Quiz: Microbiology Exam Practice Questions!

192 Questions | By Tgerdel | Updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Attempts: 1840

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Quiz: Microbiology Exam Practice Questions! - Quiz

It’s time for your final review, folks! Your studies have led you to this moment, and it’s time to finally put your recently acquired knowledge on the study of microscopic organisms like bacteria and viruses to good use. Think you know enough about the topic of microbiology to pass this final hurdle? All you have to do is answer the questions to find out! Good luck!

Questions and Answers

1.

Substances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called
- A.
  
  Antibiotics
- B.
  
  Narrow-spectrum drugs
- C.
  
  Semisynthetic drugs
- D.
  
  Synthetic drugs
- E.
  
  Broad-spectrum drugs
2.

Antimicrobics effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed
- A.
  
  Antibiotics
- B.
  
  Narrow-spectrum drugs
- C.
  
  Semisynthetic drugs
- D.
  
  Synthetic drugs
- E.
  
  Broad-spectrum drugs
3.

Important characteristics of antimicrobic drugs include
- A.
  
  Low toxicity for human tissues
- B.
  
  High toxicity against microbial cells
- C.
  
  Do not cause serious side effects in humans
- D.
  
  Stable and soluble in body tissues and fluids
- E.
  
  All of the choices are correct
4.

Aminoglycosides
- A.
  
  Interfere with elongation of peptidoglycan
- B.
  
  Are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis
- C.
  
  Attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis
- D.
  
  Damage cell membranes
- E.
  
  Block peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules
5.

A chemical that inhibits beta-lactamase enzymes is
- A.
  
  Synercid
- B.
  
  Penicillinase
- C.
  
  Aztreonam
- D.
  
  Clavulanic acid
- E.
  
  Imipenem
6.

Antibiotics are derived from all the following except
- A.
  
  Penicillium
- B.
  
  Bacillus
- C.
  
  Staphylococcus
- D.
  
  Streptomyces
- E.
  
  Cephalosporium
7.

Penicillins and cephalosporins
- A.
  
  Interfere with DNA synthesis
- B.
  
  Are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis
- C.
  
  Attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis
- D.
  
  Damage cell membranes
- E.
  
  Block the peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules
8.

Sulfonamides
- A.
  
  Interfere with elongation of peptidoglycan
- B.
  
  Are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis
- C.
  
  Attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis
- D.
  
  Damage cell membranes
- E.
  
  Block peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules
9.

Ampicillin, amoxicillin, mezlocillin, and penicillin G all have
- A.
  
  A beta-lactam ring
- B.
  
  Resistance to the action of penicillinase
- C.
  
  A semisynthetic nature
- D.
  
  An expanded spectrum of activity
- E.
  
  All of the choices are correct
10.

The drug used against intestinal anaerobic bacteria, that can also alter normal flora causing antibiotic-associated colitis is
- A.
  
  Chloramphenicol
- B.
  
  Clindamycin
- C.
  
  Ciprofloxacin
- D.
  
  Bacitracin
- E.
  
  Gentamicin
11.

The antifungal drug that can be used to treat serious systemic fungal infections is
- A.
  
  Nystatin
- B.
  
  Griseofulvin
- C.
  
  Amphotericin B
- D.
  
  Sulfa drugs
- E.
  
  Metronidazole
12.

The drug used for several protozoan infections is
- A.
  
  Nystatin
- B.
  
  Griseofulvin
- C.
  
  Amphotericin B
- D.
  
  Sulfa drugs
- E.
  
  Metronidazole
13.

Mebendazole, niclosamide, and ivermectin are drugs used to treat __________ infections.
- A.
  
  Bacterial
- B.
  
  Fungal
- C.
  
  Protozoan
- D.
  
  Helminthic
- E.
  
  Virus
14.

Which of the following is not a mode of action of antivirals?
- A.
  
  Block penetration
- B.
  
  Block transcription and translation
- C.
  
  Inhibit DNA synthesis
- D.
  
  Block maturation
- E.
  
  Bond to ergosterol in the cell membrane
15.

Antivirals that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat
- A.
  
  Influenza A virus
- B.
  
  HIV
- C.
  
  Herpes zoster virus
- D.
  
  Respiratory syncytial virus
- E.
  
  Hepatitis C virus
16.

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobics include
- A.
  
  Bacterial chromosomal mutations
- B.
  
  Synthesis of enzymes that alter drug structure
- C.
  
  Prevention of drug entry into the cell
- D.
  
  Alteration of drug receptors on cell targets
- E.
  
  All of the choices are correct
17.

A superinfection results from
- A.
  
  Build up of a drug to toxic levels in the patient
- B.
  
  The wrong drug administered to the patient
- C.
  
  An immune system reaction to the drug
- D.
  
  Decrease in most normal flora with overgrowth of an unaffected species
- E.
  
  All of the choices are correct
18.

Drug susceptibility testing
- A.
  
  Determines the patient's response to various antimicrobics
- B.
  
  Determines the pathogen's response to various antimicrobics
- C.
  
  Determines if normal flora will be affected by antimicrobics
- D.
  
  Determines if the drug is increasing to toxic levels in a patient
- E.
  
  None of the choices are correct
19.

A "shotgun" approach to antimicrobial therapy involves
- A.
  
  Giving a narrow spectrum drug
- B.
  
  Culturing the pathogen and identifying it
- C.
  
  Performing the disk diffusion assay
- D.
  
  Using a broad spectrum drug so that the chance of killing the pathogen is greater
- E.
  
  Using antiviral and antibiotic drugs in combination
20.

All of the following could be reasons why antimicrobic treatment fails except
- A.
  
  The inability of the drug to diffuse into the infected body compartment
- B.
  
  A mixed infection where some of the pathogens are drug resistant
- C.
  
  Not completing the full course of treatment
- D.
  
  A disk diffusion test showing pathogen sensitivity to the antimicrobic
- E.
  
  Diminished gastrointestinal absorption due to an underlying condition or age
21.

All infectious diseases
- A.
  
  Are contagious
- B.
  
  Only occur in humans
- C.
  
  Are caused by microorganisms or their products
- D.
  
  Are caused by vectors
- E.
  
  Involve viruses as the pathogen
22.

Endogenous infectious agents arise from microbes that are
- A.
  
  In food
- B.
  
  The patient's own normal flora
- C.
  
  On fomites
- D.
  
  In the air
- E.
  
  Transmitted from one person to another
23.

The human body typically begins to be colonized by its normal flora
- A.
  
  Before birth, in utero
- B.
  
  During, and immediately after birth
- C.
  
  When a child first goes to school
- D.
  
  When an infant gets its first infectious disease
- E.
  
  During puberty
24.

All of the following genera are considered resident flora of skin sites except
- A.
  
  Escherichia
- B.
  
  Staphylococcus
- C.
  
  Corynebacterium
- D.
  
  Micrococcus
- E.
  
  Mycobacterium
25.

Resident flora of the intestines include
- A.
  
  Streptococcus
- B.
  
  Bacteroides
- C.
  
  Staphylococcus
- D.
  
  Haemophilus
- E.
  
  All of the choices are correct