope of carbon. Allotropes are different forms of the same element that have different physical and chemical properties. Carbon can exist in various forms, including graphite, coal, and diamond. Diamond is a form of carbon that has a unique crystal structure, making it the hardest known natural substance. It is composed of carbon atoms arranged in a tetrahedral lattice structure, resulting in its exceptional hardness and brilliance. Therefore, the correct answer is carbon.

Peroxides can be used to initiate radical polymerization. Radical polymerization is a process in which a radical species initiates the polymerization reaction by adding to a monomer molecule, creating a new radical. Peroxides are commonly used as initiators because they can easily decompose to generate free radicals. These radicals then react with monomers to form polymer chains. In contrast, HCl, hydroxide ion, and BF3 are not commonly used as initiators in radical polymerization reactions.

The theory of relativity was given by Einstein. This theory revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and gravity. It introduced the concept of spacetime, where space and time are interconnected and can be affected by the presence of mass and energy. The theory also introduced the famous equation E=mc^2, which relates energy and mass. Einstein's theory of relativity has been confirmed by numerous experiments and observations, and it continues to be a fundamental pillar of modern physics.

The notation E and Z is not used to distinguish between pairs of enantiomers. E and Z notation is used to describe the configuration of double bonds in geometric isomers. Enantiomers are mirror images of each other and have the same E or Z configuration. Therefore, this notation is not applicable in distinguishing between enantiomers.

Friedrich Wohler is known as the father of organic chemistry because he was the first to synthesize an organic compound in his laboratory. The organic compound he synthesized was urea. Urea is an important organic compound that is found in urine and plays a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle. Wohler's synthesis of urea from inorganic substances disproved the theory of vitalism, which stated that organic compounds could only be produced by living organisms. This discovery had a significant impact on the field of chemistry and paved the way for further advancements in organic synthesis.

Enthalpy is a thermodynamic property that represents the total heat content of a system. It is denoted by the symbol H. Enthalpy takes into account both the internal energy of a system and the work done by or on the system. It is commonly used in chemical reactions to measure the heat exchange between the system and its surroundings. Therefore, the correct answer is Enthalpy.

The structure of IF7 is a pentagonal bipyramid. This means that it consists of a central atom (Iodine) surrounded by seven other atoms (Fluorine) arranged in a symmetrical manner. The pentagonal bipyramid shape is characterized by a central atom with two axial positions and five equatorial positions, forming a two-dimensional pentagon in the equatorial plane. This arrangement allows for maximum separation between the bonded atoms, resulting in a stable structure for IF7.

The correct answer is potassium dichromate-sulfuric acid. This combination is commonly used in breath tests to check for alcohol in a person's breath. When alcohol is present, it reacts with the potassium dichromate in the presence of sulfuric acid, causing a color change. This color change is then used to determine the level of alcohol in the breath, indicating whether or not the person is driving under the influence.

Mercury is not a mixture because it is a pure element. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded together and can be separated physically. Air is a mixture of gases, milk is a mixture of water, proteins, fats, and other compounds, and cement is a mixture of limestone, clay, and other materials. However, mercury is an element that exists in its pure form and cannot be separated into different substances.

Ketones do not undergo a reaction with Fehling solution. Fehling solution is a test used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones. Aldehydes can be oxidized by Fehling solution to form a red precipitate of copper(I) oxide, while ketones do not react and the solution remains blue. Therefore, the absence of a reaction with Fehling solution is a characteristic reaction that is not shown by ketones.

Joule is the correct answer because it is the standard unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI). It is defined as the amount of energy transferred when a force of one newton is applied over a distance of one meter. The joule is widely used in physics, engineering, and everyday life to measure various forms of energy such as mechanical, electrical, and thermal energy.

A monodentate ligand is a ligand that can donate only one electron pair to form a coordinate bond with a metal ion. CN- is a monodentate ligand because it has a single lone pair of electrons that can form a coordinate bond with a metal ion. EDTA, C2O4-, and H2NCH2CH2NH2 are not monodentate ligands because they have multiple atoms or groups that can donate electron pairs, forming multiple coordinate bonds with a metal ion.

Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) is mainly composed of propane and butane. Propane is a three-carbon alkane with the chemical formula C3H8, while butane is a four-carbon alkane with the formula C4H10. LPG is commonly used as a fuel for heating, cooking, and transportation due to its high energy content and ease of storage and transportation in its liquid form.

Bromine is the correct answer because it is a non-metal that remains liquid at room temperature. Chlorine and phosphorous are both non-metals, but they are gases at room temperature. Helium, on the other hand, is a noble gas and is also a gas at room temperature.

The correct answer is nuclear fusion. A hydrogen bomb, also known as a thermonuclear bomb, utilizes the process of nuclear fusion to release a tremendous amount of energy. In this process, the nuclei of hydrogen isotopes, such as deuterium and tritium, combine to form helium, releasing a large amount of energy in the process. This is different from nuclear fission, which is the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei, and natural or artificial radioactivity, which involves the spontaneous decay of atomic nuclei.

2-Hexene can exhibit geometrical isomerism because it contains a C=C double bond. Geometrical isomerism occurs when there is restricted rotation around the double bond, leading to different spatial arrangements of the substituents. In the case of 2-Hexene, the two carbon atoms of the double bond are attached to different groups, allowing for the possibility of cis and trans isomers. The other compounds listed do not have a C=C double bond and therefore cannot exhibit geometrical isomerism.

Phenolphthalein is commonly used as an indicator in chemistry experiments. An indicator is a substance that undergoes a color change in the presence of an acid or a base. Phenolphthalein is colorless in acidic solutions and turns pink or purple in basic solutions. It is often used in titrations to determine the endpoint of the reaction, where the color change indicates that the reaction is complete. Therefore, the correct answer is "Indicator".

Chemical kinetics is the branch of chemistry that focuses on the study of rates of chemical reactions. It involves investigating how fast or slow a reaction occurs and the factors that influence this rate. By studying the rates of reactions, scientists can gain insights into the reaction mechanism, which refers to the sequence of steps that occur during a chemical reaction. Understanding the rates of reactions is crucial for various applications, such as designing efficient industrial processes, developing new drugs, and understanding natural phenomena.

Carbohydrates are referred to as the "Staff of Life" because they are the main source of energy for the body. They provide fuel for the brain, muscles, and other organs. Carbohydrates are found in foods such as grains, fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. They are broken down into glucose, which is used by the body for energy. Carbohydrates also play a role in cell structure and communication.

The Pinacole rearrangement was the first molecular rearrangement identified as such by early chemists. This rearrangement involves the conversion of a 1,2-diol into a carbonyl compound with the migration of a hydrogen atom and a hydroxyl group. It was discovered by Wilhelm Rudolph Fittig and his student Wilhelm Rudolph Hübner in 1860. The reaction is named after the compound pinacol, which was used as a starting material in the initial studies. The Pinacole rearrangement paved the way for the discovery and understanding of other molecular rearrangements in organic chemistry.

Cyclopropane has the highest ring strain among the given compounds. This is because cyclopropane has the smallest ring size, resulting in a high degree of angle strain. The carbon atoms in cyclopropane are forced to have bond angles of approximately 60 degrees, which is significantly smaller than the ideal bond angle of 109.5 degrees in a tetrahedral geometry. This distortion causes significant strain in the molecule, making cyclopropane the compound with the highest ring strain.

Nitrobenzene is not a natural occurring nitro compound. It is an aromatic compound that is synthesized through various chemical processes. Chloramphenicol, 2-Nitrophenol, and 3-Nitropropionic acid, on the other hand, are all natural occurring compounds that contain a nitro group.

Caustic soda solution is required to distinguish between formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. Caustic soda solution is used to perform the iodoform test, which helps in differentiating between these two aldehydes. In this test, the aldehyde is treated with iodine in the presence of caustic soda solution. Formaldehyde does not give a positive iodoform test, while acetaldehyde does. Therefore, the presence of a yellow precipitate confirms the presence of acetaldehyde.